Animal fat and glycerol bioconversion to polyhydroxyalkanoate by produced water bacteria (original) (raw)
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Trends in Sciences
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a group of biopolymers used as an alternative to petroleum-based synthetic plastics. Their industrial application is not widely available due to production cost constraints, mainly from raw materials used for carbon sources. This research focuses on selecting a Bacillus strain from lipid-containing wastewater that can produce PHAs from crude glycerol and investigating the optimum conditions for producing PHAs from crude glycerol. The Bacillus strain was isolated from the wastewater storage pond at a fermented pork sausage manufacturing plant in Thailand for PHAs production utilizing Mineral Salt Medium (MSM) with 1 % w/v glucose as a carbon source. PHAs synthesis was preliminarily investigated by staining cells with Sudan Black B. The isolated FMI3 produced the highest PHAs at 43 % of the dry cell weight (DCW). It was identified as Bacillus pumilus FMI3. Crude glycerol was obtained from a by-product of the transesterification of waste cooking oil cat...
Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Bacteria Isolated from Oil Wastes
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2000
A Gram-positive coccus-shaped bacterium capable of synthesizing higher relative molecular weight (M r) polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was isolated from sesame oil and identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis (by Microbial ID, Inc., Newark, NJ). The experiment was conducted by shake flask fermentation culture using media containing fructose. Cell growth up to a dry mass of 2.5 g/L and PHB accumulation up to 15.02% of cell dry wt was observed. Apart from using single carbohydrate as a sole carbon source, various industrial food wastes including sesame oil, ice cream, malt, and soya wastes were investigated as nutrients for S. epidermidis to reduce the cost of the carbon source. As a result, we found that by using malt wastes as nutrient for cell growth, PHB accumulation of S. epidermidis was much better than using other wastes as nutrient source. The final dried cell mass and PHB production using malt wastes were 1.76 g/L and 6.93% polymer/cells (grams/gram), and 3.5 g/L and 3.31% polymer/cells (grams/gram) in shake flask culture and in fermentor culture, respectively. The bacterial polymer was characterized by 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13 C-NMR, Fourier transform infrared, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that with different industrial food wastes as carbon and energy sources, the same biopolymer (PHB) was obtained. However, the use of sesame oil as the carbon source resulted in the accumulation of PHB with a higher melting point than that produced from other food wastes as carbon sources by this organism under similar experimental conditions.
Annals of Microbiology, 2014
Increasing global concerns over plastic waste disposal and environmental awareness has already highlighted Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA's) as an increasingly attractive bioplastic option. In this regard, the present investigation aims to highlight the production of polyhydroxyalkanoate by Pseudomonas aeruginosa BPC2 (GeneBank entry: JQ866912) using a glycerol by-product as an inexpensive carbon source. The glycerol by-product was generated via the production of biodiesel from kitchen chimney dump lard (KCDL). The strain was also cultured in media comprising other carbon sources like glycerol (commercial), sugar cane molasses and glucose for comparative PHA yield. An appreciable PHA accumulation up to 22.5 % of cell dry weight was found when the bacterium was cultured in media comprised of glycerol by-product. The extracted bacterial biopolymer was further characterized by FTIR, GC-MS, GPC and TGA. The experimental results of the study warrant the feasibility of bacterial biopolymer production using glycerol byproduct as an inexpensive carbon source.
Pedobiologia, 2010
Samples of eight geographically distinct soils contaminated with crude oil were screened for polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA) producing bacterial strains. Twenty three bacterial strains were able to accumulate PHA when sodium gluconate or sodium octanoate was used as the sole carbon source. Biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequencing identified bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Sphingobacterium, Brochothrix, Caulobacter, Ralstonia, Burkholderia and Yokenella. Three of the bacterial strains have never been reported to produce PHA. The phylogenetic analysis of the PHA synthase (phaC) gene of these bacteria showed a close homology with the phaC gene of different Pseudomonas species. This study indicates that stressed environments like oil-contaminated sites can be potential sources of medium-chain-length PHA producers.
Screening of PHA-Producing Bacteria Using Biodiesel-Derived Waste Glycerol as a Sole Carbon Source
Journal of Water and Environment Technology, 2010
Different sources of wastewater and soil were used to screen for PHA-producing bacteria using biodiesel-derived waste glycerol as a sole carbon source by the Nile red staining method together with polymer determination. Twelve out of twenty-six isolates from biodiesel-contaminated wastewater consortium were screened for their PHA accumulation ability by cultivation in mineral salt medium supplemented with waste glycerol. The AIK7 isolate was chosen as a potential PHA producer. The PHA production on waste glycerol was examined using pure glycerol as a control substrate. The PHA content of AIK7 isolate cultivated in 10 g/L glycerol could reach 35% cell dry weight in 72 hours from waste glycerol and 33% cell dry weight in 120 hours from pure glycerol cultivation. It can be seen that at this content of waste glycerol, AIK7 isolate is effectively capable of biotransforming glycerol into polymer from low-grade glycerol.
Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology], 2017
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are efficient, renewable and environment friendly polymeric esters. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of microbes under stress conditions. This study was carried out to check the suitability of waste frying oil in comparison to other oils for economical bioplastic production. Six bacterial strains were isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus (KF270349), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KF270350), Bacillus subtilis (KF270351), Brevibacterium halotolerance (KF270352), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (KF270353), and Stenotrophomonas rhizoposid (KF270354) by ribotyping. All strains were PHA producers so were selected for PHA synthesis using four different carbon sources, i.e., waste frying oil, canola oil, diesel and glucose. Extraction of PHA was carried out using sodium hypochlorite method and maximum amount was detected after 72h in all cases. P. aeruginosa led to maximum PHA production after 72h at 37°C and 100rpm using waste frying oil that was 53.2% PHA in co...
Bacterial Production of PHAs from Lipid-Rich by-Products
2019
Background and Objective: Due to oil shortage and environmental problems, synthetic plastics will surely be replaced by alternative, biodegradable materials. A possible good example could be polyhydroxyalkanoates, and the inexpensive agricultural fatty byproducts could be usefully converted to polyhydroxyalkanoates by properly selected and/or developed microbes. Material and Methods: Among the more common by-products available, a variety of lipid-rich residues have been explored as substrate, such as crude glycerol from biodiesel, biodiesel obtained from fatty residues, and, from slaughterhouse, bacon rind, udder and tallow. In this paper, several new isolates and collection PHA-producing microbes have been screened for both lipolytic activities and polyhydroxyalkanoates production. The soil proved to be the most promising mining place to find new interesting microbial species, even better than more specific and selective environments such as slaughterhouses. Results and Conclusion:...
Environmental biotechnology has the intention of increasing sustainability of production processes by employing biological systems and thereby benefiting the environment. Microorganisms are a biological system which is generally used for the reduction of pollution from air, aquatic or terrestrial systems. Edible oil and fats are utilized by microorganisms and produces new product such as lipase and biodiesel was investigated. In present study the microorganisms utilizing edible oil as carbon source were isolated and investigation of their characteristics towards the production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), which is now a days well known as Biodegradable polymer. Sixteen bacterial colonies were isolated, screened by providing various edible oils as carbon source and preserved using glycerol. The microorganism then stained for PHA with Sudan Black B stain. We have found that nine out of sixteen strains exhibited PHA producing ability. The organisms were identified through several bi...
Annals of Microbiology, 2011
A total of 20 different strains were isolated, purified and screened for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production. PHA-producing strains were screened by Nile blue staining and confirmed by Sudan Black B staining. Strain 1.1 was selected for further analysis due to its high PHA production ability. PHA production was optimized and time profiling was calculated. PHA production on various different cheap carbon sources, i.e., sugar industry waste (fermented mash, molasses, spent wash) and corn oil, was compared. Cell dry weight and PHA content (%) were calculated and compared. The 12.53 g/L is the CDW of bacterial strain when grown in medium containing corn oil. It was found that corn oil at 12.53 g/L medium can serve as a carbon source for bacterial growth, allowing cells to accumulate PHA up to 35.63 %. The PhaC gene was amplified to confirm the genetic basis for the production of PHAs. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 1.1 belongs to Pseudomonas species.
Journal of basic microbiology, 2018
Mixed bacterial cultures are increasingly being used in the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), as they have the potential to be more cost effective than axenic pure cultures. The purpose of this study was to use pure cultures in combination to identify their potential of PHA production. In this work we used volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and glucose as carbon source to check the ability of selected strains ST2 (Pseudomonas sp.) and CS8 (Bacillus sp.) as co-culture. The production of PHA in pure co-cultures of bacteria was therefore investigated in order to understand the effect of combining cultures on PHA production parameters and material properties. Bacteria could use the feed in better way when mixed as compared to individual strain. In undertaking this analysis, model volatile fatty acids (i.e., acetic and propionic acids) were used alone and in combination with glucose as feedstock. The production by Pseudomonas was 34% while 24% by Bacillus. However when combined and mi...