The Frequency of Diabetes Related Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes a Case Study of Tertiary Care Hospital (original) (raw)
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Prevalence of chronic complications and associated factors in type 2 diabetes
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2004
To determine the prevalence of chronic complications and associated factors in type 2 diabetes in 500 diabetic patients, age > or = 25 years, attending the clinic of Diabetic Association of Pakistan (DAP), Karachi. Every 5th registered diabetic patient > or = 25 years age, was examined for the presence/absence of micro and macro vascular complications and associated factors. Blood samples were collected for HbA1c, lipid profile and serum creatinine. Urine was examined for albumin and microalbumin. Of the 500 diabetic patients examined (160 males, 340 females, mean age 55.2 10.6 years), retinopathy was seen in 43%, neuropathy in 39.6% and foot ulcers in 4%. Nephropathy was found in 20.2%, and was significantly associated with hypertension. The prevalence of microvascular complications was higher in the group of patients with HbA1c > 8% and was significantly related to duration of diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Hypertension was manifest in 64.6% patients, 61% had raised ...
Pan African Medical Journal
Introduction: the increasing prevalence of diabetes (DM) worldwide has resulted in an increase in the morbidity and mortality of DM. This burden is as a result of the development of the chronic complications associated with it. This study determined the burden of occurrence of microvascular and macrovascular complications of subjects with type 2 diabetes attending the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in south west Nigeria. Methods: this cross-sectional study involved 400 consecutive subjects with type 2 diabetes. A study proforma was used to document the socio demographic data. While clinical assessment for anthropometric measurement, blood pressure was done. Laboratory measurement of blood glucose control and lipids were done. Assessment of the occurrence of microvascular and macrovascular complications were performed and documented. Results: four hundred type 2 DM participants made up of 190 males and 210 females with a mean age of 60.35±9.53 years, with a mean age of 60.35(SD 9.53) years for males and 60.81(SD10.29) years for females. Median duration of DM for all subjects was 6.00(IQR 3.00-11.00) years. Majority (45%) of the participants were overweight. The prevalence of hypertension was 78% and poor glycaemia using HBA1C was 75.5% and 59.8% had dyslipidaemia. The occurrence of microvascular complications (diabetic neuropathy-82%, diabetic retinopathy-46% and diabetic nephropathy-44%) 69.3% while macrovascular complications (peripheral arterial disease-42.5%, stroke-4%, electrocardiographic changes if ischaemic heart disease-9.3% and left ventricular hypertrophy-22%) in 49%. Regression analyses showed advancing age aOR (1.18 [95%CI 1.01-1.38]) and waist circumference (aOR 1.17 [95% CI 1.00-1.36]), as significant contributors to the presence of diabetes complications. Conclusion: the risk factors of both microvascular and macrovascular complications remain high in our clinic and this is linked to the high burden of diabetes mellitus and its long duration.
Complication Rates in Diabetes Mellitus in Relation to Duration of Diabetes
Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019
Objectives: To find out rate of complications in terms of nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy with progression of diabetes mellitus. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 190 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study period was from August 2017 to July 2018. This study was carried out at KRL Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan. Prior permission from ethical review board was taken. Patient's personal history, family history, laboratory data was recorded and complications of diabetes were noted on a specified proforma. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 17. Results: This study included 190 patients. 104 (54.7%) were females and 86 (45.3%) were males. 22.6% patients had coexisting hypertension. 41.5% patients were having either of parents diabetic. 43% patients in this study had nephropathy, 24% neuropathy and 12% retinopathy. Majority of patients (89%) had HbA1c >7. Patients with diabetes duration of more than 10 years had high complication rates with regard to retinopathy 52.6% and neuropathy 52.3% while nephropathy was 36.9%. Conclusion: Diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy rise with duration of disease. Majority of patients (89%) had poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7).
International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences, 2021
Background: Now a day, globally diabetes is one of the most common chronic non-communicable diseases globally. In our study to assess, the clinical characteristics and complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the complications among diabetic patients in different age groups. Methodology: It's a Prospective-observational study, carried out in 9 months at patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Guntur. We enrolled age group between 30-80 years patients. Results: Out of 215 patients, males were 122 and females were 93. Above 50% of patients were diagnosed within the age group of 51-65 years. About 61% of patients were having overweight based on BMI ranges and about 63% of patients were at high risk of HbA1C i.e., >6%. The mean age was found to be 51-65(50.97%). Out of all comorbidities, it was found that hypertension 112 (52.09%) was high. The complications associated with diabetes found in the present study were microvascular complications which include microvascular complications, nephropathy (n=63) was high followed by neuropathy (n=53); retinopathy (n=31), and males (n=108) were more prone than females (n=80). Drug therapy was monotherapy 106(49.30%) and dual therapy 29 (13.48%). Triple therapy 7 (3.25%) usage was less when compared to mono and dual therapy. Conclusion: Based on our study interpretation, the complications of DM are commonly seen in those are having uncontrolled glucose levels. Among microvascular complications, nephropathy was most commonly observed, followed by neuropathy also. Enhancing level of HbA1c and BMI was found to be a more significant correlation with neuropathy in most of the individuals.
