Spatial distribution of soil erosion and sediment yield in the Pra River Basin (original) (raw)
Related papers
2015
There has been an upsurge of uncontrolled land use activities in the Pra River Basin in Ghana which are likely to promote surface soil erosion into the fluvial sediment transport system of the basin. The revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) was integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) to model the spatial patterns in soil erosion and sediment yield in 2008 within the catchment. Parameters of the model were formatted as raster layers and multiplied using the raster calculator module in ArcGIS to produce a soil erosion map. The concept of sediment delivery ratio (SDR) was used to determine the annual sediment yield of the catchment by integrating a raster SDR layer with that of the soil erosion map. Predicted soil loss and sediment yield were found to be low due to good soil protective cover by vegetation and tree crops as well as a low relief of the physical landscape. Though, the elements and processes prevailing in the basin in 2008 result in low surface soil ero...
Determination of Soil Erosion Vulnerability in the Lafa Basin of Ghana using RUSLE and GIS
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2020
Soil erosion is the wearing away of the land surface by physical forces such as rainfall, flowing water, wind, temperature change, gravity, or other natural or anthropogenic agents. Soil erosion is one of the key variables used to assess and appreciate land degradation. The increased soil erosion in some portions of Lafa basin of Ghana has led to siltation of the river channel that is causing flooding in some parts of Accra, Ghana. Lafa basin is the most urbanised basin in Ghana. The objective of this study is to use Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RULSE) model and Geographical Information System (GIS) tool to determine the potential and actual soil erosion in the Lafa basin. Rainfall erosivity (R), slope length-steepness (LS), soil erodibility (K), cover management (C) and conversation practice (P) were used to generate soil erosion map and also Normalised Difference Vegetation Difference (NDVI) map from Landsat 7 image was generated to help produce cover management factor map. The model predicted 130 t/ha/yr and 51 t/ha/yr for potential and actual soil erosion of the study area, respectively. According to the model, most parts of the study area was not at risk to soil erosion although a few portions show very severe to highly severe soil erosion risks. The method developed can utilise existing data and provide results that are useful to managers when taking decisions about the management of land resources in the basin.
GEOSPATIAL MODELLING OF SOIL EROSION IN ZARIA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE -NIGERIA
The devastating effects of soil erosion on man, food and the environment in different parts of the world cannot be quantified. This study thus, modelled soil erosion using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Geospatial Information System (GIS) in Zaria Local Government Area (LGA). Rainfall data, soil, digital elevation model (DEM) and Land Use Land Cover (LULC) map of the area were used to determine rainfall erosivity (R-factor), soil erodibility (K-factor), slope factor (LS-factor) and cover management (C-factor), respectively in a GIS environment. The result was integrated based on the RUSLE to estimate the rate of soil erosion. The sediment yield of the study was estimated to be between 0 and 1445.22 t ha-1 year-1. The study indicated that about 78.259 km 2 (19.88%) of the study area have erosion rate of 0-606.42 t ha-1 year-1 while the rates
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2021
This study demonstrates the application of Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Sediment Distributed Delivery (SEDD) models integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) to estimate gross soil loss and the sediment delivery of the Pra River Basin in Ghana. Digital Elevation Model, land use map, rainfall data and soil map were input to the model to display the spatial distribution of soil erosion and sediment in the basin. The model estimated an annual soil erosion of 1.28 × 10 6 t/year and an average sediment yield of 2.70 t/ha/year in the basin. Results showed that about 21.3% of the basin is susceptible to severe and very severe erosion. The model results showed that soil erosion rate varied with land use types. It also showed that the Lower Ofin sub-basin has the highest erosion rate. The study demonstrates that the RUSLE and SEDD model integrated with GIS provides relatively easy, cost-effective and fast approach in the estimation of spatially distributed soil erosion and sediment yield of river basins. The results will help in the planning and management of natural resources to ensure sustainable development of the Pra River Basin.
