Pharmacological evaluation of Prosopis ruscifolia extract on lipid profile in hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic mice (original) (raw)
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Prosopis ruscifolia, vinal, is used to treat diabetes. This work aims to study the influence of the hydro-alcoholic extract of this plant on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Hydroalcoholic extract from aerial parts of Prosopis ruscifolia Griseb. (Fabaceae) was prepared (Pr) and the safety was assessed to determine the acute toxicity in mice. The hypoglycemic activity of the extract was evaluated in normo-and hyperglycemic rats. Hyperglycemia was induced by intravenous administration of alloxan monohydrate (32 mg/Kg body weight). Rats with blood glucose level higher than 200 mg/dL were used for the experiment. The animals were assigned to different groups and treated with a single dose of solvent (water, p.o.), Pr (100 mg/Kg, p.o.), tolbutamide (100 mg/Kg, p.o.) or insulin (5 IU/kg, i.p.); Pr extract was also administered to normoglycemic rats (100 mg/kg, p.o.). Fasted blood glucose level was measured at times 0, 1, 2, 4 and 24 h after treatment, in the acute test, and at days 0, 14, 21 and 28, in the chronic study. No evidence of acute toxicity in mice was observed. The results show that Pr extract significantly reduces blood glucose level in hyperglycemic rats (p < 0.01) 24 h after administration of a single oral dose of 100 mg/Kg. Treatment with Pr during 28 days showed a reduction in blood glucose level in experimentally hyperglycemic rats. Additionally, rats treated with the extract showed a reduced body weight gain. Prosopis ruscifolia hydroalcoholic extract showed low toxicity. After acute and chronic oral treatment was effective to reduce fasted blood glucose level, and the body weight gain was less after 28 days in the treated group.
Vitae
Background: Diabetes mellitus treatment is based on oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. Medicinal plants constitute an option, and the leaves of Prosopis ruscifolia (Pr) were shown to be effective in reducing glycemia in hyperglycemic animals. Objective: In this paper, we report the effect of P. rusciofolia (Pr) on insulin and incretin secretion in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats. Methodology: The effective dose was selected, and four groups (n=10) of Wistar rats were used. Two groups with normal glycemia received water or Pr (75 mg/Kg, per os, p.o.), and two groups with hyperglycemia induced by alloxan (intraperitoneal, ip), received water or Pr (75 mg/Kg, p.o.) for 2 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test, and incretin and insulin levels were measured at the end of the experimental period. Results: The results showed that extract promotes better tolerance to oral glucose overload, in addition to a statistically significant (p<0.001) increase in blood levels of incretin and insu...
HYPOLIPIDEMIC AND ANTIATHEROSCLEROTIC EFFECTS OF PROSOPIS CINERARIA BARK
Dietary antioxidants and flavonoids like phytochemicals occurred in several herbs have potential to improve cardiovascular health. Prosopis cineraria (Fabaceae) is also widely uses on above basis for traditional therapeutic purposes. It is the Thar Desert prominent tree. This study evaluated the hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic effects of Prosopis cineraria bark extract in hyperlipidemic rabbits. The rabbits were made to induce exogenously hyperlipidemic through orally administration of high fat diet and cholesterol powder (500mg/Kg body weight per day in 5 ml of coconut oil orally for 15 days). The induced hyperlipidemic rabbits were treated comparatively by bark extract of Prosopis cineraria and standard drug. The administration of Prosopis cineraria bark extract (70% ethanol) significantly (P ≤ 0.001) reduced serum total cholesterol (88%), LDL-C (95%), triglyceride (59%), VLDL-C (60%) and also ischemic indices (Total cholesterol/LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C). The Prosopis cineraria bark extract also significantly (P ≤ 0.001) prevented the atherogenic changes in aorta. Toxicity profile parameters were also examined and remained under normal ranges. Results indicated that Prosopis cineraria bark has hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic efficacy along with non-toxic nature.
