Factors Contributing for Vulnerability on Livelihood of Fishers of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra State, India (original) (raw)
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Vulnerability assessment of coastal fisher households in Kerala: A climate change perspective
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An Assessment of Vulnerability of Fishers’ Livelihood to Climate Change in Coastal Odisha
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A study was conducted in Odisha, a state on the east coast of India, with the objective of assessing the vulnerability of fishers’ livelihood to climate change. The state was chosen for study since it is considered as one of the most vulnerable states due to climate change. A total of 120 fishers were interviewed from two districts, Balasore and Ganjam, to assess their livelihood vulnerability by considering their exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity to climate change. A composite livelihood vulnerability index by suggesting that fishers are vulnerable to climate change. For fishers of + 0.03 and for Ganjam it was 0.5 minima 0, and maxima 1 was used for the purpose. Baleswar the score was 0.56 0.04, s. The aggregated vulnerability score was found to be 0.54+The composite livelihood vulnerability index approach calculates vulnerability by aggregating data for a set of indicators for the components of vulnerability which include exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity + 0....
Vulnerability of Coastal Fisher Households to Climate Change: A Case Study from Gujarat, India
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2017
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2009
Vulnerability leads to poverty; poverty leads to vulnerability, a controversial two concepts without an end nor a start. From recent past, poverty has been addressed in terms of vulnerability. There, the possible ways to be vulnerable is stressed to investigate. Risks, shocks, and uncertainty have been identified as the profound sources of vulnerability so as to poverty. The coping strategies of such negative impacts or coping mechanisms to way out of the vulnerability is essential to alleviate poverty within the community. In fact, the study was designed to assess the coping mechanisms of vulnerability that are adapting to hammer the idiosyncratic risks and shocks in the smallscale fishing community in Southern Sri Lanka. Stratified random technique was applied to draw a sample of three groups representing, NMRT owners, FRP owners, and crew members. Totally 25 households were selected from each sites of Rekawa and Kalamatiya; two fishing villages in South. Both panel data of six month period and a cross sectional survey was carried out to glean the data. The results highlight a clear variation of fishing income between season and off-season for the whole three groups. The FRP owners', main cash inflows are fishing income, drawings, gifts, bank loans, and cooperatives where the fishing income and drawings would be for the NMRT owners, irrespective of the season. Zero income, harsh sea condition, inability to secure operational expenses, and damage of crafts/ gear knock their livelihoods frequently. Hence, the individuals are adapting memberships in formal organizations, accumulation of wealth, activity diversification, migration, and social networks as ex-ante risk coping strategies. Loans from friends, selling/mortgage, borrowing/withdrawals from banks, and intra-community transfers are the ex-post risk coping strategies. The safety net arrangements are vital to ensure the mutual insurance among the small-scale fishers. The importance of a high heterogeneity within a network is elaborated by the income-expenditure, and saving patterns of the groups.
2019
The limitation of traditional fishery business is caused by many factors, e.g., weather and climate, capital, a still simple technology, and internal issues of fishermen households causing low fish production. This can further lead to the low income of traditional fishermen which making it difficult to meet the minimum needs of households, and causing their vulnerability. This research intended to describe the vulnerability condition of fishermen households and analyze the factors causing it. Data used in this research were primary data and secondary data. Data results were obtained by counting the score numbers on the respondents. From the data results, it was found that most of the incomes of fishermen households using motor boats were on the low vulnerability score levels while the average of the incomes of fishermen households using outboard motor boats were on the medium and high vulnerability score levels. Whereas the significant variables causing vulnerability for motor boat ...
Fishermen Livelihoods and Climate Risk: A Study of Uran Koliwada, Raigad, Maharashtra
2016
Fishermen depend for a major part of their livelihood on natural resources whose distribution and productivity are known to be influenced by climate dynamics. However, most studies have concentrated on climate-driven changes in ocean productivity and its impact on fish distribution and production and have not considered effects on fishing activities and their adaptive strategies. The study sought to investigate the effect of climate risk on the fishing activities in Uran koliwada of Raigad district, Maharashtra. The main objectives of the study were to find out the change in fishing efforts and production, effects of weather and climate variability on fish catch, fishing duration, and livelihoods. To realize these objectives a survey, focus group discussion and in-depth interviews were conducted to collect primary and secondary data from different departments. The study established that catch per unit efforts is a crude measure of abundance and weather and climate variability have an impact on fishermen such as loss of life, boat submergence, and health of fishermen.
