Monitoring of Agricultural Machines with Used Engine Oil Analysis (original) (raw)

Benefits of lubricant oil analysis for maintenance decision support: a case study

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018

Often, maintenance managers face challenges in making maintenance decisions due to the lack of sufficient and accurate information. It's not uncommon for the current problem to be resolved, but the cause of the problem remains, which is why some types of failures often recur, reducing the equipment availability and generating additional costs. To overcome these challenges, modern maintenance principles are based on the application of the equipment condition monitoring techniques. One of these techniques is used oil analysis also known as lubricant condition monitoring, which yields an insight into the physical and chemical state of the lubricating oil, as well as the condition of the machine elements that come in contact with oil during routine operation. To illustrate the benefits of employing this technique, a case study of asphalt paving machine is presented. In the case study, four basic lubricant parameters (viscosity, water content, solid particulate content and acid number) for the hydraulic system were analysed. The results of the analysis show a sudden increase in the solid particles content, due to which certain maintenance interventions had to be taken to avoid failure of the system and unnecessary maintenance costs. Also, by oil condition monitoring, after two years, maintenance staff received information which is the base for making a decision on the appropriate replacement interval of hydraulic oil.

Determination of Tractor Engine Oil Change Interval Based on Material Properties

Materials

This article focuses on the issue of motor oils used in the engines of non-road mobile machinery (NRMM), more specifically tractors. The primary goal of the paper is to determine the appropriate replacement interval for these oils. The physical properties of the examined samples were first determined by conventional instruments. Furthermore, the concentrations of abrasive metals, contaminants, and additive elements were measured using an optical emission spectrometer. Lastly, the content of water, fuel, and glycol and the products of oxidation, nitration, and sulfation were determined by using infrared spectrometry. The measured values were compared to the limit values. Based on the processing and evaluation of these analyses, the overall condition of the oils was assessed and subsequently the optimal exchange interval of the examined oils was determined. In addition, a risk analysis of the outage was performed. Due to the high yields of crops, farmers can lose a significant amount ...

Field Monitoring of Engine Oil

International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology, 2011

Conditions of the elements of tribomechanical system are very complex and determinate great deal by the adequate characteristics of lubricants. Complexity of conditions is determinated by: temperature of elements in contact and temperature of lubricant, outer load (specific pressure in contact zone), dynamic character of making contact and power and motion transmission. In regard with primary role of lubricant to reduce the negative effects of tribological processes related to friction, wear and increase of temperature in the tribomehanical systems, all types of maintenance include lubrication as a very important part of the whole procedure. On the other hand, lubricant is, as the contact element of the system, carrier of information about the state of the whole system, from the aspect of tribological and other ageing processes. Due to that, analysis of oils, based on properly defined program, represents a very effective metod for monitoring the state of tehnical systems, which ensures early warning signals of potential problems that could lead to failure and break down of the tehnical systems. In the systems structure, besides the mechanical components, the state is also changed of the lubricant itself, what leads to loss of lubricating properties. Investigation procedure of physico-chemical and tribological characteristics of lubricant during exploitation consists of following: oil sampling from real tribomechanical system; measuring physico-chemical characteristics of oil; establishing of wear products participation in oil and measuring tribological characteristics of tribomechanical system in model conditions using sampled oil as lubricant. Analysis of oil samples which contain particles, created as results of wear, enable evaluation of system tribology condition in different phases of system exploatation. In this project, it will be presented results of experimental research physico-chemical and tribological characteristics oil was sampled from engines of vehicles, Mercedes O 345, that were exploited. The research was conducted through periodic sampling oil from engine vehicles listed above. Apart from the fresh oil (,,zero" sample), samples are taken after 10.000 km, 20.000 km and 30.000 km. During the sampling of oil choice of the sampling were conducted carefully according to the actual oil usage, which enabled each sample as representative one.

TECHNICAL SYSTEM CONDITIONS MONITORING VIA THE LUBRICATING OIL ANALYSIS

TECHNICAL SYSTEM CONDITIONS MONITORING VIA THE LUBRICATING OIL ANALYSIS, 2023

Oil monitoring consists of measuring the condition and changes in the structure and characteristics of engine oil over time of exploration. The tests performed on the oil sample give three pieces of information: the condition of the lubricated system, the type of impurities present, and the condition of the oil itself. The state of the system is defined by the number and type of particles, as well as by the change of these parameters with time. The condition of the oil is mostly defined by changes in viscosity, decrement in additives amount, contamination, etc. Proper oil monitoring enables an optimization of the working life of the lubricated system. Namely, the main cause of failure in the lubricated system is the presence of abrasive particles in the oil, which are often products of wear. Therefore, an analysis of wear and contamination must be performed, and the damage and cause of failure must be determined. Considering that it is impossible to eliminate wear, it is necessary to define the critical values of wear for the operation of the system and find the main causes of wear. Intensive wear occurs with an increase in the number of large particles in the entire fluid volume, while in normal wear the particles are of small dimensions. The material from which the particles are made is also of great importance, through which we can determine the origin of the abrasive. Zn, Ca, Ba and Mg indicate the consumption of additives. Fe, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ag, Sn, Mn, and Al indicate wear. Penetration of the coolant into the lubricating oil is indicated with the appearance of Na and B, and the increased content of Ca and Si indicates the contact of the oil with air or malfunction of the air filter. Oil sampling must be carried out exactly in a certain way and on a certain part of the system through which the oil flows. Worn particles tend to settle to the bottom of the oil tank, larger particles settle faster and smaller ones more slowly. If we take a sample by simply draining the oil from the reservoir, we can get an unrealistic picture of the actual condition of the lubricated system.

