COVID-19 and Diabetes: Relationship and Factors of Severity (original) (raw)
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Covid-19 and Diabetes Mellitus: A Life-Threatening Reciprocal Association
Journal Of Biochemical Technology, 2021
COVID-19 has taken the world by storm and is now posing as a massive burden on the healthcare services of the world. Another long-standing global epidemic is Diabetes mellitus and Diabetics who get infected with COVID-19 have been seen to have worse outcomes and a high non-survival rate. The global focus is to control the pandemic for which diabetes has proved to be a vulnerable group. The present review aimed to assemble the information about Diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 mainly focusing on the interrelation of pandemics of the past and Diabetes mellitus, possible pathophysiological mechanisms governing COVID-19 in diabetics, the effect of COVID-19 infection on underlying Diabetes mellitus, morbidity, and mortality in diabetic COVID-19 patients and finally the management of Diabetes mellitus in the current pandemic.it is concluded that this COVID-19 pandemic is still lurking and it is of great importance to highlight the fact that a high percentage of the population of the world is affected by various comorbidities like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, COPD, obesity, etc which makes a subset of the population more vulnerable. This vulnerable population is at increased risk for a poor outcome if affected by COVID-19. Hence, we as a society should prioritize this population at risk to avoid adding additional burden to the already overburdened health care system in the present COVID-19 scenario.
Diabetes and COVID-19: A Review
2020
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease and since its first identification in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, there has been a rapid increase in cases and deaths across the world. COVID-19 has been shown to have an immense impact in infected persons with diabetes, worsening their outcome, especially in elderly, smokers, obese, those having CVD, CKD, poor glycemic control and long duration of diabetes. In this review we summarize the current understanding of `the impact of COVID-19 on diabetes and discusses the pathophysiological mechanisms and management of diabetes and its complication in this scenario.
Inflammopharmacology
According to recent researches, people with diabetes mellitus (type 1 and 2) have a higher incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by a SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this regard, COVID-19 may make diabetic patients more sensitive to hyperglycemia by modifying the immunological and inflammatory responses and increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) predisposing the patients to severe COVID-19 and potentially lethal results. Actually, in addition to COVID-19, diabetic patients have been demonstrated to have abnormally high levels of inflammatory cytokines, increased virus entrance, and decreased immune response. On the other hand, during the severe stage of COVID-19, the SARS-CoV-2-infected patients have lymphopenia and inflammatory cytokine storms that cause damage to several body organs such as β cells of the pancreas which may make them as future diabetic candidates. In this line, the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, which is activated by a number of mediators, plays a substantial part in cytokine storms through various pathways. In this pathway, some polymorphisms also make the individuals more competent to diabetes via infection with SARS-CoV-2. On the other hand, during hospitalization of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, the use of some drugs may unintentionally lead to diabetes in the future via increasing inflammation and stress oxidative. Thus, in this review, we will first explain why diabetic patients are more susceptible to COVID-19. Second, we will warn about a future global diabetes tsunami via the SARS-CoV-2 as one of its long-term complications.
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): 10 Questions and Discussion Points for Diabetes and COVID-19
Review Article, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic is now an international concern. COVID-19 is first reported in Wuhan, China on 31 December 2019 and affects different people in different ways. Evidence suggests that people with underlying disease are at higher risk for more severe disease. People with diabetes are not only more likely than the general population to have COVID-19 but also they are among those high-risk categories that can have serious illness if they get the virus.
Association and treatment of diabetes in patients affected by Covid-19
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences
In December 2019, a unique coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV-2, was first identified in the province of Wuhan in China. Since then, it spread rapidly all over the world and has been responsible for a large number of morbidity and mortality among humans. According to a latest study, Diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, Hypertension etc. are being considered important risk factors for the development of this infection and is also associated with unfavorable outcomes in these patients. There is little evidence concerning the trail back of these patients possibly because of a small number of participants and people who experienced primary composite outcomes (such as admission in the ICU, usage of machine-driven ventilation or even fatality of these patients). Until now, there are no academic findings that have proven independent prognostic value of diabetes on death in the novel Coronavirus patients. However, there are several conjectures linking Diabetes with the impact as well as progress...
“Elucidation of the Shared Pathophysiology between Diabetes and COVID-19”
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2022
Background: COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading communicable disease worldwide. It varies widely in its spectrum of manifestations, from being mild self-limiting disease, to fulminant disease, often leading to complications and death. Diabetes is an important co-morbidity linked to severity of infection by SARSCoV- 2, which predisposes them to severe pneumonia. Poor glycaemic control is associated with worse outcomes. The disease burden of COVID-19 is continuously increasing, and with a high prevalence of diabetes, it is all the more important to understand the vital aspects of COVID-19 infection in diabetic population. Hence, we try to provide close insights into its pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, recommendations on management and prevention and possible avenues for improving disease outcomes. Methods: PubMed database and Google Scholar were searched using the key terms ‘COVID-19’, ‘SARS CoV- 2’, ‘Corona’ and ‘diabetes’. Full texts of the retrieved articles were accessed an...
COVID-19 and diabetes: What do we know so far?
Experimental Biology and Medicine
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) management has been challenging for patients with comorbidities. Patients with diabetes and COVID-19, in particular, have shown severe symptoms and rapid progression of the disease. They also have a high mortality rate compared to the non-diabetic population. The high mortality rate is caused in people with diabetes who are in a pro-inflammatory condition; this could worsen COVID-19. In addition, people with diabetes have circulatory issues and COVID-19 infection can lead to further clotting problems. It is critical to understand the mechanisms underlying the adverse clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes and COVID-19. This review discusses various disease conditions contributing to poor prognosis in diabetic COVID-19 patients such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, impaired pancreatic function, and production of advanced glycation end products.