Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus among antenatal clinic attendees in Gamawa Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2019
Background: The burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is assuming an epidemic proportion globally, causing grave hepatic and other complications. Mother-to-child transmission is one of the main ways of acquiring the disease. It is thus incumbent on researchers to delve more into the epidemiology of HBV. The objectives of this study is to assess respondents’ knowledge on HBV, estimated the burden of the disease among pregnant women attending antennal clinics in Ogbomoso, Nigeria and identified significant determinants of HBV positive status of the participants.Methods: This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 168 pregnant women recruited using systematic random technique. Pretested interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out.Results: Mean age of the respondents was 34±10 years, 90.5% of the respondents were 20-40 years old. HBV awareness level among the respondents ...
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women in Jos, Nigeria
Objectives: The study sought to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B surface antigenemia (HBsAg) positivity among pregnant women in Jos, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among the pregnant population in five healthcare facilities in Jos, between November 1, 2017 and April 30, 2018. Informed consent was obtained, and data on sociodemographic and risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were collected. Hepatitis B viral infection was assessed using the in vitro HBsAg diagnostic rapid kit (Acon Laboratories, USA). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were performed to identify predictors of HBV infection in the study population. All statistical analyses were carried out on STATA version 15. Results: Of the 3,238 women enrolled, 7.4% (241/3238
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2022
Background: Hepatitis is a liver disorder marked by the inammatory cells existence in the organ's tissue (Ryder & Beckingham, 2001). While it may appear with or without signs, it often causes jaundice (yellowish of the skin), malaise and anorexia (appetite problems). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a DNA virus with a core antigen encased in a shell comprising hepatitis B surface antigen and partially double-stranded DNA. It belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antigen (H12BcAg) and hepatitis B e antigen have all been discovered to be its antigenic components (Gasim & coworkers, 2013). Furthermore, surveys have shown a broad lack of knowledge, with residents of high-risk regions having medium to poor knowledge of HBV infection and the hepatitis vaccine (Eni et al., 2019). HBV infection is a foremost public health concern around the world that induces substantial morbidity and mortality notwithstanding the existence of a vaccination and antiviral treatment. WHO estimates that over 1.5 billion individuals are suffering from HBV, with >350 million permanently infected people and 500,000-700,000 people dying per year from HBV-related liver ailment such as liver cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, or hepatocellular carcinoma, with the bulk of these deaths happening in developing countries (Gasim et al., 2013). HBV research has been conducted in other parts of the nation, but information on the HBV knowledge among pregnant women attending the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital's antenatal clinic is rare. As a result, guidelines and other possible information on deterrence and control strategies are scarce. The study's objective is to determine the knowledge of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women attending University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital's antenatal clinic. Methods: The study was conducted with the usage of a descriptive crosssectional study at the prenatal care clinic of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. All pregnant women attending the clinic were taken as the population with the sample size of 268. Systematic sampling was used with questionnaires and folders as tools. Data was entered into separate template in Microsoft Excel 2010 version 10 and checked for completion, cleaned, then imported into SPSS version 23.0 for analysis. On scoring system, each correct answer attracted 1mark and each incorrect answer attracted zero, those who scored 10 marks and above (≥ 10) were
Pan African Medical Journal, 2015
Introduction: Hepatitis B virus is responsible for 50%-80% of Hepatocellular carcinoma cases worldwide. In Nigeria, vertical transmission remains a major route of Hepatitis B virus infection. Primary (vaccines and post-exposure prophylaxis) and secondary prevention of HBV transmission by appropriate sexual and sanitary practices are not yet optimal in the country yet measures for early detection (serological, molecular) and treatment of infected pregnant women is not a practice. This study aimed at identifying the prevalence and risk factors for Hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at the Antenatal clinic of the University College Hospital Ibadan. One hundred and eighty pregnant women were recruited from March to August 2013, and tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen (BIORAD FRANCE) using third generation ELISA, as well as HIV-1 and 2 using Uni-Gold Recombigen and ALERE determine (a rapid immunoassay designed to detect antibodies to HIV 1 and/or 2). Positive HBsAg samples were tested for Hepatitis B envelope antigen, antibody and Hepatitis B core antibody (DIAPRO Italy) while serum HBV DNA was detected using PCR. Data were obtained using questionnaires to establish and analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Results: The seroprevalence of HBsAg was 8.3% out of which 26.7% were positive for HBeAg, 53.3% had HBeAb, 20% had neither HBeAg nor HBeAb, 100% had total HBcAb and 86.7% had HBV DNA in their serum. The mean age was 32.1years, the highest HBV infection rate occurred in 25-29 year age group. Multiple sexual partners (OR-3.987, P-value=0.026) and early age at sexual debut (OR 11.996, P-value=0.022) were independent risk factors for HBV infection. Conclusion: Hepatitis B virus infection is of high endemicity in Nigeria thus early detection, treatment of infected pregnant women, immunoprophylaxis for exposed newborns and surveillance for those with chronic infection is essential. Health education programs on prevention and control measures must be instituted.
2021
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global challenge mostly in developing countries. Hepatitis B virus has infected almost one third of the world population. Pregnant women infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) can transmit the infection to their fetuses and newborns. As a result of the developing status of most of our communities screening of antenatal attendees is rarely done as a routine in most health facilities that offers antenatal services, hence the need for this studies at our location of study. Methods: One hundred and ninety (190) serum samples were screened among pregnant women on ante-natal care, using standard ELISA method. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to individuals to determine incidence rates and identify relative risk factors that predispose subjects to the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. Results: From the total samples screened, Sixty-three, 63 (33.2%) were found to be positive for Hepatitis B virus. The highest prevalence was found amo...
