Modulatory Effects of Bryophyllum Pinnatum Leaves Extract on Peroxidation Indices of CCl4 Induced-Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats (original) (raw)
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2021
Bryophyllum pinnatum is an important enthnomedicinal plant. The study assessed the effect of crude aqueous leaves extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum (CALEBP) on fasting plasma glucose (FPG), antioxidant status, lipid profile, liver and renal function indices in albino rats. The rats were housed under standard laboratory conditions (12h light: 12h dark photoperiod), 23± 2 oC and were given rat pellets and tap water ad libitum. Twenty four rats weighing 190-232g were randomized into four groups (A-D) of six rats each. Group A (control) received normal feed and water only. Groups B, C and D received orally 180, 360 and 540 mg/kg body weight respectively of CALEBP for 28 days. Serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase, catalase, FPG, lipid profile, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, proteins, malondialdehyde, glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and electrolytes were assessed by standard methods. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of varia...
International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review
Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of boiled Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves on serum liver enzymes after the administration of alcohol-induced liver damage in Albino Wistar rats. Study Design: Experimental. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, University of Calabar (from June to August, 2021). Methodology: Fresh Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves collected were washed thoroughly with clean water and allowed to dry at room temperature for 2 hours. The leaves were boiled at 100oC to obtain a boiled extract from the fresh leaves. Alcohol and leaf extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum were administered orally for a period of one week each. The rats in group 2 and 3 were induced with sub-chronic liver damage orally using a commonly available alcoholic beverage, blended whiskey at a dose of 1.5 ml per body weight for a period of one week while the rats in group 3 were given boiled leaf extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum for one week. At the end of the two weeks treat...
ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BRYPHYLLUM PINNATUM ON ALBINO WISTAR RATS
Bryophyllumpinnatum, which belong to the family Crassulceae, is a succulent plant native to Madagascar, which is a popular houseplant and has become naturalized in tropical and subtropical areas. It has been in traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension and kidney stones. Despite these acclaimed efficacies of its use in tradomedical practices, the effects on body organs are not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant properties of Bryophyllumpinnatum. Fifteen adult Sprague dowley rats were use in this study split into three groups (group 1, 2 and 3). Group 1 animals served as the control, while group 2 and 3 served as the experimental groups. Acute toxicity, and antioxidants. The result of this study found LD 50 to be above 5000mg/kg. In vitro antioxidant test found the presence of alkaloids, saponins, thiamin, riboflavin etc. Antioxidant activity test result found an increase in GSH, GPx, a decrease in MDA and a stable CAT. In conclusion, we recommend its uses in human, but at a regulated doses because of its efficacy as stated in this study.
Pharmacognosy Research, 2013
Background: Bryophyllum pinnatum Lam. used in folk medicine in tropical Africa, tropical America, India, China and Australia contains a wide range of active compounds, well known for their haemostatic and wound-healing properties. Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum Lam. on N-diethylnitrosamine (DENA)-induced hepatic injury in rats. Material and Methods: The aerial part of B. pinnatum aqueous and ethanolic extract was prepared in doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. Hepatic injury was induced by DENA. Acute toxicity was also carried out. Result: Treatment with different doses of ethanolic extract of B. Pinnatum (250 mg/kg, p.o.) was not significantly able to treat the liver injury induced by DENA, but 500 mg/kg dose of ethanolic extract of B. Pinnatum protects the liver slightly. Treatment with different doses of aqueous extract of B. Pinnatum (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly (P*<0.05; P**<0.01 and P***<0.001) treated the liver injury induced by DENA. Conclusion: It may be inferred from the present study that the hepatoprotective activities of the aqueous extract of B. Pinnatum leaves in DENA-induced hepatotoxicity may involve its antioxidant or oxidative free radical scavenging activities by alleviating lipid peroxidation through scavenging of free radicals, or by enhancing the activity of antioxidants.
