Cooking gas LPG Distribution to Rivers State Homes Case Study Choba Community (original) (raw)
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American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 2016
The need to promote the use of clean household cooking energy source as well as propagating safe and sustainable environment to cut down the number of human lives lost to the use of unsafe, inefficient and unhealthy cooking energy sources has informed the introduction of the Lagos LPG initiative. This study assessed the use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as cooking energy source among rural households in Badagry Local Government Area of Lagos state. A multistage sampling procedure was used to sample 140 respondents from seven rural communities of Badagry Area of Lagos state. The study revealed that the mean age of respondents was 34.18 years with majority being married (69.3%), Christians (60.0%), self-employed (83.9%), with average income of ₦14137.14 monthly and majority (91.4%) having household size of 1-8 persons. The use of LPG among respondents was low (38.6%) amidst high level of knowledge on the utilization of LPG (67.1%) and awareness of health risks associated with the use of alternative household cooking energy sources (70%). Major constraints limiting respondents’ choice of LPG were lack of fund to purchase LPG (=1.31), scarcity of gas at skid plants ((=1.29) and high cost of refilling gas ((=1.15). Respondents’ level of education (χ2=9.05) and households’ income (χ2= 11.55) were significantly related to the use of LPG. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that efforts be made to reduce the incidence of poverty by introducing poverty alleviation programmes to improve the standard of living of the people, palliative measures to ensure the affordability of LPG should be considered and the government should also revisit the delivery system for LPG to ensure that availability is enhanced particularly at designated skid plants.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2015
https://www.ijert.org/a-comparative-study-of-liquefied-natural-gas-and-pipelines-as-means-of-transporting-natural-gas-in-nigeria https://www.ijert.org/research/a-comparative-study-of-liquefied-natural-gas-and-pipelines-as-means-of-transporting-natural-gas-in-nigeria-IJERTV4IS080585.pdf This paper focuses on the methods of exporting natural gas from Nigeria. The aim of this study is to make a comparison between LNG and Trans-Saharan gas pipeline (TSGP) Systems for exporting natural gas from Nigeria. This research used both primary and secondary methods of data collection. Primary data was favoured due to inadequate data from secondary method. The quantitative data was used to review the work of previous scholars and experts in the oil and gas industries while the qualitative used was in the form of questionnaires and interviews. The study has shown that the capital cost of six LNG trains is 9.348billionwhilethatTSGPis9.348 billion while that TSGP is 9.348billionwhilethatTSGPis13 billion and the operating costs per unit of production with LNG is 2.78andthatofTSGPis2.78 and that of TSGP is 2.78andthatofTSGPis3.10. In this study, it was projected that the construction of TSGP will commence by 2015 at the cost of 19.383billionandtobecompletedby2020atthetotalcostof19.383 billion and to be completed by 2020 at the total cost of 19.383billionandtobecompletedby2020atthetotalcostof31.943 billion at constant inflation rate of 10.5%. In addition, the research has shown that, from a distance of 3000km, LNG is more competitive than the TSGP. This study also highlights that LNG is more environmental friendly, secure, cheaper and increased security and diversification in supply systems of natural gas as compared to pipelines. Generally, building more LNG plants in Nigeria is more competitive to the gas market than concentrating on the proposed trans-Saharan gas pipeline.
Analysis of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Shortage in Ghana: A Case of the Ashanti Region
International Journal of Business Administration, 2012
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is increasingly becoming the preferred choice of fuel in the world. The increase in patronage could be attributed to its affordability, efficiency and environmental friendliness. Like other energy sources, there are challenges that impede the smooth supply of LPG resulting in shortage. Several factors are involved which ultimately affects the efficiency of the entire Supply Chain system. The perennial LPG shortage in Ghana is an uncomfortable experience that needs urgent attention. Therefore, the study seeks among others to investigate the magnitude of noted disruptions that contribute to the shortage of LPG and the extent to which the LPG usage categories influence the length and frequency of shortage. A survey methodology was deployed for a total of 35 LPG retailers and 120 consumers in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Results of the study indicated that the Technical and Transportation disruption was ranked by retailers and consumers as major factors that disrupt the supply of LPG. Analysis carried out revealed that the frequency of LPG shortages experienced by consumers depends on the categories of usage, whilst the consumers' experiences of the duration for LPG shortage are rather independent on the categories of usage.
