Nationalism and Globalization: Issues on the Sea Border Beetwen Indonesia and Australia in the Context of Maritime Sovereignty (original) (raw)

Transnational Struggle: Asian Seafarers and the Struggle for Indonesian Independence in Australia

2008

The struggle for Indonesian independence that arose in the aftermath of the Second World War did not only involve the Dutch imperial forces and Indonesian nationalists, nor did it occur strictly within the confines of the archipelago; the circumstances of the war meant that the independence struggle would, in part, be played out via a political campaign in Australia. The Australian aspect of the Indonesian independence struggle, which took place from August 1946 until November 1949, is usually portrayed as a campaign that was initiated by Indonesian 'rebels, refugees and exiles' within Australia, and received support from the Australian maritime unions. 1 In reality, the campaign waged within Australia in aid of an independent Indonesia comprised a far more diverse body of supporters and, moreover, it was transnational in nature. The often neglected transnational context of the Indonesian independence struggle is explored in this paper.

Social Identity and Access to Natural Resources: Ethnicity and Regionalism from a Maritime Perspective, in Sakai, M, G. Banks and J. H Walker (Eds.). The Politics of the Periphery in Indonesia: Social and Geographical Perspectives. Singapore: NUS Press. Pp. 134-152

T he political ideology of the sea in Indonesia is embedded in the concept of Wawasan Nusantara (the archipelagic principle). The essence of Wawasan Nusantara is the "oneness" of Indonesia in terms of territory ( wilayah), nationhood (hangsa), goal and spirit of struggle (tujuan dan tekad per}uangan), the law (hukum), socio-cultural attributes (sosialbudaya), the economy (ek.onomi), and defense and security (Hankam).' The territorial "oneness" of Indonesia assumes that the many islands (land), sea (water) and the atmosphere (air) are a single integrated entity.• Thus, the sea is not considered as dividing the islands of Indonesia; on the contrary, the sea is believed to unite all the Indonesian islands and the people living on them. In Indonesia, this ideology is commonly expressed by the proverbs that "/aut adalah perekat k.epulauan Indonesia" (the sea is the substance that binds the Indonesian archipelago) and "/aut adalah jembatan yang menghuhungk.an pulau dan penduduk yang menempatinya Social ldmtity and Acws to Natural Rtsourw N f FIGURE 7.1

Policy on Maritime Border Disputes Between Indonesia and Australia: Stephen M. Walt’s Neorealism Perspective

Journal of Islamic World and Politics

Indonesia is a maritime country with an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covering an area of 7.81 million square kilometers. Consequently, Indonesia has numerous disputes with neighboring countries regarding maritime boundaries in the EEZ, particularly with Australia. Several incidents have strained the relationship between the two countries. For example, from December 2013 to January 2014, there were six instances of the Australian Navy unintentionally violating Indonesian waters during border operations. Other issues include illegal fishing, human trafficking, illegal transshipment, and, more recently, an Australian warship's breach of Indonesian waters on September 8, 2022. Maritime boundary disputes occur when two or more countries have overlapping claims in the same maritime territory. These disputes can be caused by differences in the interpretation of international law, conflicting economic interests, historical or cultural claims, or geopolitical tensions between the involv...

Indonesian Nationalism in Natuna Border: Impact of South Chinese Marine Conflict on Indonesian Nationalism Values in Natuna Border Areas

International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 2019

The development in the Natuna border area is carried out to build a more peaceful, minimal conflict and conducive environment around the South China Sea. One of Indonesia's programs related to the South China Sea is the development of maritime power in the Natuna Border region. Indonesia affirmed its position to maintain the stability of the Natuna border region through strengthening the values of Indonesian nationalism on Natuna Island in the midst of a growing flow of conflict in the South China Sea. The results of the study found that: (1)the Indonesian paradigm in seeing the South China Sea conflict was understood through observing and strengthening social, economic and security structures on the Natuna border, (2)the values of Indonesian nationalism on the Natuna border after the South China Sea conflict persisted strong and increasing, and (3)Indonesia has a very significant role in maintaining the values of nationalism for Indonesian citizens in the Natuna Border and surr...

Does the Sea Divide or Unite Indonesians? Ethnicity and Regionalism From a Maritime Perspective

2004

to facilitate discussion and debate on critical resource management issues in the area, and to link scholars working in different disciplines and regions. Publication as a 'Working Paper' does not preclude subsequent publication in scholarly journals or books, indeed it may facilitate publication by providing feedback from readers to authors. Unless otherwise stated, publications of the Resource Management in Asia-Pacific Program are presented without endorsement as contributions to the public record debate. Authors are responsible for their own analysis and conclusions.

