The Correlates of Body Mass Index and Risk Factors for Being Overweight Among Preschoolers With Motor Delay (original) (raw)
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Infant Overweight Is Associated with Delayed Motor Development
Journal of Pediatrics, 2010
Objective To examine how infant overweight and high subcutaneous fat relate to infant motor development. Study design Participants were from the Infant Care, Feeding, and Risk of Obesity Project, a prospective, longitudinal study of low-income African-American mother-infant dyads assessed from 3 to 18 months of age (836 observations on 217 infants). Exposures were overweight (weight-for-length z-score $90th percentile of 2000 Centers for Disease Control/National Center for Health Statistics growth reference) and high subcutaneous fat (sum of 3 skinfold measurements >90th percentile of our sample). Motor development was assessed by using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II. Developmental delay was characterized as a standardized Psychomotor Development Index score <85. Longitudinal models estimated developmental outcomes as functions of time-varying overweight and subcutaneous fat, controlling for age and sex. Alternate models tested concurrent and lagged relationships (earlier weight or subcutaneous fat predicting current motor development).
Body Mass Index and Motor Status of Preschool Children
Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН, 2020
The purpose of this study is to establish the existence of gender differences in motor skills in the preschool period as well as to check their nutritional status. The classification of their nutritional status has been performed based on their body mass index (BMI), based on the percentile values according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (2000). Total sample consisted of 188 examinees with average values of body height (BH=124.59 cm±5.76) and body weight (BW=24.32 kg±3.11) with average age of 6.39±0.44 years, out which boys (N=107) and girls (N=81). Non-experimental research design, ex post facto correlation research plan, has been used. The battery with seven motor tests according to Bala and Popović (2007), has been used in this research. The study results show that the prevalence of malnourished children is 10.64%, well nourished 72.34%, tending to become obese 9.57% and obese children 7.44%, also with the existing gender difference in motor abilities in favour of...
Special Needs Children Nutritional Status with Gross Motor Delay Age 0-6 Years: An Overview
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Malnutrition and disability are major global health problems. Malnutrition can cause to a variety of disabilities, and disability can contribute to malnutrition. This study aims to overview of special needs children nutritional status with gross motor delay age 0-6 years in the Regional Psychiatric Hospital of Sungai Bangkong. The design of this study was a cross-sectional descriptive study on 54 children with special needs in Psychiatric Hospital Sungai Bangkong Pontianak. The results showed that special needs children nutritional status in Down Syndrome is normal (63,7%), severely wasted (9,1%), wasted (27,3%). Cerebral Palsy obtained (50,0%) normal, wasted (33,3%), severely wasted (16,7%). Gross motor delay is (63,0%) normal, (14,8%) wasted, (3,7%) severely wasted, (11,1%) are possible risk of overweight, (3,7%) overweight, (3,7%) obesity. ADHD have normal nutritional status (100%). PDD NOS have wasted (33,3%), normal (33,3%), overweight (33,3%). This shows conclusion that red fl...
Motor fitness and preschooler children obesity status
Journal of sports sciences, 2016
The aim of this study was to examine the association between motor fitness (MF) and obesity status in preschool children. The sample comprised 467 children aged 3-6 years. Preschool children body mass index was classified according to International Obesity Task Force and categorised into three levels, normal, overweight and obesity. Total physical activity was assessed by accelerometer and MF test was assessed through two MF tests 10 × 5m shuttle run test (SRT) and a 7 m jumping distance on 2 feet test (J2F). Low MF was considered for MF if SD above 1. A single variable with three categories was created: low MF medium MF and high MF. The prevalence of normal weight, overweight and obesity was 67.6%, 22.7% and 9.7%, respectively. The prevalence of SD > 1 for SRT was 13.7% and 14.4% for J2F, for single variable was 19.2%. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that obese preschoolers were more likely six times classified as having low MF level than their non-overweight coun...
Body Mass Index in the Early Years in Relation to Motor Coordination at the Age of 5–7 Years
Sports
Physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) are consistently associated with motor coordination (MC) in children. However, we know very little how BMI in early childhood associates with MC later in childhood. This study investigated associations between BMI in early childhood and BMI, PA, and MC in middle childhood. Children aged 5 to 7 years (n = 64, 32 girls) were measured for MC using Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK) and for moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) using triaxial accelerometers. Prevailing body weight and height were measured, and information on weight and height in early years was based on parental report of child health care report cards. Age-adjusted BMI z scores were calculated on the basis of international growth curve references. Associations and the explained variability of MC were investigated by Pearson correlations and a hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Age and MVPA were found to be significantly associated with MC at middle childhood, in general. BMI z at middle childhood and at ages 4 and 5 years inversely explained 12% (p < 0.05), 6% (p > 0.05), and 7% (p > 0.05) of the variation in MC in girls after adjusting for covariates, respectively. In boys, BMI z scores did not show any trend of association with MC. This study suggests sex-specific mechanisms in the interplay between BMI and motor development in childhood.
