Effect of Static Stretching on Muscle Activation During Sit to Stand Among Low Back Pain Population (original) (raw)
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Objectives: As the hamstrings and lumbar extensors have their muscular origin in the pelvis, there may be possible relationship among these structures. So weakness or inflexibility of one structure may correspondingly change the strength and position of the other to maintain pelvis control, which may lead to development of low back pain. So the aim of the study is to compare the prevalence of hamstrings tightness in subjects with chronic low back pain versus normal individuals. Methods: A comparative study was conducted at S.B.B. College of Physiotherapy. A convenience sample of 60 participants with age group between 20 to 60 years was taken, 30 in each group. Group A were patients with chronic low back pain who were not taking any physiotherapy treatment and Group B were age and gender matched normal individuals. For both the groups, persons with previous history of knee injury, knee deformity and fractures around knee joint with limited range of movement and radiating pain were excluded. Patients with low back pain of more than 3 months and normal individuals who were not involved in any flexibility programme were approached and flexibility of hamstrings was measured by active knee extension test. Results: Means of hamstrings flexibility in groups A & B were compared using Mann Whitney U test. Mean degree of hamstrings tightness for A=31.63°±8.34°, B=14.30°±9.70°, U=81.00, p<0.01.Conclusion: There was significant difference of hamstrings flexibility between patients having chronic low back pain and age and gender matched normal individuals.
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Background Hamstring shortening may have negative impacts on function and biomechanics of knee and hip joints and lumbo-pelvic rhythm. Many interventions are believed to correct hamstring to its normal length. There are several reports of impairment in postural control of patients with low back pain. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of stretching exercise and strengthening exercise in lengthened position of the hamstring muscle on improving the dynamic balance of the person in patients with chronic low back pain with short hamstring muscles. Methods Forty-five patients with hamstring shortening who referred to physiotherapy clinic of Kermanshah university of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran were randomly allocated to the three groups; static stretching (n = 15), strengthening exercise in lengthened hamstring position (n = 15) and control (n = 15). All groups received conventional physiotherapy for low back pain and the two intervention groups received stretching...
Background: Hamstring tightness or decreased flexibility is a predisposing cause for the hamstring strain, lumbar spine disorders, and low back pain.. Objective: To determine whether muscle energy technique or static-passive stretch is the better treatment for increasing hamstring flexibility in patients suffering from nonspecific chronic low back pain. Materials and methods: It were a quasi-experimental study which completed in 4 months from November 2016 to February 2017. A total of 60 subjects of chronic nonspecific low back pain who fulfilled inclusion criteria were selected from different hospital settings of Lahore through convenient sampling and allocated into Group A and Group B. After pre-testing through active knee extension test, subjects in Group A were given muscle energy technique along with conventional physiotherapy and subjects in Group B were given static passive stretching along with conventional physiotherapy treatment. Post-test measurements were taken after 4 weeks. The treatment of five sessions a week, for a total of four weeks, was given to both groups. Improvement in hamstring flexibility was measured through active knee extension test. Results: SPSS version 20 was used for analysis. Within groups analysis showed that mean popliteal angle of Group A in pretest measurements was 146.03±12.92 and in posttest measurements was 158.70±9.87 (p<0.001*) and mean popliteal angle of measurements in Group B for pretest readings was 147.30±10.75 and in posttest reading, was 155.67±11.55(p<0.001*) showing significant improvement with both interventions. Mean of difference of pretest-posttest popliteal angle measurement in Group A was 12.67±6.53 and in Group B was 8.37±3.85 (P=0.003) showing that there was statistically significant difference between improvement of both groups and interventions of Group A (METs) are better in improving hamstring flexibility as compared to interventions in group B (static passive stretch) Conclusion: Muscle energy techniques and static passive stretching, both were effective in improving the hamstring flexibility but muscle energy techniques were found to have better effect as compared to static passive stretching in improving hamstring flexibility in patients with non-specific low back pain
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, 2021
Background: Patients with lower backache commonly complain of hamstrings tightness which is responsible for altering biomechanics of the lower limb and spine. Reduced muscular flexibility affects the functional capacity of an individual and also damages the musculoskeletal system as a result of overuse. Objective: The objective is to compare the effects of static stretching versus stretching with traction on hamstrings flexibility in patients with backache. Methods: A single-blinded, controlled trial was conducted on 44 subjects who presented with primary complaints of back pain, hamstrings tightness and pain/tenderness in the back of the thigh. Group A was treated with static stretching and Group B with stretching with traction (Mulligan). Straight leg raise, 90-90 test, and visual analogue scale were used to calculate the scores in the two groups. An independent t-test was calculated to measure the difference between the treatment outcomes of the two groups while paired sample t-test was used to measure the differences within the groups. Results: Both groups showed significant results with both tests and pain scores. When both the groups were compared, stretching with traction showed a significant difference from static stretching in relieving hamstrings tightness in patients with backache. Conclusion: Stretching of hamstrings with traction is found to be a significant treatment option as compared to static stretching as the participants showed a significant difference in outcome measures in relieving hamstrings tightness in patients having backache.