Soil erosion is a growing problem in Nigeria, particularly in South-Eastern Nigeria. This study focused on the estimation of the rate of soil erosion and soil loss potential using Re-vised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE2) and ArcGIS in the Upper Ebonyi River watershed. Soil data, land use inventory, digital elevation model, and climatic data were used as resource data sets to generate RUSLE2 factor values in ArcGIS environment. All factors used in RUSLE2 were calculated for the catchment area using local data. The rain-fall erosivity R-factor was calculated from the annual and monthly rainfall data and the soil erodibility K-factor calcu-lated from the soil map. Slopes and overall LS-values in the catchment were obtained from the DEM. The C-factor val-ues were computed using remote sensing (with NDVI). Sup-port practice P-factors were from terraces that exist on slopes. The results of the preliminary soil erosion assessment indicate that the average annual soil loss within the ...
Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2016
Estimation of soil loss through water erosion is an essential exercise which can help decision makers and planners determine the severity of soil loss through rill and sheet erosion and also curtail the development of further gullies in an area already ravaged by gully erosion. While Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is the most commonly adopted model because it provides a straight forward approach for qualitative estimation of soil loss, however its rainfall erosivity component is found incompetent in most parts of the world. To overcome this deficiency, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) was implemented using rainfall erosivity (R) values peculiar to tropical environment of the Anambra area of Nigeria. Rainfall erosivity (R-factor), soil erodibility (K-factor), slope factor (LS-factor), and cover management (C-factor) were generated in GIS environment and then integrated based on RUSLE equation to estimate the rate of soil erosion. The study indicated that about 1804.39 km 2 (39.49 %) of the study area have slight erosion rate of 0-10 t ha-1 year-1 , while the rates of erosion in 746.60 km 2
Application of GIS for Modeling Soil loss rate in Awash River Basin, Ethiopia
Soil erosion is one of the major factors affecting sustainability of agricultural production. In most developing countries, like Ethiopia, anthropological or accelerated erosion, which is mainly favored by human activities, is the major trigger factor for the loss of soil and water resources. To facilitate the urgent policy intervention that targeted soil degradation, study the amount of soil loss is inevitable. In this paper, a GIS simulating model using a universal soil loss equation (USLE) was applied to analyze the amount of soil loss in Awash basin of Ethiopia. The result of the analysis depicted that the amount of soil loss in the Awash basin ranges from 0 to 330414.5 t/ha/year. Moreover the total soil movement in the basin was 37684000 ton per year from 11.2 million hectare. Key words: USLE, Soil erosion, GIS, Awash basin.
Modeling Earth Systems and Environment
Soil erosion is the main drivers in the world and Ethiopia in particular. This study has been conducted at Dijo watersheds in the Rift valley Basins of Ethiopia to estimate soil erosion rate and identify erosion hotspot areas for proper planning using Geographic Information System and Universal Soil Loss Equation adapted to Ethiopian condition. 64 years mean annual rainfall data for estimating erosivity factor, digital soil map for estimating soil erodibility factor, Digital Elevation Model for estimating topographic (LS) factor, Land use land cover for cover factor detection from Ethiopian ministry of water resources. The result reveals that the soil loss ranges from 0 ton/ha/year in flat slope to 38.09 ton/ha/year from steep slopes. The average soil loss rate is 2.2 tons per hectare per year and has been classified into three erosion severity classes as very low, low and moderate. The result also reveals that most of the watershed erosion severity evaluated under very low and low ...
The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) parameters were assessed using Satellite Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS with a view to model soil erosion in Katsina area of Katsina State of Nigeria. Data on parameters such as slope factors, crop cover and management practice support (P) were obtained from obtained for Katsina area for Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Landsat ETM +, 2002 of the area. The estimated potential mean annual soil loss of 17.35 ton/ac/yr based on the refined RUSLE was obtained for the study area. Also, the potential erosion rates from the erosion classes identified ranged from 0.0 to 4185.12 ton/ac/yr. About 65.47% of the study area was classified under the first class with erosion rate between 0.0 and 10 ton/ac/yr. The most severely eroded area with rates of erosion between 104.80 and 4,185.12 ton/ac/yr accounted for about 1.86% of the study area. On the whole, this study has demonstrated the significance of Satellite (RS) and GIS technologies in modeling erosion.