2015
Objective: The aims of this study were to determine metabolic characteristics of normal weight and overweight 2-5 year old children and to collect data pertinent to energy intake. Design and methods: Study participants (2-5years) (n=103) were recruited when they arrived for full mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia. Height and weight were measured. After induction of anesthesia, waist circumference was measured and fasting bloods drawn (lipids, glucose, insulin and CRP). BMI, WCHtR and HOMAIR were calculated. Metabolic and anthropometric characteristics were compared between normal and overweight children. Statistical comparisons were performed using two-sided t-tests or chi-square test. Block food frequency questionnaires were completed by the caretakers. Results: 34.4% (n =33) of participants were overweight. WCHtR was 0.05 units higher and both LDL and total cholesterol were high in the overweight group. WCHtR positively correlated with BMI z-score, WC, HOMA-IR, insulin,...
Association between Body Composition and Motor Performance in Preschool Children
Obesity Facts
Being overweight makes physical movement more difficult. Our aim was to investigate the association between body composition and motor performance in preschool children. Methods: A total of 476 predominantly normal-weight preschool children (age 3.9 ± 0.7 years; m/f: 251/225; BMI 16.0 ± 1.4 kg/m 2) participated in the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY). Body composition assessments included skinfold thickness, waist circumference (WC), and BMI. The Zurich Neuromotor Assessment (ZNA) was used to assess gross and fine motor tasks. Results: After adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status, sociocultural characteristics, and physical activity (assessed with accelerometers), skinfold thickness and WC were both inversely correlated with jumping sideward (gross motor task β-coefficient
The Relationship Between Motor Skill Proficiency and Body Mass Index in Preschool Children
Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2011
I n recent years, the nearly ubiquitous observation that individuals are becoming more overweight and obese has serious implications for the health and well being of future generations. The prevalence of obesity in adults has increased from 15% to 32.9% since the late 1970s (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2007). Some evidence points to a relationship between childhood and adult obesity. Individuals who are overweight and obese in childhood are more likely to stay overweight and obese through adolescence and into adulthood (Nader et al., 2006). Research has estimated that 13.9% of children ages 2-5 years are currently obese (CDC, 2007), and 12.6% of girls and 15.1% of boys ages 2-5 years may be overweight (Ogden, Carroll, & Curtin, 2006). Although more recent statistics suggest that from 1999 to 2008 obesity among children and adolescents has remained relatively stable, the high prevalence is still of significant concern (Ogden, Carroll, Curtin, Lamb, & Flegal, 2010). Children who are overweight and obese do not typically exhibit medical symptoms or conditions, but the underlying physiological changes that may lead to conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and Type 2 diabetes, begin in this early stage of development (Daniels, 2006). Overweight and obese individuals are more likely to experience social and emotional consequences, which include depression and difficulty in establishing peer relationships (Daniels, 2006). Due to the link between childhood and adult obesity, as well as the health consequences for overweight or obese children, efforts to better understand the roots of this epidemic are essential. Physical activity levels are a potential cause of obesity and have received empirical attention
Relationship of body mass index with some motor abilities of preschool children
Zdravje otrok in mladostnikov / Health of Children and Adolescents, 2022
Introduction and purpose: The body mass index (BMI) is a rough, but the most commonly used indicator for determining children's nutrition. It is an indicator of body composition, which can also affect motor abilities, which are to some extent innate but are also highly dependent on the environment in which the child lives. The study aimed to determine the relationship between body mass index and explosive leg power, balance, and coordination of children in the preschool period. Methods: The sample included seventy-five 5-6-year-old preschool children, for whom we measured some motor skills (long jump from the city, onelegged jumps on the left leg, one-legged jumps on the right leg, walking through hoops back, walking backwards on the shaft, rotating around its axis, standing on one leg with open eyes) with the help of motor tests and calculated BMI (body mass index). This represents the ratio between the value of body height and body weight. By the doctrine of the World Health Organization (BMI-forage 5-19 years), BMI was classified into three categories: normal body weight (N = 54), overweight (N = 5), and obesity (N = 16). To analyze the relationship between BMI and the results of motor tests of explosive power, and between the motor balance tests and the results of motor coordination tests, we calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: In the category of normal body weight, in the calculations of motor tests, a negative insignificant correlation was detected between the variables BMI and the results of motor tests of explosive leg power (r =-0.059). Thus, as the value of one variable (BMI value) increases, the value of the other (the result of motor tests of the explosive leg power) decreases. A negative insignificant correlation (r =-0.013) is also observed in this category between BMI variables and the result of motor balance tests. A weak correlation (r = 0.264) can be observed between BMI variables and the result of motor coordination tests in the overweight category. There is also a slight correlation in this
Is Body Fat Mass Associated with Worse Gross Motor Skills in Preschoolers?
2020
Objectives: To compare the motor competence of overweight/obese preschoolers with eutrophic peers with a similar level of physical activity, sex, age, socioeconomic status, maternal education, quality of the home environment and quality of the school environment, and to verify the association of body fat mass with gross motor skills in preschoolers.Design: Quantitative, exploratory, cross-sectional study design.Methods: Forty-nine children, aged 3 to 5 years old, from public schools in a Brazilian city were classified into eutrophic and overweight/obese groups.Results: Overweight/obese preschoolers had worse Locomotor subtest standard scores than their eutrophic peers (p = 0.01), but similar skills, Object Control subtest scores and Gross Motor Quotient (p > 0.05). Excess body fat mass explained 13% of the low Locomotor subtest standard scores in preschoolers (R2 = 0.13; p = 0.007).Conclusion: Excess body fat mass is associated with worse locomotor performance when the model is a...