Dynamic Government of Indigenous Village in Southeast Maluku (original) (raw)
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Institutional Analysis of Village Government at Kolaka District of South East Sulawesi Province
2015
This paper aims to describe and analyze (1) the purpose of the Village Government Institutions and Village Consultative Council; (2) functional subsystem; (3) the dimensions of Village Government Institutions linkages and Village Consultative Council in Kolaka district Southeast Sulawesi Province. So that, it is used qualitative research design 'Dominant-Less Dominant' and informant as many as 27 people from nine villages. Data obtained through questionnaires, interviews, and documentation and the results analyzed using the interactive model. The results showed that: (1) the purpose of the Village Government Institutions in the Kolaka village has not really existed as a modern institution. (2) the functional subsystem as the internal structure of village government in Southeast Sulawesi is weak because it does not match the complexity of the task. (3) The Village Government Institutions links in Kolaka district, is in possible connection, functional linkages, and linkages to...
Village Government Institutions and Village Consultative Council; (2) functional subsystem; (3) the dimensions of Village Government Institutions linkages and Village Consultative Council in Kolaka district Southeast Sulawesi Province. So that, it is used qualitative research design 'Dominant-Less Dominant' and informant as many as 27 people from nine villages. Data obtained through questionnaires, interviews, and documentation and the results analyzed using the interactive model. The results showed that: (1) the purpose of the Village Government Institutions in the Kolaka village has not really existed as a modern institution. (2) the functional subsystem as the internal structure of village government in Southeast Sulawesi is weak because it does not match the complexity of the task. (3) The Village Government Institutions links in Kolaka district, is in possible connection, functional linkages, and linkages to spread, not yet well established and quality. Keywords: Institution, Village Government, Institutional Orientation, Functional Subsystem, Institutional Linkaged.
International Research Association for Talent Development and Excellence, 2020
Article 18B Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia contains the norm, "The State recognizes and respects the indigenous peoples that are still alive". Based on this norm, Law No. 6 of 2014 regarding Villages. This organic law is questioned because the village regulated by Law No. 6 of 2014 especially Article 1 up to Article 95 is not a customary law community unit but a former inlandsche gemeente created by the Dutch colonial government under IGO 1906 jo. IGOB 1938. This study explains the chaos of the village settings and its organizational structure that are not related to the fulfillment of the livelihoods of the village community itself. This research is a descriptive study of the norms of Law No. 6 of 2014 based on the 1945 Indonesia Constitution and that of village normative organizational structure formed. The theory which was utilized as the basis for academic analysis was costumary law (rechtsgemeenschap van inheemse volkeren), constitutional law, administrative law, public administration, and public service. The data obtained were through documents study of the 1945 Indonesia Constitution, Law No. 6 of 2014 and related organic laws, literature study on rechtsgemeenschap van inheemse volkeren, constitutional law, public administration; public service, and field observation. This study found that the Village arangement under Law No. 6 of 2014 has deviated from the Indonesia Constitution norms and failed to function as an instrument of public service.
2016
The problem investigated was the shift in the nation’s approach to the policy of villages after the reign of New Order. In this era, the policy of democratization and decentralization appeared till the village level. However, the policy was not totally implemented in the villages. The aims of this study are: to describe democracy transformation in the village governance in the transition era, to clarify autonomy transformation in the village governance in the transition era, and to analyze the implication and the sense of democracy and autonomy transformation to the development of village governance. This study was conducted employing qualitative method. In the first stage, the primary and secondary data were collected. In the second stage, the theory applied for examining the data was chosen, and in the third stage, the collected and classified data were analyzed and interpreted. In the fourth stage the results of the study were reported and constructed. The results of the study sh...
Village Administration in Indonesia: Pseudo Government Unit
Local government in Indonesia is consisted having two tiers: province and regencyl/city. Under regency/ city there is a “Village Government”. Initially, during the colonial era a Village Government was considered an indigenous people alliance. Dutch colonial-government had recognized it as a law-subject entity and leaved it to execute its governance based on its own each customary law. However, under Law Number 5/1979 the unity of community base on custom law was abolished and then formed a new village government model. Taken a look from the perspective of public administration discipline, the new model of village government status raised questions: whether as local government, local self-government, non-government organization, or community. In answering those questions, it has been conducted a research in a village Jabon Mekar-Bogor-West Java. Researchers used a qualitative approach to do it. The data were collected using observation, in-depth interview, document study, and focus-group-discussion. The collected data then were analyzed using descriptive-qualitative-analysis. The research found that the Village Jabon Mekar is a social institution that was formed and given some amount of tasks by the State. Thus, it can be considered as a “pseudo-government unit”. Key word: village government, indigenous people alliance, pseudo government unit
Functionalization of the Village Head as Customary Leader in the Social Field in South Sumatra
Brawijaya Law Journal
The presence of the New Order government has brought about changes in the lowest level of government, which fairly basic leads to some institutional unification and uniformity. This has resulted in the loss of legal community units in Indonesia. The loss of indigenous community units began with the beginning of Law Number 5 of 1979 on Village Governance as a follow-up to the birth of Law Number 5 of 1974 on the Principles of Government in the Regions. Correspondingly, in South Sumatra, the lowest institutional governance tool, which is also a territorial indigenous community unit called Marga was abolished through the Decree of the Governor of South Sumatra No.142/ KPTS/1983. With the abolition of the Marga, it implies the loss of a typical indigenous institution of South Sumatra, which was merged into the Village institution as stipulated in Law Number 5 of 1979 on Villages. As a result, all the lowest institutions in South Sumatra switched their names to villages including, their functions and authorities. The removal of the Marga government and being replaced with the Village, has resulted in the loss of social functions and the function of resolving disputes customarily manner in the community. The function shift of the village head was not necessarily the transfer of the authority of the pesirah Margahead to the village head in resolving arising problems in the community. As a result of this obscurity of the function, all arising problems in the community should resolve by the formal public law determined by the state. This results in an imbalance in the lowest community, including in villages in South Sumatra, to break the chain, the research framework has carried out to answer these problems.
