Pelletization Techniques. The Pharma Review (original) (raw)

An Outline of Variables in Pelletization by Extrusion and Spheronization

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics

Pelletization is an agglomeration process which converts fine granules or powders of bulk drugs into small, free-flowing, spherical units, known as pellets. The pelletization can be achieved either through agitation, compaction (extrusion-spheronization), drug layering and globulation. Among the various pelletization techniques extrusion–spheronization process is preferred over other methods for the preparation of pellets as it allows the incorporation of the higher amount of drug, modified physical characteristics of the drug (density, sphericity, narrow size distribution, smoother surface) and multiple drugs can be easily combined in the same unit. This current review summarizes the findings or investigations by the researchers on various variables, including process parameters, equipment parameters and formulation parameters influencing the quality of pellets. The article also focuses on process optimization and additives used in pellets formulation. To prepare the current review...

AN OUTLINE OF VARIABLES IN PELLETIZATION BY EXTRUSION AND SPHERONIZATION Review Article

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2020

Pelletization is an agglomeration process which converts fine granules or powders of bulk drugs into small, free-flowing, spherical units, known as pellets. The pelletization can be achieved either through agitation, compaction (extrusion-spheronization), drug layering and globulation. Among the various pelletization techniques extrusion-spheronization process is preferred over other methods for the preparation of pellets as it allows the incorporation of the higher amount of drug, modified physical characteristics of the drug (density, sphericity, narrow size distribution, smoother surface) and multiple drugs can be easily combined in the same unit. This current review summarizes the findings or investigations by the researchers on various variables, including process parameters, equipment parameters and formulation parameters influencing the quality of pellets. The article also focuses on process optimization and additives used in pellets formulation. To prepare the current review search criterion used was the parameters affecting final pellet characterization in the extrusion spheronization process. The sources were peer-reviewed relevant scientific articles of recognized journals. Keywords used as filters were extrusion, spheronization, formulation parameters, process parameters, equipment parameters, moisture content, granulating liquid, drying rate, extrusion temperature, spheronizer load, pelletization. Literature survey has been done in a range of years (1992-2019) regarding the various variables of the extrusion spheronization process, which affects and has foremost impact on the final quality of pellets so as to make the review updated and comprehensive.

Controlled-Release Pelletized Dosage Forms Using the Extrusion-Spheronization Process

Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2010

Pellets, which are multiple-unit dosage systems, have the several therapeutic advantages over single-unit dosage systems in oral drug delivery. This review focuses on the current status and explores extrusion-spheronization technique with special attention to controlled-release application of pellets including coated pellets for delayed release formulations, coated pellets for colon delivery, coated pellets for sustained drug delivery, sustained-release matrix pellets, pellets compressed into tablets, bioadhesive pellets, floating pellets, and pelletization with solubilization techniques.

Pellets and Pelletization Techniques: A Review

2017

Pelletization is an agglomeration process that converts fine powders or granules of bulk drugs and excipients into small, free flowing, spherical or semi-spherical units, referred to as pellets. This review outlines manufacturing of spherical pellets. The manufacturing techniques include Drug layering, Extrusion-Spheronization, Cryopelletization, Compression, Balling, Hot-Melt Extrusion Technology, Freeze pelletization, Spray-drying & Spray-congealing. Factors affecting pelletization technique and advantages, disadvantages of pellets are discussed.

A Comprehensive Review On Pelletization Technology: A Novel Strategy For Formulation Development

The Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicinal Research, 2021

Pelletization technology is gaining very much attention in present times as it has provided a competent pathway for the oral drug delivery system manufacturing. Pellets offers many biopharmaceuticals as well as technological recompenses over the conventional dosage forms. Pellets offer required strength for dose which can be blended for the delivery of incompatible bioactive agents and helps in providing different release profiles. In this review we will be discussing the extensively used techniques of pelletization, extrusion and spheronization in detail with their methods and applications in the field of pharmacy as a competent pathway for the novel drug delivery systems.

MULTIPLE UNIT DOSAGE FORM -PELLET AND PELLETIZATION TECHNIQUES: AN OVERVIEW

Pellets have been used in the pharmaceutical industry for more than four decades, with the advent of controlled release technology, that the full impact of the inherent advantages of pellets over single unit dosage forms have been realized, not only has focused on refining and optimizing existing pelletization techniques, but also focused on the development of novel approaches and procedures for manufacturing of pellets. The present review outlines the manufacturing and evaluation of pellets. There are various types of pelletization techniques like spheronization and extrusion, pelletization by layering, pelletization by solution layering & direct pelletization. The techniques namely extrusion-spheronization, hot melt extrusion, freeze pelletization, cryopelletization have been discussed along with parameters affecting pelletization.

Pelletization Techniques for Oral Drug Delivery

Multiparticulates are discrete particles that make up a multiple unit system. Although pellets have been used in the pharmaceutical industry for more than four decades, with the advent of controlled release technology, that the full impact of the inherent advantages of pellets over single unit dosage forms have been realized, not only has focused on refining and optimizing existing pelletization techniques, but also focused on the development of novel approaches and procedures for manufacturing of pellets. The present review outlines the manufacturing and evaluation of pellets. The manufacturing techniques include layering, cryopelletization, freeze pelletization, extrusion spheronization and hot melt extrusion have been discussed. Characterization of pellets is discussed with reference to the particle size distribution, surface area, porosity, density, hardness, friability and tensile strength of pellets.

Multi Unit Drug Delivery System - A Brief Review of Pelletization Technique

2014

At present time pharmaceutical research and development showing its interest on drug delivery.Which enhances therapeutic action while minimising side effect. Use of multi-particulate is the gift of that research which achieve delayed or controlled release with low risk of dose dumping, flexibility of blending to attain different release pattern as well as reproducible and short gastric residence time.Pelletization is a novel approach for the formation of spherical beads or pellets from fine powder or blend in order to develop site specific drug delivery system. Different techniques of pelletization such as suspension/solution layering, extrusion and spheronisation, cryopelletization etc. can be used for the formation of multi particulate drug delivery system. In order to provide extended or delayed release formulation, thus extending the frontier of future pharmaceutical development.

Influence of microstructure on drug release from extrusion-spheronization pellets

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2010

The microporous structure of pellets produced by extrusion-spheronization is the outcome of the combination of all the variables involved in the process, including composition and every technological step. Frequently, the result of such a combination of variables is complex and barely studied, and thus there is still a paucity of information regarding the influence of the microporous structure on features as relevant as mechanical resistance, adhesion to substrates and, importantly, drug release kinetics. This review aims to gain an insight into these issues through an analysis of the studies carried out in recent years on this topic. These include the microstructure and drug release behavior of conventional pellets based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and matrix pellets based on acrylic polymers (Carbopol), all of them prepared by extrusion-spheronization. These topics are examined in detail and, when possible, correlations between parameters are highlighted. Examples of the incidence of pellet microstructure on the features of tablets are also given.

Pelletization techniques: Novel approach for drug delivery

The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2017

Pellets are the agglomeration of small free flowing spherical particulates of fine powder or granules of bulk drug and excipients. Conventional immediate drug delivery is based on single/multiple unit reservoir or matrix system. The different polymers used with the superdisintegrants as pelletization aid in immediate release pellets like β–cyclodextrins, carrageenan, starches, chitosan, powdered cellulose, pectinic acids etc. Immediate drug delivery is suitable for drugs having poorly water soluble and belongs to BCS class–II. The different categories of drugs like H2 – receptor antagonists, antacids, NSAID’s, antilipidemic and diuretics etc. are studied with different variables by suitable techniques for better physical properties and it is characterized by different methods.