WOMEN AND DRUG ABUSE IN INDIA: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES (original) (raw)
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Women Substance Abuse a Rising Problem in India
International Journal of Indian Psychology, 2017
This paper traces the role of Substance abuse among women in India. In the last few years, attention has shifted from male to female substance abuse in India. As the numbers of female substance abusers perpetuate to elevate, researches and studies deliberate to understand gender-centric etiological factors, ill effects, phenomenology, outcome, and obstruction cognate to treatment with the aim to develop more efficacious treatment programs. Though, because of non-recognition of women substance abusers, the studies on Indian women substance abusers population being sparse. This paper tries to highlight the issues and rising problem of women substance abuse in India.
Original Substance use among females –Study from Rural Western India
Indian Journal of Community Health
Background: Substance abuse is a common health problem which affects individual and takes a toll on not only person consuming it rather all members of society related to that person. Aim & Objective: The purpose of study was to determine the prevalence of substance use among females & to know the reasons for same and association of socio-demographic profile and substance use. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional study was conducted among females attending OPD at rural health training centre of a medical college for 6months duration. Total 500 females were interviewed for same by convenience sampling. Methods and Material: After taking informed consent from participants all the information was collected on predesigned and pretested oral questionnaire. Statistical analysis used: Qualitative Data was presented in the form of numbers and percentages. Test of significance such as chi-square was applied. Statistical analysis was done using MedCalc version 19.1 and Epi-info7. Results: Prev...
Drug abuse in India – an analysis
In recent years India is facing a major problem with the illicit use of drug, drug trafficking, consuming and so on. It is a complex phenomenon which has various social, cultural, biological, geographical, historical and economic aspects. The processes of industrialization, urbanization and migration have led to loosening of the traditional method of social control. The spread and entrenchment of drug abuse needs to be prevented. The sole aim of the research is to find out the generic answer on it. The researcher believed that improvement in the systems can yet be made. Introduction – : A drug is a chemical substance whether or not obtained from natural sources which is taken for the pleasant effects it produces. It has to be understood that drugs in common use differ in their pharmacological effects. The word " drug " relates not to any one particular kind of drug but to various kinds of narcotic substances, which may differ from one another in its effects both qualitatively and quantitatively. The international convention on Drugs to which India is a signatory has classified drugs into two categories. Such as Narcotic drugs and Psychotropic substances. Drug abuse means taking a drug to reasons other than medical and amount strength, Frequency or manner that damages the physical and mental functioning. The researcher here states that the uses of drug damage the physical and mental health of the individual but also kills him. It ruins his family and social values. The main drugs of abuse in India are cannabis, heroin and opium. Mostly they are used for cultural and traditional reasons, because of easily availability and local cultivation. However there is reported increase in abuse of prescription drugs such as morphine ephedrine morphine, proxyvon, diazepam and codeine based cough syrups. The majority o f addicts are between 15 to 35 years of age and it is the most productive age group of the country. There is also increasing abuse of drugs and psychotropic substances among out of school children, street children. This problem is also spread in the rural areas. The abuse of inject able heroin is particularly widespread in the northeastern state of Manipur, Nagaland and Mizoram. Traditional abuse of opium still continues in the states of Rajasthan, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Utter Pradesh and Gujarat. With every addict, the life of a whole family is affected. Drug addiction is the compulsive use of psychoactive drugs, to the point where the user has no effective choice but to continue use. Drug addiction has 2 components Physical dependency and Psychological dependency. 1)Physical dependency occurs when a drug has been used habitually and the body has become accustomed to its effects. The person must then continue to use the drug in order to feel normal or its absence will trigger the symptoms of withdrawal.
Substance Use and Abuse in India-A Comparative Study with Other Countries
2016
In India, survey revealed some startling facts of Substance Abuse. Cannabis, heroin, and Indian-produced pharmaceutical drugs are the most frequently abused drugs in India.63.6 percent of patients coming in for treatment were introduced to drugs at a young age below 15 years. According to another report 13.1 percent of the people involved in drug and substance abuse in India, are below 20 years. Heroin, Opium, Alcohol, Cannabis and Propoxyphene are the five most common drugs being abused by children in India. A survey shows that of all alcohol, cannabis and opium users 21 percent,3 percent and0.1 percent are below the age of eighteen. An emerging trend about child drug abusers is the use of a cocktail of drugs through injection, and often sharing the same needle, which increases their risk of HIV infection. Overall 0.4percent and 4.6 percent of total treatment seekers in various states were children. The epidemic of substance abuse in young generation has assumed alarming dimensions...
Objectives: High prevalence of stimulants use –especially crystalline methamphetamine (crystal meth)-, which required extensive medical and rehabilitation interventions is a major problem in Iran's health care system. Main objective of the current study was to compare social, economic and cultural factors associated with female's tendency toward use of two main types of drugs including opium and crystal methamphetamine. Methods: The present cross-sectional and comparative study was performed on female opium and Methamphetamine (MA) dependents of Tehran in 2015. 136 women (82 crystal meth consumers and 54 opium consumers) were selected by simple random sampling method whom filled a researcher-developed questionnaire. Data was analyzed by Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Chi-square test using SPSS software V. 19. Results: There were significant differences between two groups in terms of marital status (P=0.012), the believe in better fitness with drug use (P=0.011), and the believe in improved working and studying efficacy (P=0.039). Discussion: It seems that misconceptions of beneficial impact of crystal methamphetamine use on fitness and improved working and studying efficacy could be recognized as a prominent factor for women's tendency toward crystal methamphetamine use. Also, being single and avoiding a stable marital life was a strong factor associated with such tendency. This was whilst opium use was more prevalent among married women, and especially those influenced by their addicted spouse. Highlights ● Misconceptions of beneficial impact of crystal meth on fitness and improved working efficacy is the main reason for women to use crystal meth in Iran. Plain Language Summary Female's addiction is a threat to the health of the society. Substance abuse has recently increased among females in Iran, and tendency toward stimulants use including crystal methamphetamine (glass) has been more than ever. The main motive for conducting the present study was the increased tendency toward crystal methamphetamine (glass) abuse among the Iranian women. The results of the current study indicate that Iranian females misinterpret the effects of glass abuse on fitness and improved occupational and educational functioning. Furthermore, glass abuse is more prevalent among single females.