Phytochemical Screening and Analgesic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Plant Murdania Nudiflora (L) Brenan (Commelinaceae) in Albino Mice Using Hot Plate Method (original) (raw)
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2013
Muntingia calabura (Elaeocarpaceae) is known as “Buah Ceri Kampung” locally. It has been claimed by the Peruvian folklore to possess medicinal values such as analgesic, which include soothing gastric ulcers, relieving headache and cold and reducing swelling of the prostate gland. This study focuses on evaluating the antinociceptive effects of the extract of the leaves of Muntingia calabura using formalin-induced licking and biting test. In the present study, activity-guided of the methanol extract of Muntingia calabura (MCME) collected in Shah Alam, Malaysia were evaluated for their antinociceptive properties using the formalin test. Seven fractions of Muntingia calabura petroleum ether extract (MCPE) were labeled as A, B, C, D, E, F and G. The antinociceptive properties of the fractions were studied in comparison to distilled water (dFbO) or 10% Dimethyl Sulfoside (DMSO), morphine and aspirin (ASA) as negative and positive control respectively. Fraction D showed most significant an...
2021
Objective: The present study aims to scientifically validate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activities of Mussaenda erythrophylla. Methods: The leaves were excised from the plant, sliced into small pieces, shade dried, and powdered. The powder was extracted with hydro alcohol, concentrated under reduced pressure and the crude extract was referred to as ME. The analgesic, antiinflammatory, and anti-pyretic activity of ME were analyzed in Wistar rats and Swiss albino mice. Results: The results revealed that the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Mussaenda erythrophylla showed a dose-dependent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activity, which was comparable to the standards, Morphine, Aspirin, Indomethacin, Dexamethasone, and paracetamol respectively. Conclusion: The results of the current study reveal that Mussaenda erythrophylla possesses significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activities. Suresh Arumugam1*, Abijith Rajendren R1, ...
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012
Muntingia calaburaL. (family Elaeocarpaceae) has been traditionally used to relieve various pain-related ailments. The present study aimed to determine the antinociceptive activity of methanol extract ofM. calaburaleaves (MEMC) and to elucidate the possible mechanism of antinociception involved. Thein vivochemicals (acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and formalin-, capsaicin-, glutamate-, serotonin-induced paw licking test) and thermal (hot plate test) models of nociception were used to evaluate the extract antinociceptive activity. The extract (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) was administered orally 60 min prior to subjection to the respective test. The results obtained demonstrated that MEMC produced significant (P<0.05) antinociceptive response in all the chemical- and thermal-induced nociception models, which was reversed after pretreatment with 5 mg/kg naloxone, a non-selective opioid antagonist. Furthermore, pretreatment with L-arginine (a nitric oxide (NO) donor), NG-nitr...
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014
Background: Muntingia calabura (Elaecoparceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used, particularly, by the Peruvian people to alleviate headache and cold, pain associated with gastric ulcers or to reduce the prostate gland swelling. Following the recent establishment of antinociceptive activity of M. calabura leaf, the present study was performed to further elucidate on the possible mechanisms of antinociception involved. Methods: The methanol extract of M. calabura (MEMC) was prepared in the doses of 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg. The role of bradykinin, protein kinase C, pottasium channels, and various opioid and non-opioid receptors in modulating the extract's antinociceptive activity was determined using several antinociceptive assays. Results are presented as Mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). The one-way ANOVA test with Dunnett's multiple comparison was used to analyze and compare the data, with P < 0.05 as the limit of significance. Results: The MEMC, at all doses, demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in both the bradykinin-and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced nociception. Pretreatment of the 500 mg/kg MEMC with 10 mg/kg glibenclamide (an ATP-sensitive K + channel inhibitor), the antagonist of μ-, δand κ-opioid receptors (namely 10 mg/kg β-funaltrexamine, 1 mg/kg naltrindole and 1 mg/kg nor-binaltorphimine), and the non-opioid receptor antagonists (namely 3 mg/kg caffeine (a non-selective adenosinergic receptor antagonist), 0.15 mg/kg yohimbine (an α 2-noradrenergic antagonist), and 1 mg/kg pindolol (a β-adrenoceptor antagonist)) significantly (p < 0.05) reversed the MEMC antinociception. However, 10 mg/kg atropine (a non-selective cholinergic receptor antagonist), 0.15 mg/kg prazosin (an α 1-noradrenergic antagonist) and 20 mg/kg haloperidol (a non-selective dopaminergic antagonist) did not affect the extract's antinociception. The phytochemicals screening revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenes while the HPLC analysis showed the presence of flavonoid-based compounds. Conclusions: The antinociceptive activity of MEMC involved activation of the non-selective opioid (particularly the μ-, δand κ-opioid) and non-opioid (particularly adenosinergic, α 2-noradrenergic, and β-adrenergic) receptors, modulation of the ATP-sensitive K + channel, and inhibition of bradikinin and protein kinase C actions. The discrepancies in MEMC antinociception could be due to the presence of various phytochemicals.