Assessment Of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Utilisation In Ghana - A Study At Tarkwa
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2013
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is one of the most common and an alternative fuels used in the world today. In Ghana, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is increasingly gaining popularity as a preferred fuel for industrial, commercial and domestic purposes as a result of its efficiency, affordability and many more. This study aimed at assessing Liquefied Petroleum Gas utilisation in Ghana using Tarkwa as a test case. It adopted survey as its research design and complemented with literature review. The major instruments for data collection were questionnaires and personal interviews. The questionnaires were administered to 320 inhabitants of Tarkwa. Data collected were analysed using statistical methods. The study revealed the key players in the distribution of LPG in Ghana as Bulk Distributing Companies (BDCs), Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs), Liquefied Petroleum Gas Marketing Companies (LPGMCs), Bulk Oil Consumers (BOCs) and consumers. It also exposed the causes of sporadic shortages of LP...
2002
Background The Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) cylinder market consist of a group of consumers with similar yet differentiated needs, namely commercial customers (small industries, restaurants, wholesalers and nature reserves), low-income customers (such as the rural and township households with a monthly income ofR748-R2288) and high-income customers (such as the urban households with a monthly income above R9743). LPG is mainly used for cooking, lighting, heating, leisure and as a preferred form of energy in the commercial segment. The key issues currently facing the industry are: minimum growth, high capital requirement, rising cost of product and squeezmg profitability. Objectives The focal point of this study is to identify strategies to overcome barriers of effective Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) pricing and promotion and investigate the possibility of increasing the household use of LPG in Durban. LPG is set to be a future growth sector of the economy. A number of studies have indicated that LPG should be able to grow its share of the overall energy market from the current level of less than 2% to 15-20% over a twenty-year period. The research objective is to investigate the effects that pricing and advertising changes could have on LPG sales to household consumers in Durban. IV No.
Natural Gas Utilization through Domestic Gas Distribution in Nigeria
There has been persistent effort by the government and the operating oil companies to develop gas infrastructure in Nigeria. These have led to the steady reduction in gas flares in the oil producing areas. If the country is to practically eliminate gas flaring by 2020 when it envisage to be among the twenty developed country in the world (Vision 202020), then further avenues of gas utilization should be explored. This article therefore examines the feasibility and technical features of increasing the domestic gas consumption through effective transmission and distribution of natural gas to indigenous local consumers. A case study of natural gas distribution from an oil field of Izombe to Urban city of Owerri, Imo State, was analyzed for economic viability.
Determinants of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Use Among Households in Northern Ghana
Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy, 2018
This paper examines the determinants of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) use in Northern Ghana using a crosssectional data obtained from 196 households. Data were analyzed for descriptive statistics as well as a binary probit regression for identification of factors that influence households' decision in the usage of LPG in northern Ghana. The results show that LPG use in northern Ghana by households is very low (37.8%). The findings of the paper also show that LPG use in northern Ghana is influenced by education, household size, household income, cost of LPG, residence of household, fear of LPG explosion and access to LPG. It can therefore be concluded that in order to promote the use of LPG in northern Ghana, efforts must be on public education to address perception of high risk of LPG use for cooking in households by Energy Commission (EC), National Petroleum Commission (NPA), Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), National Commission for Civic Education (NCCE) and Community Based Organisations (CBOs). There is also the need for government to create and sustain an enabling environment for the public and private sectors investors to establish large LPG bottle refilling plants, that are able to test, certify and refill LPG cylinders for the market and also offer incentives to encourage private LPG retail/service companies to build up distribution network and retail outlets. It is also recommended that, government should reintroduce the door to door marketing and distribution of filled LPG cylinders and also redirect the current subsidy away from LPG fuel to domestic LPG equipment/appliances to make it possible to retarget the subsidy at domestic users. There is the need to intensify poverty reduction strategies by government to reduce income poverty so as to increase the usage of LPG in addition to improving access and affordability of clean fuels especially LPG to rural households. Finally, Policies on promoting universal education should be bolstered as they have varied implications on the decision to use LPG.
Conceptual Design of Gas Distribution Pipeline Network for Estates in Nigeria
Nigerian Journal of Technology
This work presents the conceptual design of a gas distribution pipeline network for estates in Nigeria using the University of Abuja Staff Quarters as a case study. The problem statement was the aggressive consumption of cooking gas, referred to as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), without gas pipeline networks infrastructures to homes and estates across Nigeria but relies on cylinders with its attendant danger. The methodology includes the determination of the gas demand from the average monthly gas consumption in each of the households, the elevation head, diameter of the pipelines, gas velocity, gas mass flow rate, head losses and the pressure drop analysis of series (option 1), parallel (option 2) and grid (option 3) options. The results obtained indicate that the best gas distribution design option for the trunk, reticulation and service pipelines was the grid connections to minimize investment costs with equitable pressures at service outlets. In the selected design option, the t...