Molecular Alterations of Parotid Saliva In Infantile Chronic Recurrent Parotitis (original) (raw)
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Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 2008
The study was aimed to investigate whether the occurrence of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 in parotid saliva of juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) patients is associated with the degree of glandular involvement. Study design. Thirty-three JRP patients were included. Involvement of parotid gland was assessed by sialography. Parotid saliva was assayed for MMP-2 and MMP-9 by zymography. Medical charts were examined for number of recurrences, disease laterality, and time of follow-up. Logistic regression analysis between occurrence of either MMP, the clinical parameters, and sialographic staging was conducted. Results. None of the clinical parameters under analysis were found to be associated with degree of sialographic involvement. Statistical associations were found between presence of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in parotid saliva and sialographic stage (P ϭ .017; odds ratio [OR] 6.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-30.4; and P ϭ .009; OR 6.1; 95% CI 1.6-23.7; respectively).
InTech eBooks, 2012
Several causing factors have been invoked, namely, congenital duct malformations, genetic factors, allergies, local manifestations of autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiencies, maxillary disfunction due to tooth misalignment, etc. (Baurmash, 2004; Chitre & Premchandra, 1997; Bernkopf et al., 2008). None of these factors has been unequivocally demonstrated as a causing agent and to date the etiopathogenesis of the disease remains an enigma. In attempts to elucidate the origin of this clinical condition, a number of microbiological analyses of parotid secretion have been carried out. By direct analysis of parotid saliva from ICRP patients, parotitis virus and several respiratory virus have been discarded as eventual causing agents (Landaeta et al., 2003). Bacteriological analyses by Concheiro et al. (2000) have shown the presence of a mixed flora of Gram-positive cocci. Giglo et al. (1997) have shown that 80% of patients display Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus viridans y/o Moraxella catarrhalis. Despite the relevance of these insights into the disease, several characteristics of the disease challenge its infectious origin. Among them we can remark that the glandular process is mainly of inflammatory nature, that the general health condition of the patient is just moderately affected, the unilateralness of the condition among patients carrying the above-mentioned flora and, finally, the occurrence of a number of cases in which cultures for bacterial microorganisms give negative results. In the specialized literature expressions like "At the present there is a tendency to consider a multifactorial origin of the disease" have become quite usual. According to this undemonstrated view, sialectasis would be the ICRP-triggering factor. Thus, due to partial malformations of the duct system, iterated ascending infections would result in symptomatic episodes and reinforced the duct alterations (
Dental and Medical Problems
Background. Dental caries is initiated through mineral dissolution by bacterial acids and collagen de gradation by endogenous proteolytic enzymes, mainly collagenolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Objectives. The present research aimed to evaluate the relationship between severe early childhood caries (SECC) and salivary MMP8 and MMP20 concentrations. Material and methods. Fifty children aged 36-60 months were assigned to either the cariesfree (control) group or the SECC group. Standard clinical examinations were performed, and approx. 1 mL of expectorated unstimulated whole saliva was collected from all participants. In the SECC group, the sampling was repeated 3 months after restorative treatment. All samples were analyzed for the salivary concentrations of MMP8 and MMP20, using the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statisti cal analysis employed the t test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the χ 2 test, Fisher's exact test, and the paired samples t test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results. At baseline, the subjects in the SECC group presented with significantly elevated levels of MMP8 as compared to the control group. However, the salivary concentration of MMP20 did not exhibit a signifi cant difference between the 2 groups. A significant reduction occurred in the levels of MMP8 and MMP20 3 months after restorative treatment in the SECC group. Conclusions. The salivary levels of MMP8 and MMP20 were significantly affected by dental restorative treatment in children. Furthermore, MMP8 was observed to be a better indicator of the dental caries status than MMP20.
Parotid saliva protein profiles in caries-free and caries-active adults
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 1997
Objective. The objective of this study was lo determine if there wore ,iny differences In the-parotid saliva output and composition reliiter to cartes activity. Study design. Stimulated parotid saliva samples were collected from 85 healthy young adults, caries-active or cjrios-frw:. Flow rates were determined, and samples were analyzed for pH and buffer capacity, total prott-in, electrolytes, proteins with a high performance liquid chromatography method, and hislatins. Results. Tlierc were no differences in flow rates or pH. bul buffer capacity was higher in women lhan in men, and K* and cr were both slightly higher in the caries-active group. The women h.id a significantly higher total protein concentration, as well as higher concentrations of each of thf individual protein components assayed. There were no differences attributable to caries activity. Conclusions. Significant sex differences in salivary protein concentrations exist, dries activity may be related to some salivary electrolyte alterations, but not to protein composition.