International Journal of Research Publications, 2021
Background: The hamstring muscle is one of the lower extremity muscles that has shortened tendency. Shortening hamstring muscle, that called hamstring tightness, is associated with decreased extensibility of the hamstring muscles and pelvic tilt angle. Static stretching exercise is one of the stretching exercise methods that is used to increase hamstring muscle length. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of static stretching exercise on hamstring muscle extensibility and pelvic tilt angle in hamstring tightness. Material/Methods: Quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test control group design. The subjects of this study were 28 male students, who were divided into 2 groups. The treatment group and control group both consisted of 14 people. the hamstring muscle extensibility will be measured by examining active knee extension (AKE) and pelvic tilt angle will be measured with an inclinometer, which will be evaluated in four weeks in both groups. Result: Static stretching exercise had a significant effect on increasing the extensibility of hamstring muscles (p < 0.05) when compared to the control group. Meanwhile, static stretching exercise does not have a significant effect on the pelvic tilt angle (p > 0.05) as well as the control group. Furthermore, there is no correlation between the value of hamstring muscle extensibility and pelvic tilt angle after the intervention (p > 0.05).
Asian Spine Journal, 2015
Cross-sectional study. To verify the association of hamstring tightness and range of motion in anterior pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar motion (LM), and trunk flexion (TF) during forward bending. Increased hamstring stiffness could be a possible contributing factor to low back injuries. Clinical observations have suggested that hamstring tightness influences lumbar pelvic rhythm. Movement restrictions or postural asymmetry likely lead to compensatory movement patterns of the lumbar spine, and subsequently to increased stress on the spinal soft tissues and an increased risk of low back pain (LBP). Hamstring muscle tightness was measured using the self-monitored active knee extension (AKE) test. A bubble inclinometer was used to determine the range of motion of PT, LM, and TF during forward bending. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, comparisons between groups and a correlation between hamstring tightness (AKE) and anterior PT, TF, and regional LM with p≤0.05. The LBP group was composed of 36 participants, and the asymptomatic group consisted of 32 participants. The mean for PT in the control group was 66.7°, 64.5° for LM and 104.6° for TF. Respective values in the symptomatic group were 57.0°, 79.8°, and 82.2°. Participants with LBP showed restriction in the pelvis and TF range of motion, but had higher amplitudes in the lumbar spine during forward bending.
IJAMSCR, 2021
Background Hamstring is one of the commonest muscles that often get tight. Hamstring tightness increases apparently from childhood up to age 40-49 years and its incidence is higher in males than females. Tight hamstrings can have profound effect on seated postural alignment of body and number of studies showed positive correlation between decreased hamstrings flexibility and low back pain of lumbar intervertebral disc pathology. Aim To compare the effectiveness of static stretching versus suboccipital muscle inhibition technique on hamstring muscle flexibility in college going students. Methods In this comparative study, 30 young adults were recruited from medical college. Subjects were evaluated for hamstring tightness using finger to floor test and popliteal angle. After all measurements were taken, 15 subjects were given Static stretch for 30 seconds followed by 15 seconds relaxation, 5 times in each session 3 times a week for 2weeks. Another 15 subjects were given Suboccipital muscle inhibition technique 5 min for each session, 3 times a week for 2 weeks. Results For paired t test, in group A, for finger to floor test and popliteal angle test p <0.0001 (extremely statistically significant). In group B, for finger to floor test p<0.0001 (extremely statistically significant). For popliteal angle test p=0.0093(very statistically significant).Unpaired t test was not found significant when the data was compared between the groups. Conclusion The comparison within group shows improvement in popliteal angle and finger to floor test, but when compared between both groups are equally effective.
EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING ON STRENGTH OF HAMSTRING MUSCLE
Background: Flexibility is an indisputable component of fitness defined as the ability to move a single joint or series of joints through an unrestricted pain free range of motion. Static stretching consists of stretching a muscle or group of muscle to its farthest point and then maintaining or holding that position. The literature supports that muscles are capable of exerting their greatest strength when they are fully lengthen. Hence this study was conducted to find the effect of static stretching on hamstring muscle.