Three Dimensional Modeling of Archaeological Artifact Using Photomodeler Scanner (original) (raw)
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3D Digital modeling for archeology using close range photogrammetry
MATEC Web of Conferences, 2018
This research is to evaluate the feasibility of applying three-dimensional modelling of the close-range photogrammetry in documenting archaeological monuments by using digital photogrammetry image processing software and digital consumer camera. The digital camera used was Nikon D3100, the processing software was (AgiSoft PhotoScan) and (ArcGIS, ArcScene extension). The study area was selected in the centre of Baghdad province by choosing one of the archeological monuments in it, namely the Abbasid alace. A set of camera locations represent the locations of the images, and as a result of the processing, 81 digital images were arranged in a sequence in which the results of this step were verified. The points cloud after processing were 1,082,617 points. Six control points were selected, used as distances constrained. The validity of the fixed location of the points can be ascertained by checking the data. The program provide the error and accuracy for each image, where a total error ...
Photogrammetry versus 3D scanner: producing 3D models of museums' artifacts
Emerald Publishing Limited, Collection and Curation , 2021
Purpose-This paper aims to help archaeologists, museums' curators and technicians in understanding the principle of using the photogrammetry and 3D scanner for the museum archaeological objects in a practical way by presenting specific examples for both methods. Another purpose is to evaluate the performance offered by the photogrammetry and the three-dimensional (3D) scanner device, with the aim of providing a suitable solution to the different shapes and sizes of the archaeological objects. Design/methodology/approach-The author used the camera Canon EOS 1300 D for photographing and Einscan Pro 2X Plus as a 3D scanning device for several years on different kinds of objects made of various materials, including ceramic, stone, glass and metal. Findings-This paper showed that both approaches create 3D models with high resolution in easy and different ways. Practical implications-Handling objects and preparing them for photographing or scanning has involved a number of caveats and challenges regarding the risk of damage that the author had to bear in mind. Originality/value-This paper is completely based on the author's personal experiences of creating 3D image of various objects in the project of Documentation of Objects in the Jordanian Archaeological Museums.
Geoinformatics FCE CTU, 2013
Nowadays, there are two main approaches to cultural heritage documentation: a precise documentation by several techniques such as professional close range photogrammetry, classical geodetical measurement and 3D scanning, or a simple documentation using non expensive devices and instruments, often based on free software. In many projects it is not possible to use precise and expensive instruments for time, transportational, financial and authoritative permission reasons. At the Laboratory of Photogrammetry at the CTU Prague, we are focused on both types of documentation and the necessary visualisation of outputs; the long-term and very important aim of our research in this field is to develop small, inexpensive devices and test appropriate technology for the 3D documentation of cultural heritage objects. There is our prototype of an optical correlation system, which uses a motorised calibrated digital camera on a linear base. The second part shows several open source photogrammetric...
In the last few years, digital photogrammetry became a major tool in archaeology. Specialists in this area recognize the advantage of fast and accurate mapping. Moreover they use photogrammetric techniques in order to record and document the findings of an archaeological site or the whole excavation. Mainly in prehistoric sites, there are several different temporal levels of ruins and very often the site has been constructed upon other ancient or prehistoric cities (different levels). It is very important for the archaeological research to record, map and monitor all the different levels of an excavation accurately. Alongside, time is a valuable factor for the archaeologists who can not rely upon the time consuming mapping of the excavation with the traditional way. Digital photogrammetry gives to the archaeological research all the powerful tools for an accurate mapping and recording of the archaeological sites. The specific interdisciplinary experimental research took place in an archaeological site of an ancient city of Eleftherna in Crete, Greece. Particularly, the excavation holes have been photographed and processed at three different stages (days) of the excavation progress. DTM and orthophotos for each hole have been created in all different stages. Additionally, digital images have been acquired for small artifacts that were found during the excavation process and their 3D models have been created.
Experiences in photogrammetric archaeological recording
2003
Photogrammetric textured representations of archaeological sites, and above all orthorectification, combine geometric accuracy with visual detail (regarding damage or decay), thus providing a suitable basis for conservation. Yet, orthoprojection in archaeology still poses difficult problems. At the examples of two ancient Greek sites, certain issues are discussed and illustrated. First, in most cases sites need to be recorded from considerable heights above ground with special low-cost camera platforms (balloon, modified fishingrod etc.). A usual consequence of 'unstable' camera elevators is poor control over image rotations, responsible for irregular strip geometry; bundle adjustment is further complicated by unknown interior orientation of lightweight non-metric cameras and strong distortions of wide-angle lenses. A second crucial aspect dealt with here is the authors' approach for precise surface modeling to ensure products of both geometric accuracy and high iconic quality; this entails surface description through a careful combination of breaklines and densely sampled spot elevations for handling edges and surface discontinuities. Regarding laser scanning, now being extensively tried in the context of archaeology, experiments carried out here confirmed that it could indeed replace tedious photogrammetric 3D modeling in several cases. However, it is rather clear that laser scanning cannot in fact totally replace photogrammetric modeling. This is due not only to problems posed by shape, size, location and surroundings of many archaeological objects, but also to problems emerging mainly with respect to edges. It is concluded that simple means of image acquisition and careful photogrammetric handling can produce results of high geometric and visual quality, while tiresome photogrammetric modeling can partly (but sometimes cannot) be replaced by laser scanning. Functional synergy of the two approaches is a delicate matter to be further investigated.
CLOSE-RANGE 3D LASER SCANNING FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL ARTEFACT DOCUMENTATION
The digitalization of archaeological properties in this modern day has opened a new way for data sharing via desktop-based or internet, thus giving access to all researcher around the world to conduct their research. Nevertheless, the data must be in high accuracy and photo realistic as to ease the process of virtual analysis. Under this circumstance, a close-range three dimensional (3D) laser scanning method is indeed the best solution. Hence, this research is carried out in order to evaluate the reliability of Next Engine laser scanner in generating high accuracy photo realistic 3D model of archaeological artefacts. Bujang Valley, Malaysia which stored plenty of impressive historical complexes was chosen as the study area. The artefacts found during excavating the archaeological site were scanned to get their size, colour, characteristics and peculiarities which apparently are very important information that can help the archaeologist in performing analysis. Eventually, the final results showed that the close-range laser scanner offers rapid data capture and capable in providing high accuracy (millimetre level) photo realistic 3D model of the artefacts.
One of the latest techniques used in three-dimensional positioning and modeling studies is terrestrial laser scanning. This technique is used in various engineering applications such as the documentation of historical buildings, deformation surveys, mining quarry and excavation applications, industrial applications, protection of the historical heritage and archeology, disaster monitoring, coastline applications, architectural and building surveying, transportation and infrastructure. While three-dimensional position information is surveyed using terrestrial laser scanning, the texture information of the objects is recorded by digital photo cameras and video cameras. The point clouds obtained through overlapped scanning from different stations are automatically combined by means of software programs and three-dimensional models are created. In the present study, overlapped scanning of the Karacabey Tomb was performed from different stations using Faro Focus 3D × 330 brand and model laser scanner. The point clouds were combined with Scene 5.3 software by using the common points obtained through the overlapped scanning of the tomb. The point clouds were colored by means of the photographs taken by the digital camera integrated in the scanner during the scanning process. The three-dimensional model of the Karacabey Tomb was obtained from the combined and colored point clouds.