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background and Objective: Prosopis farcta fruit (PFF) is known to have antioxidant activity. Antioxidants can reduce and prevent dyslipidemia and hyperglycemic in diabetic patients. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of PFF hydroalcoholic extract on some blood biochemical parameters in insulin resistance model of rats. Methods: In this experimental study, diabetes was induced by feeding the animals with fructose (12% w/v) and soybean (20% dry matter) for 6 weeks followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). The animals were divided into four groups: 1 and 2) Healthy and diabetic controls; 3 and 4) healthy and diabetic rats receiving PFF (100 mg/kg body weight). The blood samples were collected and the serum concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C were investigated. Results: Streptozotocin increased serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL-C (P < 0.05), but PFF extract lowered the serum concentrations of these variables (P < 0.05) in diabetic rats. Conclusions: PFF extract might be useful for the treatment of hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic in diabetic patients.
EFFECT OF PROSOPIS CINERARIA BARK EXTRACT ON HEMATOLOGY IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC RABBITS PDF
Prosopis cineraria is known as a boon tree of the Thar desert by its multipule uses and its medicinal values. This study evaluated the effect of Prosopis cineraria (Family: Leguminosae and Subfamily: Mimosidae) bark extract on hematological alleviations with hypolipiemic efficacy in hypetercholesrolemic rabbits. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by orally administration of high fat diet and cholesterol powder (500 mg / Kg body weight / day). The treatment of Prosopis cineraria bark extract reduced lipid profile parameters i.e. total cholesterol up to 91.7%, LDL-cholesterol 93%, triglyceride 59% and VLDL-cholesterol 60%. Administration of Prosopis cineraria bark was not altered significantly hematological parameters such as TLC (Th/mm 3 ), RBC (million/mm 3 ), HGB (gm/dl), HCT. %, MCV (µmm 3 ), MCH (pg), MCHC (gm/dl), Plat. (Lacs/mm 3 ), LYM. %, MO. %, GRN. %, RDW. %, PCT., MPV (µmm 3 ) and PDW. %. Toxicological parmeters i.e. creatine, blood urea, SGPT and SGOT were also examined and remained under normal ranges. The results of this study indicated that Prosopis cineraria bark extract has potent hypolipidemic efficacy along with protective alleviations on hematology.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2011
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Diabetes mellitus is rampantly increasing and the need for therapeutics is crucial. In recognition of this, untested antidiabetic agents are flooding the market. Diavite TM which is a product consisting solely of the dried and ground pods of Prosopis glandulosa (Torr.) [Fabaceae] is currently marketed as a food supplement with glucose stabilizing properties. However, these are anecdotal claims lacking scientific evidence. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of Prosopis glandulosa as an antidiabetic agent. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were rendered (a) type 1 diabetic after an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (40 mg/kg) and (b) insulin resistant after a 16-week high caloric diet (DIO). Zucker fa/fa ZDF rats were used in a pilot study. Half of each group of animals was placed on Prosopis glandulosa treatment (100 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks and the remaining animals served as age-matched controls. At the time of sacrifice, blood was collected for glucose and insulin level determination, the pancreata of the STZ rats were harvested for histological analysis and cardiomyocytes prepared from the DIO and Zucker fa/fa hearts for determination of insulin sensitivity. Results: Type 1 diabetic model: Prosopis glandulosa treatment resulted in significant increased insulin levels (p < 0.001), which was accompanied by a significant decrease in blood glucose levels (p < 0.05). Additionally, Prosopis glandulosa treatment resulted in increased small -cells (p < 0.001) in the pancreata. The body weight of the STZ animals decreased significantly after STZ injection, with Prosopis glandulosa treatment partially preventing this. Zucker fa/fa rats: Prosopis glandulosa treatment significantly reduced fasting glucose levels (p < 0.01) and improved IPGTT, when comparing treated to untreated animals. DIO insulin resistant model: Prosopis glandulosa treatment resulted in an increased basal (p < 0.01) and insulinstimulated (p < 0.05) glucose uptake by cardiomyocytes prepared from this group. Conclusions: The present study showed that Prosopis glandulosa treatment moderately lowers glucose levels in different animal models of diabetes, stimulates insulin secretion, leads to the formation of small -cells and improves insulin sensitivity of isolated cardiomyocytes.