Village Administration in Indonesia: A Socio-Political Corporation Formed by State
Open Journal of Political Science, 2019
Village government is the lowest level administration in Indonesia. It is formed by law. However, a village head is not a government official and also village employees are not civil servants. The Village Government has authority to administer government affairs; nevertheless, the central government doesn't decentralize the government affairs to the Village. The organizational structure is like a municipal, consisting of a mayor and council; yet the mayor is not chief of local bureaucrats and the council is just a voluntary board that functions like a council. Such a fact is problematic, which raises the question regarding the legal status of village in the administration of the Republic of Indonesia. The study used a post-positivistic approach with a qualitative method. Jabon Mekar village, Bogor Regenstschap (Municipal), Banten Province was chosen as the locus of the study. The results conclude that the village administration is a pseudo local self-government. To that end, a village institution needs to become a public organization to comply with the Indonesia Constitution of 1945, in order to provide public services that would prosper the people.
ejournal.unud.ac.id
This study discusses "Democra cy and Autonomy Transformation in the Governance of Mengwi Village in the Transition Era: A Cultural Studies Perspective". The problem investigated was the shift in the nation's approach to the policy of villages after the reign of New Order. In this era, the policy of democratization and decentralization appeared till the village level. However, the policy was not totally implemented in the villages. The aims of this study are: to describe democracy transformation in the village governance in the transition era, to clarify autonomy transformation in the village governance in the transition era, and to analyze the implication and the sense of democracy and autonomy transfor mation to the development of village governance. This study was conducted employing qualitative method. Various forms of democracy and autonomy transformation in the village governance took place during the transition era. In the first stage, the primary and secondary data were collected. In the second stage, the theory applied for examining the data was chosen, and in the third stage, the collected and classified data were analyzed and interpreted. In the fourth stage the results of the study were reported and constructed. The theories applied in this study include; democracy, political democracy, substantial democracy, decentrali zation and political culture. The approaches applied were Tranpolitic and post-structuralism. The results of the study showed that; first, the village democracy in the first transition era (1998-1999) was mostly still uniform, and there were not many choices in the implementation of the village democracy. The village autonomy was still blocked in centralistic pattern, homogeneous with hierarchical structure. Second, in the second transition era (2000-2004) the role of the village representatives became so democratic accompanied by the extended village autonomy. Third, in the third transition era (2005-2008) democracy became retransformed to the procedural pattern accompanied by the strengthening of supra village government power decreasing the autonomy of the villages. Fourth, democracy and autonomy transformation contributed to the demand for the strengthening of democracy institutions, better community participation and more accountable public services, transparence and responsiveness to what was needed by the people. Fifth, democracy and village autonomy transformation, in addition to having the sense of involving the active participation of the society in the village governance, also had the sense of strengthening the civil and political society in every village social organization which actualized what was needed by the society. This condition at the same time functioned as the responses to nation's hegemony through the supra village government which took place until the first transition era. Key word: democracy and autonomy transformation, supra village power relation, dynamic of village governance, cultural studies.
This study aimed to determine how the relationship pattern between the village government with self governing community in Karampuang village. This study used qualitative method. The results showed that relationship pattern of self-governing community with the village government Tompobulu run in form of accommodating, complementary and substitution. The concept of Accommodating relationship runs in aspects of socio-economic and governance systems due to the institution capacity owned by traditional tribal elders and natural resources that give a bargain for the village government. For relationship pattern of complementary, it runs only on aspects of the social system. This is due to the formal governmental functions which not implemented. For the relationships pattern of substitution and social aspects of government, the village government has conducted substitution toward the village government by raising the head of indigenous peoples to be chief of general purpose of village Government Tompobulu. The involvement of informal institutional actors in the implementation of a formal government is due to the village government Tompobulu need the tribal to run rule functions. The relationship pattern of competing here is not readily apparent, but the realization of the competencies existed in relationships is to make accommodatings, complementer, and the substitution of the relationship between the government and the self-governing community. These methods of formal institutions are not able to cover up flaws to be their responsibility. Formal institutions are not able to present itself as a single force but rather submit to informal institutions, through a form of relationship patterns, e.g., accommodating, complementer, and substitution. This showed the existing weak formal institutions in the provision of public services. Keywords : Self Governing Community, Indigenous Karampuang Communities and Pattern Relationships.
INDIGENOUS VILLAGE GOVERNANCE: LESSONS FROM INDONESIA
Public Administration Issues, 2019
This article explores the model of indigenous village governance as an approach to determine locality value adopted. This approach was chosen in order to criticize the concept of governance which has so far neglected the value of locality that exists in society. This research uses the qualitative method while analyzing the individual and social relationships of people living in Tanah Toa, Indonesia. The research focus is on indigenous governance actors, processes, and regulations. The result shows that Tanah Toa runs the governance with locality value based on three aspects. The first consists of civil society groups while neglecting partners such as market and state. The second focuses on determining whether service delivery to the community is more inclusive, isolated and not integrated with the modern government system. Thirdly, it is self-regulatory, with the rule that runs in government initiated by the community.