Research Journal of Pharmacology, 2011
Bryophyllum pinnatum (B. pinnatum) is a perennial herb growing widely and used in folkloric medicine. Much research work has not been carried out on its effect on hematological parameters. We therefore decided to investigate the effect of crude methanolic leaf extract of B. pinnatum on some hematological parameters in Wistar rats. Twenty (20) male Wistar rats aged 2 to 3 months obtained from the Animal House of College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus were acclimatized for two weeks. They were divided into five groups labeled A to E. Groups A to D were orally fed with graded doses of the crude leaf extract (100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight respectively) once daily for 28days in lower concentrations compared to an oral LD 50 of 800 mg/kg body weight. Group E served as control without receiving the extract. On Day 29 about 2.5mL of blood sample were collected from each rat through the median canthus into K 3 -EDTA anticoagulant containers for hemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Total White Blood Cell (TWBC), and Platelet count. The results revealed significantly increased Hb in all the treated groups, A=15.9±1.0, B = 16.8±1.0, C = 17.5±1.0 and D = 18.7±1.0 g/dL when compared with control E = 13.5±0.5 g/dL (p<0.05). The PCV of the treated groups were also significantly increased, A = 0.48±0.01, B = 0.51±0.01, C = 0.53±0.01 and D = 0.56±0.01 L/L when compared with control E = 0.38±0.01 L/L (p<0.05). The TWBC were significantly increased in all the treated groups (A = 6.2±1.0, B = 6.5±1.0, C = 7.1±1.0 and D = 7.7±1.0×10 9 /L when compared with control E = 4.0±1.0×10 9 /L. The platelet count were decreased in all the treated groups but was significant only in group A = 135±13×10 9 /L when compared with control E = 225±20×10 9 /L (p<0.05). The blood film examination revealed normocytic and normochromic red blood cells. This result pattern suggests that crude methanolic leaf extract of B. pinnatum may have properties that increase the Hb, PCV and TWBC, while decreasing the platelets, hence care should be taken while consuming such extracts to avoid haematological disturbances such as thrombocytopaenia. Also, constant monitoring the hematological parameters should be ensured in subjects taking such medicinal herbs for whatever purposes.
Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research, 2019
Context: Seaweeds are seen as a traditional food and folk medicine by different coastal countries. The red seaweed Bryothamnion triquetrum is a widely distributed species that grows in shallow waters, and different authors have demonstrated a possible application of the seaweeds as a source of natural antioxidants and relative diseases. Aims: To evaluate the hepatoprotective properties on CCl4-induced oxidative stress in rats that were associated with the antioxidant activity from the polyphenol-rich fractions of the red seaweed Bryothamnion triquetrum. Methods: Polyphenols were determined by Folin-Cioacalteu. Antioxidant activity from phenolic compounds-rich fractions was measured by different assays (DPPH, Reducing power, β-Carotene/linoleic acid assay and Inhibition of lipoperoxidation). Aqueous extract from B. triquetrum was administered during 20 days to rats and submitted CCl4-Induced oxidative damage. The peroxidation and hepatic damage (TBARS, ASAT and ALAT), antioxidant metabolite and enzymes (glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase) were evaluated. Also, it was evaluated the expression of antioxidant enzymes by RT-PCR. Results: The antioxidant activity determined by different assays with polyphenolic fractions. Free Phenolic Acid was more active: DPPH, 20 µg 87%; Reducing power OD = 0.490, 20 µg ; β-carotene/linoleic acid 1 µg 53%, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation 0.250 µg 100%. Rats treated displayed lower liver TBARS, ASAT and ALAT than CCl4-treated group and catalase activity was increased. It was demonstrated expression of catalase. Conclusions: Data suggest that Bryothamnion triquetrum protects the liver against oxidative stress by modulating its antioxidant enzymes and oxidative status with potential use as phytodrug or functional food.
2014
Effects of n-butanol fraction of Gongronema latifolium leave extract on some liver function and histological parameters in CCl 4-induced oxidative damage in Wistar albino rats were assessed. Fifty-four (54) Wistar albino rats were divided into treatment group and LD 50 groups. Group A (normal control) was given feed and water, Group B (vehicle control) was injected with olive oil intraperitoneally, while the rest groups (C, D, E, F and G) were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of CCl 4 (148 mg/kg) as a 1:1 (v/v) solution in olive oil and all the animals were fasted for 36 hours. This was repeated once every week for a period of four (4) weeks. At the end of 28 days of treatment, liver marker enzymes studies showed that there was significant (p<0.05) increase in the serum activities of ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin concentrations in CCl 4-induced control group when compared with the normal control and induced treated groups but there was no significant (p>0.05) difference of these liver marker enzymes and bilirubin levels between the normal control and induced treated groups. Antioxidant assay on the liver homogenate showed that there was significant (p<0.05) decrease in SOD, CAT, GPx and a significant increase (p<0.05) in MDA of CCl 4-induced control rats when compared to the normal control rats but there was no significant (p>0.05) difference between the normal control and induced treated groups. These findings suggested that n-butanol fraction of methanolic leave extract of G. latifolium may have anti-hepatotoxic and antioxidative effects against CCl 4-induced liver damage in rats.