Coastal region of Bangladesh is a pathway for a number of weather related natural disasters and has been experiencing cyclones and their fearsome sea surges with furious intensity which is most likely to be further aggravated as these atmospheric heat engines (cyclones) gather more energy from warmer sea. The Bay of Bengal became more conductive to tropical cyclone intensification due to increase in sea surface temperature & upper ocean heat content and increase in such rough sea events are directly affecting the major means of livings of more than 3.5 million coastal people. Fisheries of the Bay of Bengal & other aquatic resources serve as a source of livelihood and employment opportunities for the surrounding coastal communities. Such Climatic extremes coincided with over exploitation have left majority of those people in severe crisis who depend on it. Diversified impact of climate change affects this marginal coastal fisher's groups in different ways and cause numerous loss and damage. The extent and dimension of climate change induced loss and damage is very complex and hardly proportional. This research study applied participatory action research tools to explore the nature and dimensions of climate change induced loss and damage of this marginal professional groups based on the experience, perception and thoughts of the coastal fisher folks. The study revealed that, majority of the fishermen had to experience unfinished trip at least 3 to 4 time due to warning signal throughout the year of 2016 and on an average, such trip cost them an economic loss of more than BDT 3000. Most of the fishermen have to travel 10 to 15 additional hours on the deep sea as due to shift in fishing reservoirs and all the respondent expressed their concern regarding sea surface temperature rise, increased salinity and sea level rise. They also have been experiencing more intensified rough sea events including depressions and cyclones. Apart from those, limited technological accessnot only in terms of fishing boats & gears but also in terms of access to weather forecast receiving instruments, safety equipments and poor socio-economic condition have aggravated their sufferings to further extend. Government has various safety net supports schemes but none of them are explicitly deal with fishing communities except the "Coastal fishers support scheme (also called as fishers ID card). Both informal and institutional credit mechanisms were found in both the study areas but more than 50% of the respondents from the Cox's Bazar were engaged with informal one (dadan) while in case of Barguna, more than 60% respondents reported their engagement with institutional microcredit. Surprisingly, more than 50% of the respondents stated that they know about insurance and significant portion of them met insurance agent and have basic understanding on different policy schemes. Though the understanding was very limited to life insurance scheme only, however, majority of the respondents (97% in Barguna and 88.2% in Cox's Bazar) expressed their willingness to pay a monthly premium up to BDT 500 for their fishing boats and nets if rationale compensations are ensured. For addressing loss and damage, combination of efforts are required at individual & institutional level. More specific poverty reduction programmes and special support schemes are need be initiated this for this marginal coastal fishing communities. Insurance can be a part of the solutions but feasible and suitable mechanism needs to be developed before introduction.
Livelihood Assessment of Fishers in Dal Lake, Kashmir
Indian Journal of Extension Education
The study investigates the livelihood conditions, vulnerability, and resilience of the Dal Lake fishers and their readiness and strength to withstand climate shocks and vulnerabilities. The study was conducted in 2019-2020 in three fishing villages of Dal Lake Kashmir, where the livelihood and vulnerability of fisheries-based livelihoods were assessed through a composite index development approach. The fishers of Dal Lake are moderately vulnerable to climate variability and changes. The status of the livelihood capitals of the fishers reveals that most of the capitals are of moderate type, however, the financial capital is poor horizontally among all the fishing villages. It was also found that the socio economic conditions and resilience of the people are in very poor condition. The fisheries related activities and policies are being side-lined because of giving more importance to tourism. The management of the lake is shared between the Fisheries & Tourism departments, and the Jam...
A STUDY ON POST LIVELIHOOD SECURITY OF OCKHI CYCLONE IN FISHERMEN COMMUNITY -IN KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT
Transstellar Journal , 2019
The present study is to make an attempt in the analysis of the post livelihood status of the fishermen community due to Ockhi cyclone in Kanyakumari district. Livelihood is a competitive interaction between humans and resources in terms of human capital, natural capital, financial capital, physical capital, and social capital. The block will be selected based on the death of fishermen to each block of the Kanyakumari district. For the selection of villages, 2 villages were selected randomly from selected blocks mainly for the study. From each village 20 fishermen sample were selected randomly. Therefore, the sample size is 120. To measure the livelihood capitals following DFID and CARE international framework an analytical model is used. Human capital, natural capital and Social capital index increasing value after cyclone due to social bonding among fishermen groups and increasing network communication. Financial capital and Physical capital index show decreasing value after cyclone due to Ockhi cyclone there was high damage to assets and property owned by fishermen and it requires high amount for rehabilitation cost.