2017
Background: Previous studies have shown the beneficial effects of Prosopis species in the treatment of diabetes in traditional medicine. This study was performed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effects of Prosopis farcta (P.farcta) in streptozocin- induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (55mg/kg). Male Wistar rats were treated with either P. farcta (100, 150, and 300 mg/kg.) or glibenclamide (10mg/kg) orally once a day for a period of 28 days. Control rats received saline. Changes in body weight and blood glucose were measured at the end of each week for 4 weeks. Results: The results of this study showed a significant increase in blood glucose, and decrease of body weight in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. P. farcta administration for 28 days in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats suppressed the weight reduction significantly in a dose dependent manner (P<0.001). Also, P. farcta, like glibenclamide, showed significan...
2016
Diabetes affects the heart muscle, causing both systolic and diastolic heart failure; both insulin deficiency and insulin resistance promote dyslipidemia. Effect of aqueous extract of Calotropis procera leaf was evaluated on lipid profile and atherogenic markers in alloxan-induced diabetic rat using standard procedures. Adult albino rats (Wistar strain) of mean weight 100.0±2.0g were randomised into six groups (A-F) such that group A (non-diabetic) orally received 0.5ml of distilled water once daily for 10 days. Animals in group B, C, D, E and F which were made diabetic with alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight i.p) also received once daily 0.5ml of metformin (2.5 mg/kg b.w p.o), 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight o.p. of the extract respectively. The results revealed that blood glucose of the alloxanised rats significantly and progressively reduced in the metformin and extract treated animals within 36 hours. Total cholesterol, LDL-c, triacylglycerol, Log (TG/HDL-c), observed in distilled ...
Lipids in Health and Disease
Background: The HMG-CoA reductase is key enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis which potentially contributes in management of hypercholesterolemia. The present study was designed to assess the inhibitory effect of phytoconstituents of an ethanolic extract of Prosopis cineraria pods on HMG-CoA reductase and regression potential of atherosclerotic plaque. Methods: Healthy, adult male, albino rabbits in which hypercholesterolemia was induced by supplying the high fat diet and a supplement of cholesterol powder with coconut oil (500 mg/5 ml/Day/kg body weight) for 15 days, were used as a disease model. Phytochemical analysis of an ethanolic extract Prosopis cineraria pods was conducted using LCMS, GCMS and FTIR analysis. Further, in-vitro, in-vivo and in-silico assessments were performed. Results: The in-vitro assessment of HMG-CoA reductase activity indicated a 67.1 and 97.3% inhibition by the extract and a standard drug (Pravastatin), respectively. Additionally, an in-silico evaluation was made using appropriate docking software and results also indicated as significant interactions of the identified compounds with the target enzyme. Treatment of rabbits with the ethanolic extract of P. cineraria pod resulted in significant (P ≤ 0.001) reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, and triglyceride. Accordingly, reductions were occurred in atherosclerotic plaque, intima and media of aortal wall along with lumen volume of the aorta significantly increased (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: It can be illustrating that the ethanolic extract of Prosopis cineraria pod contains potent bioactive phytocompounds might be inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and have regression potential of atherosclerotic plaque.
2016
Diabetes affects the heart muscle, causing both systolic and diastolic heart failure; both insulin deficiency and insulin resistance promote dyslipidemia. Effect of aqueous extract of Calotropis procera leaf was evaluated on lipid profile and atherogenic markers in alloxan-induced diabetic rat using standard procedures. Adult albino rats (Wistar strain) of mean weight 100.0±2.0g were randomised into six groups (A-F) such that group A (non-diabetic) orally received 0.5ml of distilled water once daily for 10 days. Animals in group B, C, D, E and F which were made diabetic with alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight i.p) also received once daily 0.5ml of metformin (2.5 mg/kg b.w p.o), 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight o.p. of the extract respectively. The results revealed that blood glucose of the alloxanised rats significantly and progressively reduced in the metformin-and extract-treated animals within 36 hours. Total cholesterol, LDL-c, triacylglycerol, Log (TG/HDL-c), observed in distilled ...