Assessment of oxidative stress in serum of pulmonary tuberculosis patients (original) (raw)
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Oxidative stress biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019
Background: Oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). To our knowledge there is paucity of data on the status of oxidative stress biomarkers among PTB patients in Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria. Our study was designed to evaluate the oxidative stress biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria. Aims and Objectives: To determine the serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Gombe metropolis, North-eastern Nigeria and to assess the correlation between the oxidative stress biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was conducted in a tertiary health care facility with 40 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients on anti-TB drugs treatment (ATT), 40 newly diagnosed PTB patients not yet on anti-TB drugs treatment (ATT-naïve) and 40 age- and sex-marched apparently healthy subjects (controls). Serum...
Journal of Tuberculosis Research, 2015
Introduction: Non-enzymatic antioxidants are good scavengers of free radicals preventing their overproduction there by reducing the level of oxidative stress. This work was undertaken at Saint Peter TB specialized hospital and Tekle Haimanot health center from March 2012 to May 2013. Aim: To determine changes in Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants and level of oxidative stress of tuberculosis Patients before and after taking anti tuberculosis treatment. Materials and Methods: In this comparative cross sectional study, a total of 210 individuals including: newly diagnosed TB patients as group-I (n = 70), TB patients who completed treatment as group-II (n = 70), and healthy volunteers as group-III (n = 70) were enrolled. Different methods were used to determine the parameters; vit-C (HPLC method), lipid peroxidation (thiobarbuituric acid method), and bilirubin (Colorimetric assay). Results: Vitamin-C (Vit-C) and of group-I showed a significant reduction (p < 0.001) as compared with both group-II and group-III whereas Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased. However, the total and direct bilirubin was not different among the groups. In group-III, there was a positive correlation between BMI and serum Vit-C (r = −0.305, p = 0.010). Vit-C showed a negative correlation with serum MDA in all the groups with values (r = −0.265, p = 0.027), (r = −0.389, p = 0.001) and (r = −0.375, p = 0.001) for group-I, group-II and group-III respectively. In addition to this Vit-C was negatively correlated with serum UA (r = −0.285, p = 0.017) in group-I. Conclusion: The findings of the current study suggest that the amount of Vit-C in the newly diagnosed TB patients and those who finished their treatment is much lower than the healthy * Corresponding author. G. Gebretsadik et al. 64 volunteers. In contrast to this, the MDA value was significantly higher both in the newly diagnosed TB patients and TB patients who completed treatment than in healthy volunteers suggesting higher degree of oxidative stress.
Status of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Varying Bacillary Load
Journal of Experimental Sciences, 2011
When ROS production exceeds the detoxification capacity of systemic endogenic antioxidant defense, oxidative stress occurs. Severe oxidative stress has been reported in tuberculosis patients because of malnutrition and poor immunity. However, our knowledge of the antioxidant profile and its relation to lipid peroxidation in tuberculosis is very limited. We analyzed total hundred fresh untreated pulmonary tuberculosis samples with varying bacillary load and controls for oxidative stress markers viz; Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO) and Antioxidants viz; Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Vitamin C by calorimetric methods. The MDA &NO levels were high in AFB+,higher in AFB ++ and with AFB+++ had the highest levels while SOD,GSH &VITC levels were low in AFB+,lower in AFB++ and AFB+++ had the lowest levels. Our findings provide the evidence of enhanced free radical mediated process corresponded with more advanced disease. It might play a role in the pathol...
European Journal of General Medicine
Aim: Several products of cellular (macrophage) activation (i.e. free radicals and cytokines) are potential causes of metabolic disorders in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. There is a dearth of information on the levels of neopterin and oxidative metabolites in Nigerian PTB patients. This study therefore assessed the levels of markers of oxidative stress and neopterin in Nigerian PTB patients. Method: Thirty-eight (17 males and 21 females) newly diagnosed PTB-patients and 40 (22 males and 18 females) apparently healthy non-PTB controls volunteered to participate in this study. Diagnostic criteria included sputum acid fast bacilli, chest X-ray and Mantoux test. The levels of superoxide dismutase, plasma albumin, total antioxidant potential, nitric oxide, reduced glutathione, catalase, total plasma peroxide, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde and neopterin (marker of cellular activation) were determined in them using spectrophotometric methods and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique respectively. Result: In PTB-patients, significantly (p<0.05) lower levels of albumin, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, catalase, nitric oxide and total antioxidant potential with significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of total plasma peroxide, malondialdehyde, oxidative stress index and neopterin were observed when compared with the non-PTB controls. The result indicates significantly higher levels of cellular activation, free radical load and oxidative stress with associated antioxidants depletion in PTB patients. Conclusion: Oxidative stress and increased level of neopterin are features of pulmonary tuberculosis. Since most of the antioxidants regulating the free radical load and oxidative stress are micronutrient dependent, micronutrient supplementation may be required as adjuvant therapy in the management of PTB patients.
