Overweight Prevalence in Persons With Down Syndrome (original) (raw)
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Exploring the Weight and Health Status of Adults with Down Syndrome
Journal of Education and Training Studies, 2017
Background: People with developmental disabilities experience worse health than typically developing peers. This health differential is often described in terms of health disparities, which refers to differences caused or exacerbated by social or access issues. Objective: the goal of this study was to compare the weight status and health conditions of adults with Down syndrome to comparison groups of adults with developmental disabilities and adults with no disability. Methods: Information about health risks and health conditions was collected for 291 adults with Down syndrome living in Ohio through an online survey. We compared this data on adults with Down syndrome to state-level data from adults without disabilities (2012 BRFSS) and Ohio data on a random sample of adults with developmental disabilities other than Down syndrome (2012-2013 National Core Indicators). Results: Adults with Down syndrome were 3 times more likely to be overweight or obese than adults without disabilitie...
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Down Syndrome
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.7\_Issue.7\_July2017/IJHSR\_Abstract.011.html, 2017
Objectives: To correlate whether the individuals with Down syndrome are at increased risk of overweight or obesity and is there any difference in BMI between male and female Down syndrome. Study designs: The study was conducted on 96 cases (59 males and 37 females) of Down syndrome with the age ranging from one year to 40 years. All 96 cases were randomly selected from various special schools of Tamilnadu state of India. The participant's weight and height were measured using digital weighing scale and stadiometer respectively. BMI (Kg/m 2) was calculated. Data were compiled on SPSS version 16.0 and unpaired t-test were used for comparing variables. Results: There were significant differences in BMI of males and females Down syndrome cases. As per National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Charts for Down syndrome from birth to 18 years of age, BMI percentile between 85 th and 95 th were observed in 12% of males and 35% of females Down syndrome. Since National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Charts are limited only to Down syndrome up to the age of 18 years, WHO categories was used from 19 years to 40 years of cases, BMI above 25kg/m 2 were observed in 13% males and 20% females. BMI above 30kg/m 2 were present only in 2% of male Down syndrome. Conclusions: Our study indicates that there is no question of obesity up to the age of 18 years of Down syndrome, but many of them were found to be overweight. Only 2 % of cases were observed in obesity category that too between 19 to 40 years. Hence physical activity based intervention should be strictly followed in preventing overweight gain in all Down syndrome cases. Development of various other associated diseases due to overweight and obesity could be prevented with strict physical activity under supervision.
The prevalence of obesity in children and young people with Down syndrome
Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID, 2018
Overweight and obesity is a growing concern among individuals with intellectual disabilities; however, little is known about the prevalence among children and youth with Down syndrome (CYDS). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight/obesity among CYDS in South West Ireland. This cross-sectional study measured height and weight of 61 CYDS aged 4-16 years. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and percentage body fat (PBF) was measured using bio-electrical impendence analysis (BIA). Using the International Obesity Task Force BMI cut-offs, 51.6% of males and 40% of females were overweight/obese compared to 32% and 14.8%, respectively, using PBF. The mean PBF for males was 18.76 versus females 22.38 (p < .05). There is a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity, particularly in males, compared to the general population of children. The difference in estimation of overweight/obesity between BMI and BIA has implications for research and clinical practice.
Trends in Obesity and Overweight in Oregon Children With Down Syndrome
Global Pediatric Health, 2019
Background. Although obesity is a commonly discussed issue in the medical management of children with Down syndrome, there have been no large studies published on its prevalence in the United States or associations with other common comorbidities in this population. Methods. Using a database of children from a single medical center Down syndrome specialty clinic and the standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions, we calculated rates of obesity and overweight by age group and examined possible associations with common comorbidities including cardiac disease, thyroid disease, sleep apnea, autism, and visual and hearing impairment. We also examined mean body mass index (BMI) percentile and change in BMI percentile by age. Results. Data were obtained from 823 visits from 412 unique patients ranging in age from 2 years to 23 years of age. A total of 1.2% were underweight, 55.2% were normal weight, 23% were overweight, and 20.6% were obese. BMI percentile increased wi...
Energy expenditure and weight-related behaviors in youth with Down syndrome: a protocol
Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2023
The lack of accurate information on energy expenditure and weight-related behaviors in youth with DS significantly impedes the successful prevention and treatment of obesity for this vulnerable population. The findings of this study will provide a further understanding of weight-related behaviors as obesity risk factors, currently not well understood for this population. This study will advance the science of weight management in individuals with disabilities and shift clinical practice paradigms.