The role of saliva in maintaining oral health: Aid to diagnose systemic ailments-A review
IP Indian Journal of Conservative and Endodontics
Saliva is a complex secretion from three major and various minor salivary glands present in mouth. From clinical point of view saliva is an ideal diagnostic fluid because it is non-invasive fluid and can be easily be collected from the patients for biochemical analysis. The other significant characteristic pertinent to saliva is the handling procedure which is much simpler in comparison with serum or blood. There is plethora of studies which shows a positive correlation between blood biomarkers and salivary biomarkers in different clinical conditions of oral and systemic diseases. Saliva has an important role in maintain oral health through variety of its secretions like calcium, phosphorus, Bacteriocins, salivary leukocyte protease inhibitors different enzymes like ptyalin, amylase for carbohydrate and protein metabolism which maintains tooth integrity when there is demineralization and also acts as first line defense against various bacterial and viral infections. In 21 century en...
Biochemical Assesment of Salivary Parameters in Young Patients with Dental Lesions
Revista de Chimie, 2019
Dental injuries, especially those in the frontal area, through the complications they can cause, are an important topic due to the psychosocial impact they have on young patients. Saliva is an important biological resource, useful for conducting diagnostic tests; also, it can be harvested non-invasively, without the need for prior training or special equipment. The biochemical analysis of the concentration of salivary parameters may suggest the susceptibility and resistance to carious lesions. The aim of the present study is to evaluate a causal relationship between the values of salivary parameters, salivary calcium, phosphates and salivary pH, and the incidence of dental caries.
Salivary Acute Phase Proteins as Biomarker in Oral and Systemic Disease
InTech eBooks, 2011
The purpose of this review is to present the latest research data regarding the physiological and diagnostic significance of acute phase proteins concentrations in saliva during oral and systemic diseases. We also show some interesting advantages in using saliva sample as a diagnostic fluid. 2. Saliva as diagnostic tool Saliva is a unique biological fluid, with an important role in the oral physiology. It is a major player in the process of oral and general health maintenance (Humphrey, 2001). According to recent data it mirrors general health condition thus reflecting various systemic changes in the body (Chiappelli, 2006; Nagler, 2002, 2008). Saliva is a colorless viscous liquid mixture of oral fluids which includes secretions from both the major and minor salivary glands. Additionally, it contains several constituents of nonsalivary origin: gingival crevicular fluid, expectorated bronchial and nasal secretions, serum and blood derivates from oral wounds, bacteria and bacterial products, viruses and fungi, desquamated epithelial cells, leukocytes, electrolytes, immunoglobulins, proteins and enzymes, food debris and a small portion is gastro-esophageal reflux, etc. (Edgar, 1990; Nagler, 2002). These facts motivate more extended use of saliva samples for diagnosis of different oral and systemic diseases. 2.1 Advantages of saliva as research material Recently, saliva has been proven to be among credible diagnostic tools for detecting different biomarkers. Its promising future relies on two main reasons. Firstly, characteristic biomarkers for different diseases were found in significant concentrations among the components of the saliva. Second, the improvement of existing technologies and development of new, highly sensitive methods has succeeded to reveal the acceptable sensitivity and specificity of salivary biomarkers in term of different local and systemic conditions. Additionally, the raised interest in saliva as a useful diagnostic fluid during last few decades is motivated by the proven ability to monitor the general health, to discover the disease onset and to follow up the progression to be used in large scale screening and epidemiologic studies (
New insights into juvenile parotitis
Acta Paediatrica, 2005
Aim: We enquired about the possibility of a familial trend in juvenile parotitis and evaluated the role of SPINKl mutations in juvenile parotitis. Methods: The clinical records of all children admitted to the Helsinki University Hospital during 1995 to May 2003 because of swelling in the parotid gland were reviewed. A questionnaire on possible recurrences and on familial cases was mailed. As disturbances in trypsin inhibition might be involved in the pathogenesis, we assessed the SPINKl gene encoding for Kazal-type trypsin inhibitor in voluntary patients. The study group comprised 133 children (boys 82 girls with juvenile parotitis. The median age at presentation of first symptoms was 6.0 y (range 1-19 y). Results: Recurrent symptoms in the parotid gland were common (57%), and 29% of the children (38/133) had suffered from four or more episodes. A young age at the fist episode of symptoms increased the likelihood of recurrences ( p < 0.0001). Familial cases of parotid swelling were common (22%; response rate 67%). A total of 47 patients (35%) agreed to testing for SPINKl status. Four children had a major mutation (N34S or PSSS), corresponding to an 8.5% (4/47) prevalence, but this was not different from the controls (5%).