British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2015
Background: Vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus infection during pregnancy and delivery remains the major route of transmission in low resource areas. The objectives of this study were to determine the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B infection (HBsAg) and the potential risk factors among pregnant women admitted for delivery. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study of 300 women admitted for delivery was conducted at University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria. A pretested questionnaire was used for the collection of socio-demographic data and possible risk factors. Blood sample was collected from each consented woman and the plasma tested for the presence of HBsAg using rapid ELISA test Kits in the laboratory of the hospital. All the data were analyzed using microsoft BJMMR, 8(4): 324-333, 2015; Article no.BJMMR.2015.455 325 SPSS version 17 statistical program. Results: Out of the 300 women studied, positive HBsAg was detected in 14 women, giving a seroprevalence rate of 4.7%. The age of the women studied varied from 16 to 43 years with mean age of 27.9±4.6 years and mean parity of 1.1±1.5. Hepatitis B viral infection was significantly higher among pregnant women who did not attend any antenatal care (unbooked women) than pregnant women who attended antenatal care (booked women). There were statistically significant relationships between HBV infection and 2 or more sexual partners and previous history of induced abortion. Previous histories of blood transfusion, previous surgeries/dental manipulations, tribal marks/tattoos, previous contact with somebody with hepatitis B infection were not statistically significant. The data are related to 14 (4.7%) of HBV infected women in the study. Conclusion: An intermediate prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was identified which justifies the need for routine screening in pregnancy especially among unbooked women in order to identify and treat the infection.
Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Nigeria has remained a public health issue and a major cause of mortality especially in developing countries. Vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus infection is thought to be one of the major routes of transmission in developing countries. In spite of this, routine antenatal screening for hepatitis infection is not yet practiced in many Nigerian hospitals. This study was undertaken with the aim of determining the prevalence of HBsAg antibodies among women attending ante-natal clinic at General Hospital Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. A total of one hundred and fifty women were recruited for this study between January and March, 2012 and were screened for anti-HBsAg antibodies using the one step rapid HBsAg Test Kit (Hypertec. Diagnostic, Germany). The anti-HBsAg prevalence was determined to be 4% (6/150) with the highest prevalence (7.14%) recorded in pregnant women aged 26-30 years. The trimester related prevalence of HBsAg was highest (5.88%) among women on their 2nd trimester. Statistical analysis revealed that age and trimester were not statistically associated (P > 0.05) with HBsAg antibodies prevalence. The findings of high prevalence of HBsAg in antenatal women in their 2nd trimester during which the fetus undergo certain developmental processes possess high risk to the developing fetus.
Hepatitis B virus infection amongst pregnant women in North-Eastern Nigeria- A call for action
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2011
Background: It is well known that Hepatitis B virus infection is endemic in Nigeria. Even though studies have been carried out on Hepatitis B virus infection in different parts of Nigeria, and in different subgroups of individuals, information regarding the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women is scanty especially from the Northeastern region of Nigeria. We therefore determined the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) amongst pregnant women in North Eastern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out. The setting was the antenatal clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Nigeria. The duration of the study was from July 2008 to December 2008. Two hundred and thirty-one consecutively recruited pregnant women were screened for Hepatitis B surface antigen. Positive samples were re-tested using ELISA to eliminate false positives. Their biodata were obtained using a questionnaire to establish the presence of possible risk factors such as blood transfusion, surgery, etc. Written informed consent was obtained from each woman. Results: Out of the 231 pregnant women tested, nineteen of them were seropositive for Hepatitis B virus infection giving an infection rate of 8.2%. Women in the age group 25-29 years had the highest HBV infection rate. Conclusion: This study confirms a high seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus infect ion amongst pregnant women. It is recommended that pregnant women should be routinely screened for Hepatitis B virus infection as part of antenatal care services.
2015
This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus surface and core antigens among pregnant women visiting Ring Road Hospital for antenatal care in Ibadan, South-West, Local Government Area. Out of 150 blood samples collected and screened, using Diaspot® test strips, ten were found positive (6.6%). Pregnant women within 25-29 years had the highest prevalence of (2.7%) the lowest prevalence of 0.6% was found among pregnant women within the age group of 35-39 years. Pregnant women that are from polygamous family had (4.0%) while those from monogamous recorded 2.7%. Similarly, pregnant women with history of blood transfusion had 5.3% while those without history of blood transfusion recorded 1.3%. Chi-square analysis revealed that age, history of blood transfusion and family type are not related to infection with hepatitis B virus in the studied area. More awareness campaign should be organized in order to educate populacion on the possible route of transmission...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2021
Background: Hepatitis B Viral (HBV) infection is a potentially fatal infection of public health importance globally. Pregnant women and their unborn children are at risk of this infection due to its mode of transmission especially when in contact with infected body fluids and from mother to child transmission respectively. The prevalence of HBV infection in Nigeria is 13.6%. Aim: To determine the prevalence of HBV infection amongst pregnant women in rural community in southern Nigeria. Methods: This was a retrospective cross sectional study of pregnant women at Ogoni Primary Health Centers and General Hospitals in Southern Nigeria carried over a 4-month period. Serological test results for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) of subjects were retrieved from the laboratories. Permission was gotten from Director of Public Health Rivers State Ministry of Health. The information gotten was analyzed using independent t test, chi square and fisher exact tests. Significance level was set at 0.05. Result: One hundred and eighty-five pregnant women were recruited for the study. The mean age of the antenatal clinic attendees was 28 ± 2 years, the mean gestational age at booking was 25 weeks and the mean parity was 2. Majority had secondary level of education represented by 122 (66%). Fifteen (8.1%) of the pregnant women were positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV infection was 8.1% in Ogoni southern Nigeria. This is worisome, hence preventive measures including HBV vaccines should be made available to the populace.