Biomedical Research, 2011
During pulmonary inflammation increased amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a consequence of a phagocytic respiratory burst. One of the manifestations of these free radical mediated processes is lipid peroxidation. Study was under taken to evaluate the level of lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and levels of antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E with total antioxidant status in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Fifty patients with positive sputum for acid fast bacilli (Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) staining) were divided into two group and 25 healthy controls without any disease were included for this study. 25 patients with active pulmonary TB were treated with Anti tuberculosis therapy (ATT) and remaining 25 cases were treated with antioxidants as an adjuvant therapy along with ATT. Serum levels of MDA, Vit.C, Vit.E and total antioxidant status were measured .Our results showed significantly decreased level of MDA and increased levels of Vit.C, Vit.E and total antioxidant status after six month follow up of antioxidants supplementation along with ATT. This study concludes that antioxidants (micronutrients) supplementation as an adjuvant therapy helps in reduction of oxidative stress and promotes recovery of patients.
Antioxidants: Friend or foe for tuberculosis patients
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2013
Respiratory burst induced bacteria killing by oxidants are important mechanism of host defence. However, it is impaired in tuberculosis due to inhibition of respiratory burst by Mycobacterial factors. Antioxidants are compounds that cause chelation of reactive oxygen species. So, antioxidants are expected to play a negative role in the management of active tuberculosis. But, oxidative stress is a proved fact that invariably happens in tuberculosis patients which is known to cause immunosuppression. Immunosuppression in turn is expected to augment tuberculosis. Hence, antioxidant supplementation is expected to benefit tuberculosis patients by minimising oxidative stress induced immunosuppression. Therefore, the role of antioxidants in tuberculosis appears to be paradoxical and urgent. Understanding of the role of antioxidant supplementation in tuberculosis is warranted. It is in this context that we have reviewed the recent literature and addressed the problem for its solution.
Evidence for Oxidative Stress and Defective Antioxidant Response in Guinea Pigs with Tuberculosis
PLoS ONE, 2011
The development of granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis is an important but poorly understood manifestation of tuberculosis in humans and some animal models. In this study we measured the byproducts of oxidative stress in granulomatous lesions as well as the systemic antioxidant capacity of BCG vaccinated and non-vaccinated guinea pigs experimentally infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In non-vaccinated guinea pigs, oxidative stress was evident within 2 weeks of infection as measured by a decrease in the serum total antioxidant capacity and blood glutathione levels accompanied by an increase in malondialdehyde, a byproduct of lipid peroxidation, within lesions. Despite a decrease in total and reduced blood glutathione concentrations, there was an increase in lesion glutathione by immunohistochemistry in response to localized oxidative stress. In addition there was an increase in the expression of the host transcription factor nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates several protein and non-proteins antioxidants, including glutathione. Despite the increase in cytoplasmic expression of Nrf2, immunohistochemical staining revealed a defect in Nrf2 nuclear translocation within granulomatous lesions as well as a decrease in the expression of the Nrf2-regulated antioxidant protein NQO1. Treating M. tuberculosis-infected guinea pigs with the antioxidant drug N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) partially restored blood glutathione concentrations and the serum total antioxidant capacity. Treatment with NAC also decreased spleen bacterial counts, as well as decreased the lung and spleen lesion burden and the severity of lesion necrosis. These data suggest that the progressive oxidative stress during experimental tuberculosis in guinea pigs is due in part to a defect in host antioxidant defenses, which, we show here, can be partially restored with antioxidant treatment. These data suggest that the therapeutic strategies that reduce oxidant-mediated tissue damage may be beneficial as an adjunct therapy in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis in humans.
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research
Severe oxidative stress has been reported in Tuberculosis (TB) patients, and this is associated with increased production of free radicals due to phagocyte respiratory burst, malnutrition, and poor immunity. This study investigated the levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Selenium (SEL) levels in naïve Tuberculosis (TB) patients and TB patients on treatment. The study comprised of a total of 100 TB patients made up of 57 TB patients on treatment with antituberculosis therapy and 43 naïve TB patients not on treatment. MDA and SOD were analyzed using Enzyme linked Immunosorbent assay technique (ELISA). While selenium and tuberculosis were detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and Gene Xpert respectively. The MDA level in TB patients on treatment was significantly higher (p<0.0011) than the MDA level of naïve TB patients. Also, the SOD level of TB patients on treatment was significantly lower (p<0.0426) than the SOD level of naïve TB patients. While the levels of Selenium in TB patients on treatment was significantly higher (p< 0.0002) than the selenium level of naïve TB patients. The study showed an Original Research Article