Heart rate variability in psychosocial stress : Comparison between laboratory and real-life setting (original) (raw)
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Increased Heart Rate Variability in Allergic and Highly Trait Anxious Individuals
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 5 (2017) 46-56, 2017
Autonomic dysregulations were repeatedly observed in people with allergic reactions. Contradictory results of sympathetic over-activation on one hand and parasympathetic predominance on the other, were described for both atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis. Secondly, psychological traits of high anxiety and depression described in allergic patients are mostly associated with increased sympathetic and decreased vagal modulation. To address inconsistency in prior findings, we aim to study autonomic nervous system changes in allergic and highly anxious people via HR (heart rate) and HRV (heart rate variability) measures during stressful and relax days in day to day life. We further assess differences between allergic diagnoses and impact of acute symptom occurrence on HR and HRV. 61 subjects (26 allergic, 18 healthy high trait anxious and 17 healthy low trait anxious) took part in this study. They were repeatedly measured for HR by a portable electrocardiographic device, and assessed their subjectively experienced stress during everyday life. HRV was analyzed using time-domain, spectral and non-linear analyses. We observed increased HRV and decreased HR in allergic patients and also in healthy highly anxious subjects, when compared to controls. Both atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis patients exhibited parasympathetic predominance or sympathetic withdrawal, seen in increased HRV and lowered HR. Described effects of parasympathetic predominance were, however, not present during acute symptoms occurrence.
European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2018
A number of studies report heart rate variability (HRV) changes in allergic as well as high trait anxious people, and associations between allergic inflammation and trait anxiety. This study investigated HRV of 20 low anxious allergic, 19 healthy high trait anxious and 18 healthy low anxious, in naturalistic setting. On arranged research days, subjects performed measurements using portable ECG device and subjective self-assessment of perceived stress. Five repeated measurements data from each subject have shown increases in overall HRV, as well as HRV on respiratory frequencies in both allergy and high trait anxiety. Subject's sex was an important factor, because HRV increases in allergy were only apparent in women. Data from self-assessment show no differences in experienced stress attributable to allergy, only to trait anxiety.
Influence of Mental Stress on Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability
— Stress is a huge problem in today's society. Being able to measure stress, therefore, may help to address this problem. Although stress has a psychological origin, it affects several physiological processes in the human body: increased muscle tension in the neck, change in concentration of several hormones and a change in heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). The brain innervates the heart by means of stimuli via the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), which is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic branches. The sympathetic activity leads to an increase in HR (e.g. during sports exercise), while parasympathetic activity induces a lower HR (e.g. during sleep). The two circuits are constantly interacting and this interaction is reflected in HRV. HRV, therefore, provides a measure to express the activity of the ANS, and may consequently provide a measure for stress. We therefore explored measures of HR and HRV with an imposed stressful situation. We recorded changes in HR and HRV in a group of 28 subjects at rest, and with a mental stressor. The results suggest that HR and HRV change with a mental task. HR and HRV recordings may have the potential, therefore, to measure stress levels and guide preventive measures to reduce stress related illnesses.
Integrative aspects of the relationship between stress and heart rate variability
ABCS Health Sciences, 2013
The literature indicates stress as a response of the organism to a stimulation that requires enormous efforts to adapt to the changes in the environment and the body. When an individual is subjected to stress, the autonomic nervous system is triggered, the sympathetic pathway is activated, and the parasympathetic system is suppressed, which exerts several effects on the cardiovascular system and affects heart rate variability. This research aimed to conduct a literature review to find and analyze the studies that address clearly the implications of stress on heart rate variability. The methodology employed was an active search in the databases SciELO, PubMed and Lilacs. The results were five articles, most of which suggest a relationship between stress and heart rate variability. We observed that the majority of the studies indicated a strong association between stress and cardiac autonomic activity. The stress is present in the daily activities of the population, especially in labo...
The persistent effect of acute psychosocial stress on heart rate variability
The Egyptian Heart Journal
Background As stress occurs repetitively every day, the biological modifiers should also have enough time to restore the normal state of hemostasis; otherwise, chronic stress would be anticipated. The aim of the present study was to examine the persistence of stress based on subjective emotion, salivary cortisol, and linear and non-linear features of heart rate variability (HRV) in both genders. Methods Thirty-three healthy young volunteers (23 men and 10 women) participating in this study were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Moreover, the emotional visual analog scale (EVAS), salivary cortisol, and ECG recording in the rest state were taken before and after TSST as well as 20 min after recovery. Results According to the results of the two-way mixed model ANOVA, all volunteers showed a significant increase in EVAS after TSST which was restored to the baseline state after recovery. Notably, the women’s base of cortisol was significantly higher than men and the standar...
A series of meta-analyses was undertaken to determine the contributions of sympathetic and parasympathetic activation to cardiovascular stress reactivity. A literature search yielded 186 studies of sufficient quality that measured indices of sympathetic (n = 113) and/or parasympathetic activity (n = 73). A range of psychological stressors perturbed blood pressure and heart rate. There were comparable aggregate effects for sympathetic activation, as indexed by increased plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine, and shortened pre-ejection period, and parasympathetic deactivation, as indexed by heart rate variability measures. Effect size varied with stress task, sex, and age. In contrast to alpha-adrenergic blockade, beta-blockade attenuated cardiovascular reactivity. Cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychological stress would appear to reflect both beta-adrenergic activation and vagal withdrawal to a largely equal extent.
Review Autonomic Balance Revisited: Panic Anxiety and Heart Rate Variability
The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is becoming widely used in clinical research to provide a window into autonomic control of HR. This technique has been valuable in elucidating the autonomic underpinnings of panic disorder (PD), a condition that is marked by reports of heart palpitations. A body of research has emerged that implicates a relative reduction in HRV and cardiac vagal tone in PD, as indicated by various HRV measures. These data are consistent with the cardiac symptoms of panic attacks, as well as with developmental evidence that links high vagal tone with enhanced attention , effective emotion regulation, and organismic responsivity. Implications of these findings for nosol-ogy and pathophysiology are discussed. Reports of reduced HRV in PD contrast with portrayals of excess autonomic lability in anxiety. This contradiction is addressed in the context of traditional homeostatic models versus a systems perspective that views physiologic variability as essential...