Hepatoprotective effects of methanol extract of Carissa opaca leaves on CCl4-induced damage in rat
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011
Background: Carissa opaca (Apocynaceae) leaves possess antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effects, and so may provide a possible therapeutic alternative in hepatic disorders. The effect produced by methanolic extract of Carissa opaca leaves (MCL) was investigated on CCl 4-induced liver damages in rat. Methods: 30 rats were divided into five groups of six animals of each, having free access to food and water ad libitum. Group I (control) was given olive oil and DMSO, while group II, III and IV were injected intraperitoneally with CCl 4 (0.5 ml/kg) as a 20% (v/v) solution in olive oil twice a week for 8 weeks. Animals of group II received only CCl 4. Rats of group III were given MCL intragastrically at a dose of 200 mg/kg bw while that of group IV received silymarin at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw twice a week for 8 weeks. However, animals of group V received MCL only at a dose of 200 mg/kg bw twice a week for 8 weeks. The activities of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) were determined in serum. Catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSR) and quinone reductase (QR) activity was measured in liver homogenates. Lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS), glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) concentration was also assessed in liver homogenates. Phytochemicals in MCL were determined through qualitative and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Results: Hepatotoxicity induced with CCl 4 was evidenced by significant increase in lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and H 2 O 2 level, serum activities of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and γ-GT. Level of GSH determined in liver was significantly reduced, as were the activities of antioxidant enzymes; CAT, POD, SOD, GSH-Px, GSR, GST and QR. On cirrhotic animals treated with CCl 4 , histological studies showed centrilobular necrosis and infiltration of lymphocytes. MCL (200 mg/kg bw) and silymarin (50 mg/kg bw) co-treatment prevented all the changes observed with CCl 4-treated rats. The phytochemical analysis of MCL indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, phlobatannins, terpenoids, coumarins, anthraquinones, and cardiac glycosides. Isoquercetin, hyperoside, vitexin, myricetin and kaempherol was determined in MCL. Conclusion: These results indicate that MCL has a significant protective effect against CCl 4 induced hepatotoxicity in rat, which may be due to its antioxidant and membrane stabilizing properties.
Wister albino rats were divided into treatment group and LD 50 groups. Group A (normal control) was given feed and water, Group B (vehicle control) was injected with olive oil intraperitoneally, while the rest groups (C, D, E, F and G) were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of CCl 4 (148 mg/kg) as a 1:1 (v/v) solution in olive oil and all the animals were fasted for 36 h. This was repeated once every week for a period of four (4) weeks. At the end of 28 days of treatment, liver marker enzymes studies showed that there was significant (p<0.05) increase in the serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)and bilirubin concentrations in CCl 4induced control group when compared with the normal control and induced treated groups but there was no significant (p>0.05) difference of these liver marker enzymes and bilirubin levels between the normal control and induced treated groups. Kidney function studies showed that there was significant (p<0.05) increase in creatinine and urea concentrations of CCl 4 -induced control group when compared with the normal control and induced treated groups but there was no significant (p>0.05) difference between the normal control and induced treated groups. Also, the kidney and liver antioxidant study revealed significant (p<0.05) decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities as well as an increase in MDA concentration in CCl 4 -induced control rats when compared with the normal control rats. Histological section of the organs shows that the levels of hepatic and renal damage were higher in CCl 4 -induction control rats when compared with the normal control and induced treated groups. These findings suggest that n-butanol fraction of methanolic leaves extract of G. latifolium may have anti-hepatotoxic, anti-nephrotoxic and antioxidative effects against CCl 4 -induced liver and kidney damage in albino rats.
Journal of Coastal Life Medicine, 2016
All experimental procedures involving animals were conducted in accordance to Ethical Committee on the Use and Care of Animals of Al-Hikmah University Ilorin and approved by Ethical Committee. The journal implements double-blind peer review practiced by specially invited international editorial board members. Objective: To investigate the effect of leaf aqueous extract from Gongronema latifolium (G. latifolium) on CCl 4 induced-oxidative stress in Wistar rat. This effect was assessed by measuring liver marker enzymes activity, analyzing the antioxidant parameters, lipid profile estimation and lipid peroxidation by-product following CCl 4 induced-oxidative stress. Methods: Milled G. latifolium leaves were subjected to aqueous extraction and the filtrate was evaporated between 40-60 °C under reduced pressure and a calculated volume of the leaf extract was administered at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. Thirty-five rats were grouped into seven groups of 5 animals each namely; control and experimental groups. The experimental groups were treated with 2.0 mL/kg body weight CCl 4 , 25 mg/kg body weight/ day silymarin (a standard hepatoprotective antioxidant), 500 mg/kg body weight aqueous extract of G. latifolium leaves were administered to the CCl 4 treated rats for 21 days. Results: Administration of the extract and silymarin increase significantly (P < 0.05) in liver marker enzyme (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase) activities in serum, liver and kidney in the treated groups when compared with untreated groups. The antioxidant parameters (catalase, peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase) were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in animals treated with the extract and silymarin in comparison with untreated groups. CCl 4 induced oxidative stress mediated variations in total cholesterol, triacylglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were restored significantly (P < 0.05) by the extract. Conclusions: The result obtained from this study indicated the antioxidant and antidyslipidemic potentials of the aqueous extract of G. latifolium leaves.