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, 2014
Background: Despite the confluence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, subclinical atherosclerotic damage and cardiovascular events remain extremely rare in adults with Down syndrome (DS). We aim to determine the prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders in an adult cohort with DS and to compare our findings with adults without DS. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 51 consecutively selected adults with DS living in the community and 51 healthy controls in an outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Madrid, Spain. Epidemiological data (age and gender), anthropometric data (body mass index and waist-to-height ratio), coexisting clinical conditions, and laboratory data (fasting glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, creatinine, thyroid hormones, vitamins, and lipid profile) were measured and compared between the groups. Results: Adults with DS were significantly younger and more often men with a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity than controls. Their waist-to-height ratio was higher, and they more frequently had abdominal obesity. The results of an analysis adjusted for age and gender revealed no differences in fasting insulin levels, homeostatic model assessment indexes, or lipid profile between adults with DS and controls. Conclusion: Adults with DS presented a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. However, we found no differences in lipid profile, prevalence of insulin resistance, or metabolic syndrome between adults with DS and controls.
Predictors of BMI among adults with down syndrome: The social context of health promotion
Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1997
The study explored the relationship ~[' diet, exercise, disability status, and degree ~?(social integration to Body Mass Index, an indicator of excess weight and health status. Subjects were adults with Down syndrome living at home with their .[amilies. Variables included a llO-item nutritional analysis and assessments ~?[' .[amily demographics, severio, ~f disabili~', and "'l~[estyle" variables, such as friendship and a~liation, access to recreation and social activi~, and level ~]" physical activity. A factor analysis reduced lifestyle variables into three distinet factors representing friendship, social opportuni~.', and physical competency. Factor scores were entered into a hierarchical regression model that compared the variance predicted by these factors to the variance accounted Jbr by diet, exercise, and health and physical status variables. Although the overall regression was not statistically significant, the final bh)ck of predictors, which represented friendship and social opportunity effects, accounted for a significant increment in BMI variance. Thus, even after the effects ~f diet, exercise, and physical status variables were partitioned out, the lifestyle variables remained potent predictors of BML Study conclusions are described in the context c?f current paradigms of health in the field of mental retardation and their relationship to inclusion in the community.
Are poor physical fitness and obesity two features of the adolescent with Down syndrome?
Nutrición hospitalaria
La obesidad es considerada una característica de los jóvenes con SD, sin embargo se desconoce si la "baja condición física" también lo es. Objetivo: Comparar los niveles de obesidad y condición física en adolescentes con y sin SD. Métodos: Participaron 17 adolescentes (5 niñas) con SD de 12 a 18 años y un grupo control de 94 (45 niñas) adolescentes sin SD de 12-16 años de edad. La batería de condición física ALPHA relacionada con la salud para niños y adolescentes fue seleccionada para evaluar la obesidad y la condición física en ambos grupos. Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias en los niveles de obesidad entre grupos (P > 0,27). Los adolescentes con SD tuvieron niveles más bajos de condición física en todos los test en comparación con los adolescentes sin SD (P < 0,001). Conclusión: Los adolescentes con SD tienen niveles similares de obesidad y menores de condición física que sus compañeros sin SD.
Nutritional Status and Risk Factors for Chronic Disease in Urban-Dwelling Adults With Down Syndrome
Nutritional status and biochemical risk factors for chronic disease were assessed in 48 community-dwelling adults with Down syndrome in the Chicago area. Dietary intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire completed by the participant's primary caregiver; anthropometric measures included height and weight and waist circumference. Plasma glucose and lipid concentrations were assessed following a 10-hour fast. Overall, 89% of participants were overweight or obese, 54% had large waist circumferences, and none met the current guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake. Mean concentrations for lipids and glucose, however, were within normal limits; and prevalence for hypertension, elevated lipids, and glucose were less than those for the general population of the United States.
Association between Physical Activity and Adiposity in Adolescents with Down Syndrome
Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2018
Obesity is highly prevalent among adolescents with Down syndrome (DS); however, reported associations between body composition and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) have been small and nonsignificant. The purpose of this study was to compare group differences between adolescents with and without DS, including dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measured body composition and accelerometer-measured physical activity, and then examine associations within adolescents with DS. Thirty-nine adolescents (22 with DS and 17 typically developing controls) 12-18 yr of age participated in the study. Groups had similar distributions of age, sex, and Tanner pubertal stage. Body composition was assessed by DXA, body mass index (BMI), and BMI percentile. MVPA was measured with ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers. Adolescents with DS had significantly higher BMI, BMI percentile, and DXA-derived percent body fat (%BF) as well as lower MVPA compared with controls (P < 0.05). Associations b...