Potential Activity of Medicinal Plants as Pain Modulators: A Review
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2021
This review aims to demonstrate the relevance that medicinal plants and their promising results have in prevention and treatment of pain. The neurophysiological bases of pain have been analyzed and the potential mechanisms of action have been proposed, it has also been determined that the main experimental models used for the evaluation of the analgesic potential are: acetic acid-induced writhing test, formalin test, hot-plate test, capsaicin-induced nociception, cinnamaldehyde-induced nociception, glutamate-induced nociception, tail-flick test and tail immersion test. There are countless medicinal plants with potential analgesic activity, in some of them main responsible compounds for the activity are flavonoids (vitexin, quercetin, naringenin, astragalin, eupatilin), alkaloids (scotanamine B, bullatine A, S-(+)dicentrine, stephalagine, lappaconitine), terpenoids (p-cymene, thymol, menthol, citronellol, myrcene, carvacrol, linalool) and saponins (siolmatroside I, cayaponoside D, cayaponoside B4, cayaponoside A1); however, all studies have only been carried out up to pre-clinical stages. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out kinetic studies of the most remarkable natural compounds, evaluate mixtures of active compounds for diminishing doses to avoide possible side effects, and continue with clinical studies of medicinal plants whose safety has already been reported.
Potential Activity of Medicinal Plants as Pain Modulators
This review aims to demonstrate the relevance that medicinal plants and their promising results have in prevention and treatment of pain. The neurophysiological bases of pain have been analyzed and the potential mechanisms of action have been proposed, it has also been determined that the main experimental models used for the evaluation of the analgesic potential are: acetic acid-induced writhing test, formalin test, hot-plate test, capsaicin-induced nociception, cinnamaldehyde-induced nociception, glutamate-induced nociception, tail-flick test and tail immersion test. There are countless medicinal plants with potential analgesic activity, in some of them main responsible compounds for the activity are flavonoids (vitexin, quercetin, naringenin, astragalin, eupatilin), alkaloids (scotanamine B, bullatine A, S-(+)dicentrine, stephalagine, lappaconitine), terpenoids (p-cymene, thymol, menthol, citronellol, myrcene, carvacrol, linalool) and saponins (siolmatroside I, cayaponoside D, cayaponoside B4, cayaponoside A1); however, all studies have only been carried out up to pre-clinical stages. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out kinetic studies of the most remarkable natural compounds, evaluate mixtures of active compounds for diminishing doses to avoide possible side effects, and continue with clinical studies of medicinal plants whose safety has already been reported.
PLOS ONE, 2016
We analyzed the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of total flavonoids (TF) found in black mulberry fruits. The TF content was 20.9 mg/g (dry weight). Two anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (8.3 mg/g) and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside (2.9 mg/g), were identified in the fruits by UPLC. The TF of black mulberry fruits had significant reducing power and radical (OH-, O :À 2 , DPPH and ABTS) scavenging activities that was demonstrated in a dose-response curve. The TF had inhibitory activities on xylene-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. In addition, TF had antinociceptive activities in the two nociceptive phases of formalin test. We used ELISA to detect the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and NO in the serum of mice. These cytokines were significantly inhibited or scavenged by TF (50 and 100 mg/kg). The results demonstrated that TF of black mulberry possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects that might correlate to its antioxidant activities and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Medical Principles and Practice, 2007
Objective: The present study was carried out to investigate the antinociceptive activity of the aqueous extract of Muntingia calabura (MCAE) leaves and to determine the effect of temperature and the involvement of the opioid receptor on the said activity using the abdominal constriction test (ACT) and hot-plate test (HPT) in mice. Materials and Methods: The extract was prepared by soaking the dried powdered leaves of M. calabura in distilled water (dH2O) overnight, and the supernatant obtained was considered as a stock solution with 100% concentration. The stock solution was diluted to 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100% and used to determine the antinociceptive activity of MCAE. A further experiment was done with 50% concentration to determine the effect of temperature and naloxone involvement of the opioid receptor system in MCAE antinociceptive activity. Results: At the various concentrations MCAE showed significant antinociceptive activity in both tests. However, the concentration-dependent a...
Screening of ten medicinal plants of Bangladesh for analgesic activity on Swiss-albino mice
Bangladesh is a good repository of medicinal plants, which contribute a lot to the healthcare management of the local people. In order to explore the pain-relieving potentiality of some indigenous plants of Bangladesh, ten plants were selected initially and screened out for analgesic activity. For this case, plants were extracted with 95 % methanol and then assayed by acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion methods for peripheral analgesic action and by formalin-induced pain method for central analgesic action in Swiss-albino mice model. Plant extracts were orally administered to the mice at 400 mg/kg body weight for this evaluation. In this study, Justicia gendarussa, Musaenda philippica, Steudnera virosa, Trewia polycarpa, Hydnocarpus kurzii and Nymphaea nouchali might be considered as promising analgesic candidate among the tested plants.