B2B E-commerce Adoption amongst manufacturing SMEs: An Evidence from Ghana (original) (raw)
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Factors affecting e-commerce adoption among SMEs in Ghana
Electronic commerce (e-commerce) is widening the concept of business from a simple transactional approach to a broader and more complex concept of inter-firm cooperation. Amidst market globalization, growing interpenetration of national economies and the increased interdependence of national economies, e-commerce adoption remains a vital yet complex and elusive phenomenon, with very little known about its determinants. This study identifies the major determining factors in Ghanaian small and medium sized enter-prises' (SMEs) e-commerce adoption, offers practical implications, and indicates the actions required. This research integrates technological, organizational, and environmental determinisms with social constructivism to build a practical framework for understanding e-commerce adoption among SMEs in Ghana. Structural equation modeling was employed for data analysis. The results indicate that government support has the greatest direct impact on intentions to use e-commerce. Managerial support and the influence of enabling and regulatory conditions also play a vital role in stimulating SME e-commerce adoption in Ghana. The results also show that Ghanaian SMEs tend to imitate successful first-movers to avoid the risks that attend e-commerce technology.
Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 2020
This research examines the relationships between technological, organizational, and environmental (TOE) factors on different levels of B2B e-commerce adoption. A survey of 315 Ghanaian manufacturing SMEs was validated and tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The research findings indicate that perceived desirability, organization's readiness, and competitive pressure positively and significantly influence the different B2B e-commerce adoption levels. Likewise, top management support and government support partially had a significant impact on the various levels of B2B e-commerce adoption, whereas the business partner's pressure has no significant influence on B2B e-commerce adoption levels. This research's results confirm that the TOE factors influence B2B e-commerce adoption levels in the Ghanaian manufacturing SMEs. The results reveal that the various contextual factors have a different effect on the different levels of B2B e-commerce adoption. Also, the implications of this study are subsequently discussed.
2020
Technology has played a significant role in the development of business to business (B2B) or business to consumers' (B2C) electronic commerce (or e-commerce) over the recent decades. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine determinants of e-commerce adoption among small-and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in the business services sector in a progressively developing nation. This study tested six hypotheses focusing on organizational, technological and environmental factors that may affect e-commerce adoption. Using judgemental sampling approach, a total of 110 feedback were gathered via online questionnaire based survey. The study employed SmartPLS 3.0 (Partial Least Square) structural equation modelling statistical software to confirm the hypotheses of this study. Structural model analysis was conducted and it was revealed that perceived relative advantage, perceived compatibility, e-commerce knowledge and expertise, external change agent and competitors' pressu...
Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 2020
Technology has played a significant role in the development of business to business (B2B) or business to consumers' (B2C) electronic commerce (or e-commerce) over the recent decades. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine determinants of e-commerce adoption among small-and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in the business services sector in a progressively developing nation. This study tested six hypotheses focusing on organizational, technological and environmental factors that may affect e-commerce adoption. Using judgemental sampling approach, a total of 110 feedback were gathered via online questionnaire based survey. The study employed SmartPLS 3.0 (Partial Least Square) structural equation modelling statistical software to confirm the hypotheses of this study. Structural model analysis was conducted and it was revealed that perceived relative advantage, perceived compatibility, e-commerce knowledge and expertise, external change agent and competitors' pressure have positive and significant influence on the SMEs respondents' e-commerce adoption. The study found that the most significant factors influencing e-commerce adoption among SMEs in Selangor was perceived relative advantage, to which managers or small and medium-sized enterprises see the potential advantage of e-commerce. The implication of this study is that SMEs need more exposure on the benefit of technolgy and intervention to guide them to change from traditional business to online business.
2018
A number of studies indicate that SMEs are actively looking for suitable solutions and methods of adopting and integrating e-commerce into their business processes. Although there is a growing body of literature dedicated to the analysis of the technical and operational aspect of e-commerce, little empirical research exists on topics relating to the factors that would lead to the successful adoption of this emerging technological innovation and business practice. Similarly, little empirical research has been conducted to examine the success of e-commerce in light of the diversity of the organisational, environmental, and technological factors obtained amongst youth of Ghana and SMEs. This study explores the E-Commerce Adoption Constraints in International Trade among SMEs in Ghana study was further based on the fact that despite the huge potential benefits of SMEs from the adoption of new technology, there is evidence of slow uptake. Results of this study would show that social infl...