The enforcement of state territoriality and shifting on borderlanders’ mobility: The case of Indonesia–Malaysia border in Sebatik Island

Urban Studies: Border and Mobility, 2019

Indonesia–Malaysia borders have been signified by the nature of porous, permeable, ‘soft border’ borders in their history and socio-cultural relationships. However, due to their current interests in their own national priorities of sovereignty, defence, and security, the states have made the borders more rigid. Taking the case of the Ambalat Sea Block dispute as a background, I argue that what was in the past was understood as a deterritorialized border gradually changed to be more reterritorialized through the enforcement of state territorialisation from both the states. This paper aims at to investigate the effects of the state territorialization toward the border landers in their everyday-life mobility. The research was conducted in some villages in the Indonesian part of Sebatik Island, a small divided island of the two sovereign states of Indonesia and Malaysia, in the province of North Kalimantan during 2013–2016, with the Bugis community as the research subject. The findings of the research show the state policies on territoriality have affected what used to be an intensified cross-border flow of people and goods into the Sebatik Island and (re)positioned the border population at a crossroads between openness and control of physical borders and socio-political boundaries’.

Contested meaning of the nation-state through historical border narratives A case study of the Batang Kanyau Iban, West Kalimantan

Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia, 2011

Nation as a cultural-psychological phenomenon is best understood in terms of how a sense of nationhood operates in order to construct social identities or a social imagination about the modern nation-state (Anderson 1983). The forging of nationalism as a national identity cannot be seen in isolation of the rise of modernization and industrialization (Gellner 1987). Although the nation appears to be a modern phenomenon, Smith (1991) stresses that every nation preserves its own past historical artefacts, narratives, and symbols for present-day needs. This model needs to be elaborated further as it is insufficient to understand how a sense of nationhood operates among borderlanders of a state. This paper relates the story of Kalimantan's Iban borderlanders who are officially registered as Indonesian subjects but live on the dividing line between two countries. This makes them appear to be ambiguous subjects who are torn between the two different historical timelines of British and Dutch colonial history (as well as postcolonial Malaysian-Indonesian history). They are marginalized in every aspect and are the forgotten subjects in the history of the broader picture of Indonesia's so-called nationalism project. The explanation is twofold. The first explains how identity is constructed as multi-layered historical narratives involving local and national cultures, and second, how transnational borderlanders give meaning to nation as narrative. The primary data for this article were collected in 2002 through a series of interviews in the village of Benua Sadap, an Iban settlement on the Batang Kanyau River, close to the West Kalimantan (Indonesia) and Sarawak (Malaysia) borderline.

The New Nationalism in Indonesia

A new nationalist mood is visible in Indonesia, expressed in increasingly bellicose rejection of alleged foreign interference in Indonesia's affairs and in demands for greater international recognition of Indonesia's power and status. This new mood has been visible for several years, but became particularly marked during the 2014 presidential election and under the new Joko Widodo administration. This article analyses Indonesia's new nationalism , especially as manifested in economic, cultural and territorial spheres, noting both continuities with past episodes, and novel features. A chief novelty is contemporary nation-alism's markedly non-ideological and non-intellectual form; continuity is visible in its discursive style, with many contemporary nationalists anachronistically reproducing tropes rooted in earlier periods. The article concludes by identifying forces driving the contemporary resurgence of nationalism, notably the effects of democratisation as well as deeper feelings of insecurity about Indone-sia's achievements.

Nationalism in Border Community: Temajuk, Sambas District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics

The low level of nationalism is one of the noticeable problems that often occur in the border-region, and the Indonesian border in Kalimantan witnesses the same problem. This issue arises because border-areas tend to be underdeveloped areas, with inadequate development and facilities. The lack of state attention to border communities is claimed to be the reason for people’s disloyalty toward the state. Additionally, national border violations and illegal trade are increasingly being considered as an indicator of the low levels of nationalism prevailing among border communities. This research attempts to examine how the border communities in Temajuk have built their attachment to their living environment in a way that would enable them to reinterpret the nationalism of border communities. In doing so, this study uses a descriptive–qualitative approach. Data collections have been obtained from document-tracking and interviews with local district/village officers, Badan Pengelola Perba...

Maritime Bordering Practices in Indonesia: Immigration Border Clearance Challenges

Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Social-Humanities in Maritime and Border Area, SHIMBA 2022, 18-20 September 2022, Tanjung Pinang, Kep. Riau Province, Indonesia, 2022

Maritime practices have uncovered complexities with overlapping authorities along Indonesia's coastal line. To what extent has it adopted the international maritime conventions and been relevant with other border agencies? This paper examines Indonesia's immigration policy on marine border control based on national border policy analysis and governance. The result finds that the Indonesian Immigration Act No.6 of 2011 lacks marine border governance and an immigration border clearance process. Immigration selective policy cannot respond to the emotional issues in Indonesia's maritime areas, such as the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and the special economic zone (KEK). Furthermore, Indonesia's immigration regulations have not adopted international maritime laws, the Facilitation on International Maritime Traffic (FAL), or national shipping regulations. This study recommends that the DGI adopt the marine Integrated Border Management (IBM) for immigration border clearance which underpins the strategic cooperation and task force.