Flood risk and mitigation strategies in the southeastern suburbs of Fez City (Morocco) (original) (raw)
Related papers
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 2016
Moroccan Pre-Saharan zone is an oasis system, which it is characterised by extreme events, like drought and flood. The flood risks will likely increases in frequency and magnitude due to global and regional climate change. Flood tends to have an important impact on isolated and poor regions such as oasis regions. This paper aims the analysis of applicability of Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI) in pre-Saharan region of Morocco. The FVI, it is a numerical index that reflects the status of a region's flood vulnerability. It was determined for four components social, economic, physical, and environmental. These components can help to assist to propose strategies for improvement of the holistic system. For this study five sub-catchments were selected: Upper Draa Valley (UDV), Middle Draa Valley (MDV), Tata sub-catchment, Guelmim sub-catchment and Tafilalt subcatchment; and five urban areas, Ouarzazate, Zagora, Tata, Guelmim and Errachidia. A comparative analysis of the results from thus areas allows us to assess the applicability of the FVI. The overall FVI for these areas was determined by the calculating and standardisation of 36 indicators for each sub-catchment scale and 34 for each urban scale.
Flood Risk Reduction and Climate Change in Large Cities South of the Sahara
Springer Climate, 2014
In the region south of the Sahara, flooding is the most common natural hazard. Large cities are increasingly affected: 7 in the 1980s, 27 in the 1990s, 37 in the 2000s, and 7 more since 2010. Although many studies link this trend to climate change, our understanding of natural events is still too fragmentary to allow us to appreciate the correlation between precipitation and floods. When attempting to bridge this gap, we should also consider how rainfall affects a city’s entire watershed (which can be quite extensive). By contrast, the impact of flooding on places, goods, and people is much better understood. Such effects can be so extreme as to bring the economies of large cities to their knees. Over time, the concept of risk as a product of hazard and vulnerability has expanded to include exposure and climate change adaptation. Mapping flood risk is the first step towards identifying adaptation measures, yet only one of the 11 large cities most affected by floods has a detailed flood risk map. Three of the 11 have adopted climate change adaptation strategies and plans. The remaining eight cities use an array of tools whose impact on flood risk reduction is not yet detectable.
Analysis of the Vulnerability of the City of Batna (Algeria) to Flooding
2016
The objective of this research paper is to estimate the vulnerability of the city of Batna to flooding. A multi-criteria analysis has been performed in a geographic information system (GIS) by integrating several features relating to socio-economic stakes with the aim of better understanding, assessing and spatializing the level of vulnerability in the city. Therefore, we have used a customised index approach where each parameter is a numerical index indicating the importance of the stakes, resulting in a code to be used for the modelling.
Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering: DPRI reports, 2021
In arid areas, flash floods represent one of the most severe hazards for people and infrastructure alike. The associated risks are compounded by increasing exposure and vulnerability through rapid and unregulated urbanization, poor infrastructure, and sociocultural factors, among other elements. This research explores the flash flooding risk in the Saudi Arabian city of Jeddah with a particular focus on the Abruq Ar Rughamah neighborhood, which experienced a destructive flood in November 2009 that resulted in 116 deaths and 1,200 families becoming homeless. The neighborhood is an interesting case study as it has two distinctive urban layouts representing planned and irregular settlement types. In this paper, the focus is placed on exposure to flash flood hazards using a geographic information system to study urban layouts, building types, and resident populations in conjunction with data from satellites, flood mapping studies, and topographic data. The results show that most of the ...
Urban vulnerability and resiliency over water related risks: a case study from Algiers
Water Science and Technology, 2015
The ad hoc management of natural environmental features and inappropriate social interventions could cause vulnerability of thriving urban ecosystems. For instance sub-aerial exposure, water-related hazards, urban intrinsic sensitivity, urban adaptation ability or flexibility and urban transformability factors could contribute a potential danger. In spite of seasonal climatic changes, the exposure indicates a significant geographical determinism whereas the other factors express its antithesis. The present paper aims to adapt a vulnerability-resilience indicators' multicriteria analysis to show the variability and contribution rate with regard to local water-related risks. The municipality of al-Harrash from Algiers has been selected as a case study. The urban vulnerability-resilience closely tied up with a sum of relevant indicators confirmed by the diagnosis items, which are relevant to the local urban and hydro systems. The cumulative sums are obtained from a classification process referring to several criteria implied in the water-related risks. These were formulated here for the purpose of a multicriteria analysis with the objective of assessing the urban vulnerabilityresilience index and subsequently orientating the preventive strategy towards different levels of sustainable measures. With this respect the exposure and sensitivity received a significant score while adaptation ability and transformability scored very low.
ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2017
Today, the prevention and the risk management occupy an important part of public policy activities and are considered as major components in the process of sustainable development of territories. Due to the expansion of IT processes, in particular the geomatics sciences, decision-makers are increasingly requesting for digital tools before, during and after the risks of natural disasters. Both, the geographic information system (GIS) and the remote sensing are considered as geospatial and fundamental tools which help to understand the evolution of risks, to analyze their temporality and to make the right decisions. The historic events (on 1996, 2002 and 2010) which struck the city of Mohammedia and having caused the consequent damage to vital infrastructure and private property, require a thorough and rational analyze to benefit from it and well manage the floods phenomena. This article present i) the contribution of the geospatial tools for the floods simulation of Oued of el Maleh city at various return periods. These tools allow the demarcation of flood-risk areas and so to make floods simulations in several scenarios (decadal flood, 20-year flood, 50-year flood, 100-year flood, 500-year flood & also millennial flood) and besides (ii) present a synthesis map combining the territorial stakes superposed on the flood scenarios at different periods of return.
Flash flooding as a threat to settlements even in remote areas
Environment & Urbanization, 2016
Desert environments are subject to flash floods in wadi floors, which may occur only once every decade or two in a given wadi (dry channels or valleys, except during rains). In areas of rapid growth, flood-prone areas can become urbanized in the time between floods. Being flat and constituted of sandy sediments, unlike the surrounding terrain, wadi floors are often used for construction, exposing the new settlements to flood risks. We present a case study of the town of El-Sheikh El-Shazli, in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, which has undergone increasingly rapid development over the past two decades. The town is named for an important 13th-century Sufi leader whose shrine receives thousands of visitors annually. We document the extent and effects of the last flash flood (1996) from interviews, field measurement of flood debris, and patterns in satellite imagery; these show the extent of new development in flood-prone wadi floors and the potential risks to residents and visitors in the absence of proper planning. We then recommend measures to reduce the future loss of life and damage from flooding.
Flood risk modeling in the watershed of Charâa stream, Province of Berkane (North-Eastern Morocco)
E3S Web of Conferences, 2021
The knowledge on floods in Morocco is sporadic and scattered between historical writings and natural events following each other in time and space. In this context, the identification of areas likely to be affected by floods is essential for better management of this risk. The present study aims to model the floods at the level of the two sides of the Charâa stream (the side of Berkane and Sidi Slimane Charâ). The methodology followed in this modeling consists of determining the geomorphology of the watershed and studying its hydrology. 2D hydraulic modeling by Iber software makes it possible to follow the Spatio-temporal evolution of the characteristics of a flood. In addition, it allows us to map the hazard. Furthermore, to assess vulnerability to flooding, we referred to land use (physical vulnerability) to study the behavior of runoff water in the face of socioeconomic issues such as buildings, facilities, and the road network. The results showed that: (1) - A predominance of hi...
International Journal of Innovative Studies in Sociology and Humanities, 2023
Human and natural factors play a decisive role in the water problem in the Algerian city, especially in light of global climate changes. Our study of the city of Tebessa, located in the high semi-arid eastern plains, on the Algerian-Tunisian border, comes to shed light on the impact of these factors, the human factor (population growth, the doubling of the urban environment in 2020, over-exploitation of groundwater), and the climatic (climatic characteristics of thermal changes and changes In the amounts of precipitation, and the water balance) on the water problem (water scarcity, floods) and its implications for the future of the city's population: the risk of displacement due to scarcity on the one hand, and the risk of exposing the urban fabric to floods, which causes material and human losses and a future social challenge for its residents. This work relied on collecting and revising climatic data from the weather station in the city, and then analyzing it according to a descriptive analytical approach by adopting statistical laws from one side and the other, with regard to climate science, and the use of GIS software (Geographical Information System) to prepare some maps. The study showed the seriousness of the problem of water scarcity, the low groundwater level, and the large deficit in the water balance. It also showed the reality of the future social challenge that the city suffers from, represented in the repercussions of the excessive exploitation of groundwater by the city's residents, which is what we mean by the recorded deficit in drinking water. Thus, the study represents a work base for the city authorities to mitigate the repercussions of water scarcity on the one hand and the danger of floods on its residents on the other hand.