A Model for E-Commerce Adoption by SMEs in Developing Countries
2021
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are regarded as the backbone of the growth of the world economy. They had recently experienced rapid growth and improved their business activities in terms of customer numbers and revenue expansion when they began using e-commerce in their business. However, the adoption of e-commerce in developing countries by SMEs is low due to several factors, including the lack of a fit model for the adoption of e-commerce. Therefore, some of the most widely used models for the adoption of e-commerce in developing countries were highlighted, that were Theory Planned Behaviour (TPB), Theory Reasoned Action (TRA), Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), Technology Organisation Environment (TOE), Integration of TOE and TAM, Perceived eReadiness Model (PERM). The exploratory research was conducted in this study. Finally, a model was developed and some recommendations...
2017
This paper presents a critical analysis of prevailing innovation adoption theories and assess the extent of their appropriateness for explaining SMEs e-commerce adoption in developing countries. The theories examined are Technology Acceptance Model (TAM); Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT); Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI); Technology Organisation Environment (TOE); Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB); Resource Based Theory (RBT). Our analysis revealed that none of these theoretical models individually is sufficient to describe the contextual characteristics of SMEs in developing countries. Therefore, we suggested the integration of the Perceived E-readiness Model (PERM) by Molla and Licker (2005) and the Technology Organisation Environment Framework (TOE) by Tornatzky and Fleischer (1990) serves as a theoretical foundation for understanding e-commerce adoption of SMEs in developing country.
Most researchers indicate that electronic-commerce (e-commerce) offers viable solutions for businesses trying to meet the challenges of a changing environment. However, the few available studies concerned with Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries show evidence of delays, and failure to adoption. In the past, little research has been done to identify the reasons for this. This study seeks to explore the factors that influence a decision to adopt Business-to-Consumer (B2C) e-commerce by SMEs in developing countries, using Zimbabwe as a case study. The 'Tailored Technology-Organization-Environment' model proposed by Tornatzky and Fleischer (1990) was proposed for this study. The exploratory qualitative research uses a single case study approach. Data was collected from eight SMEs through semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The general inductive approach to qualitative data analysis by was used to analyse data. Although there is evidence of wide growth in Internet use among SMEs in Zimbabwe, findings revealed that most SMEs that have adopted B2C ecommerce in the country are still in the initial stages of adoption. Several barriers to the adoption of the technology were identified. The barriers were divided into technological, environmental and organizational. Findings indicate that environmental factors make a huge impact on the adoption of B2C e-commerce in the country when compared to technological and organizational factors. The most dominant issues were unfavourable conditions due to the current economic and political status of the country, unreliable network infrastructure and the unreliability of electrical power in the country. Although they cannot fully utilise B2C e-commerce services, SMEs in the country showed a great appreciation of the potential benefits offered by this technology. Research findings indicate that organizations using B2C e-commerce enjoy benefits like cost reduction, security and convenience. External competition and the need to keep up to date with current technologies are the main motivational factors for adopters. This study is intended to be useful to SMEs and supporting organizations in their efforts to augment the adoption of B2C e-commerce technologies, especially those operating in countries with a unique situation like Zimbabwe. 5
An empirical study on factors affecting e-commerce adoption among SMEs in west Malaysia
Management Science Letters, 2018
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a major role in most developing countries because they are able to improve and develop the economy. e-Commerce is also an important topic in various research fields as it brings about benefits to these countries. However, the adoption of e-Commerce by SMEs in developing countries is low due to several factors. Therefore, a parsimony framework has been proposed to investigate the factors which influence the adoption of e-Commerce among SMEs in West Malaysia. Three factors are considered in this research, namely Perceived Barriers, Organization Readiness, and Competitor Pressures. Questionnaires were used for data collection while SmartPLS was used to analyze the data. The results showed that Perceived Barriers contain negative significant influence on the adoption of e-Commerce among mediumsized SMEs, but not for small-sized SMEs. Organization Readiness shows a huge difference between small and medium-sized SMEs. Competitor Pressures are important for both small and medium-sized SMEs. In conclusion, the results obtained will assist and enable stakeholders to restructure e-Commerce applications which fulfill the needs of their organization and therefore, increase the effectiveness of the organization.
2016
Business-to-business e-commerce adoption has become increasingly important for small and 11 medium-sized enterprises, allowing them to gain and sustain competitive advantage. B2B 12 adopted at different levels based on different resource endowments leads to competitive 13 advantage being gained and sustained in proportion to that level of adoption. This study uses 14 structural equation modelling to investigate how levels of B2B e-commerce adoption affects and 15 contributes to gaining and sustaining competitive advantage in both US and Egyptian 16 manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises. The key finding is that small and medium17 sized enterprises can achieve growth in market share and sales that helps them to improve their 18 position in the global market through higher levels of business-to-business e-commerce adoption. 19 Implications of the study, its limitations and directions for future research are also discussed. 20