LUBRICATION OIL CONDITION MONITORING IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION DECKS ENGINES

LUBRICATION OIL CONDITION MONITORING IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION DECKS ENGINES, 2023

Engines are the main part of power plants and decks sea transport facilities. The performance of the engine depends upon the good condition of the components. The failure of engine components could be reduced by using condition-monitoring techniques. These are including vibration analysis, infrared thermography, and engine used oil analysis. The aim of this research is to reduce the failures of engine components by analyzing the used oil. Oil is the life-blood of engines. Much as if doctors assess human health through blood analysis, engine components can be monitored in much the same manner. Analysis is done for various properties like Viscosity, Total Base Number (TBN), Total Acid Number (TAN), Ash Content, Flash Point, Water Content, Contamination, and Wear Metal particles, which used to monitor the wear rate of engine components. The results of the study showed that the intervals of oil replacement based on the oil quality instead of the fixed running hours extend the intervals of oil replacement and achieve the targeted five thousand hours, resulting in reducing maintenance total cost. In condition monitoring, the study figured out the healthiness of engine internal components and no any potential failures are detected.

The lubricants’ parameters monitoring and data collecting

MATEC Web of Conferences 184, 03008 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818403008 Annual Session of Scientific Papers IMT ORADEA 2018, 2018

Abstract. This approach is focused on Machine Intelligence for Diagnosis Automation, a research program, which promotes « preventative maintenance in manufacturing plants through the development of a fully automated prototype for oil analysis and fault prediction. The prototype is based on Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) software and online hardware ». Monitoring the condition of lubricants requires examining the physical, chemical and additive states, which maintain the quality of the lubricants, which is necessary for the proper functioning of the equipment. A lubricant monitoring program, especially from a qualitative point of view, will need to focus on both machine tool wear and degradation of lubricants, as well as on detecting and describing abnormal working conditions for both lubricants and machine parts. This goal can be satisfied by examining all the oils used in a company by completing laboratory tests to generate steps and acceptance classes, as well as unplanned contingency analyses. These laboratory tests can be concentrated and classified into technology-based data sheets based on test-based information and test results, ultimately constituting consistent databases needed to generate monitoring and prevention reports. Data on the condition of the oil parameters used in the hydraulic system for lubricating machine tools have been collected for six months. The data is a matrix organized, with 258648 rows (observations) and 21 columns (parameters).

OIL ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINEE

All engines must be lubricated in order to preserve the integrity of the system for its designated lifetime. The extreme temperatures in internal combustion engines make lubrication complex. The lubricants that are suitable for use in these engines are expected to reduce friction, dissipate heat from internal parts, minimize deposit formation, and prevent corrosion and wear. Its main function is to reduce friction by forming a film between two moving surfaces. The strength and durability of this film is related to the viscosity of the lubrication and to the speed and load experienced by the moving surfaces. Analyzing the lubricant of an internal combustion engine one can foresee what is happening inside it. For instance, wear between the valve and seat is thought to occur primarily due to relative motion when the valve is seated, due to cylinder pressure that forces the valve into the seat, causing slight deflections of both valve and seat. In order to study the predictive maintenance in an internal combustion engine, through wear particle oil analysis, it was constructed two tests rig composed by an engine coupled to a reducer. This work presents some results in the test rigs working with different lubricant. For analysis it was used analytical ferrography, viscosity measurement, TBN, spectrometry and magnetic particle quantifier. The result showed good agreement with the observed after disassembling the motors.

The Importance of Lubricant and Fluid Analysis in Predictive Maintenance

International journal of engineering research and technology, 2021

Machine condition monitoring or predictive maintenance is the practice of assessing a machines condition by periodically gathering data on key machine-health indicators to determine when to schedule maintenance. One of the keys to keeping machinery operating at optimal performance involves monitoring and analyzing lubricant oils for characteristics such as contamination, chemical content and viscosity. Billions of dollars are spent annually replacing machinery components that have worn out due to the inability of the lubricants to perform the required task. Knowing how to interpret changing lubricant properties scan increase both the uptime and the life of your mission critical capital equipment. The existence or amount of debris and particles from wearing parts, erosion and contamination provide insights about the issues affecting performance and reliability. Lubricant, fuel and other key fluid analyses provide critical early warning information indicative of machine failure. Analyzing and trending the data means it can schedule maintenance before a critical failure. The result-higher equipment availability and productivity lower the maintenance costs.

Condition Monitoring of I.C Engines by using Oil Analysis

Engine is the main part of the automobile vehicle. Diesel and petrol engines can be used for the automobile vehicle. Performance of the engine depends upon the good condition of the components like cylinder, cylinder head, piston, piston ring, valves, connecting rod, crank shaft, cam shaft etc. The failures of engine component can be reduced by condition monitoring techniques. There are many types of condition monitoring techniques are available vibration analysis, infrared thermography, engine oil analysis, as non-destructive tests. The aim of this paper is to reduce the failures of engine components by analyzing the used oil. In these paper engine oil analysis techniques is used. Engine oil is the life-blood of machinery. Much like doctors assess our health through urine analysis, engine components must be monitored in much the same manner. Engine oil analysis mean testing a sample of engine oil in unused and used condition. Analysis done for various properties like viscosity, volatile matters, total base number, total acid number, ash content, flash point and wear metals particles like Iron, aluminum, copper, chromium, lead, zinc in order to monitor the wear of the engine components. The properties of the oil will be changed based on the distance travelled. The used oil can be collected from the engine after various running kilometer and analyzed.