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome, 2017
The study was conducted in diabetes care centers to explore association of chronic complications of diabetes with glycemic status along with their frequency and pattern among adult patients with type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient departments of eight diabetes care centers in Dhaka. Data were collected by face to face interview by trained research physicians. Disease related information was recorded in the checklist from diabetes guide books of the patients. Chronic complications of diabetes were recorded from the records of expert consultation. Records of 5215 patients with type diabetes (59.4% males) were analyzed. Mean age of the male and female subjects was 52.7 and 50.6 years, respectively. Hypertriglyceridemia [OR 1.74, 95% CI (1.18-2.57)], increased LDL [OR 1.27, 95% CI (0.78-2.07)] and decreased HDL [OR 0.81, 95% CI (0.43-1.53)] and diabetic foot ulcers [OR 2.32, 95% CI (1.14-4.01)] were significantly associated with poor glycemic control, wh...
Awareness of Diabetic Complications in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences, 2016
INTRODUCTION Diabetes, a major non-communicable disease has been a problem of both developing and non-developing countries. 1-3 Long standing uncontrolled diabetes is known to cause microvascular and macrovascular complications affecting the major organs like eyes, kidney and brain along with the cardiovascular complications like hypertension and dyslipidemia. 4 Lack of awareness on the importance of glycaemic control, importance of adherence to medications, financial constraints or self-negligence could be the common causes that may lead to complications in these individuals. Similarly, the uncontrolled glycaemic state on a long run results into the development of co morbid conditions which further worsen the health state and adds to the expense in health management. 4-8 Several research and review studies have been performed to evaluate the prevalence and the drug utilized in the management of type 2 diabetes. Further, studies have been conducted to provide useful insights into the present prescribing trends, rational and irrational medications. 5,9-11 such studies can help us to compare the treating strategies available in this common condition and to prepare standard ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes is a major public health problem both in developing and non-developing countries across the world. It is a chronic disease, which in long term causes several complications resulting in poly pharmacy for its management. Hence, this study was determined to analyze the drug utilization pattern for the management of type 2 diabetes with complications. Methods: A prospective, observational and non-interventional study was carried out in 100 diabetic patients with one or other complications admitted in medicine wards at Dhiraj Hospital. Patients who signed informed consent form were only included in the study. All the data were recorded from patients' case files and analyzed. Results: Result of total 100 patients, maximum number 52 (52%) were falling in group of 61-70 kg and only 2 (2%) in 81-90 kg. Out of 100 diabetic patients, 40 (40%) were managed with insulin in addition to oral antidiabetic agents, 37 (37%) were managed with only Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHA) and 23 (23%) were managed with only insulin. The most commonly prescribed oral antidiabetic group of drug was Biguanides in 60 (60%) and most prescribed insulin was short acting Insulin in 40 (40%) patients. Conclusions: The diabetic patients are more prone to cardiovascular and other complications leading to a co morbid condition. The poly pharmacy is likely to occur in diabetic patients suffering with secondary complications. Therefore, intense blood sugar control with proper education can prevent the co morbid state and finally helps in reducing the economic burden.
Chronic complications in newly diagnosed patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in India
Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2014
Background: Prevalence of diabetes is on an increase in India, currently there is limited nationwide data regarding the prevalence of chronic complications in diabetic patients at diagnosis. This information will help health-care professionals approach management more aggressively to prevent complications. Objective: To determine the prevalence of chronic complications in newly-diagnosed Type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients in India. Design and Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of T2D patients, diagnosed within 3 months of their fi rst visit to the centers doing the survey. Each patient was screened for diabetic complications, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and body mass index. Family history was recorded. Standard protocols were used to make the diagnosis of retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Data analysis was carried out using the standard statistical techniques. Results: Of the total 4,600 (males 67%, females 33%) newly diagnosed patients with T2D, majority were from the age group 41-50 years (40%). 13.15% of newly detected India T2D had neuropathy 6.1% had retinopathy and 1.06% had nephropathy. Risk factors of macro vascular complication such as hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia were observed in 23.3%, 26%, and 27% of patients respectively. Ischemic heart disease was noticed in 6%. Conclusion: High prevalence of micro vascular complications was present at diagnosis along with association of CV cardiovascular risk factors among Indian T2D. In view of this, screening must be instituted for all diabetics for complications at the time of diagnosis itself.
Diabetes mellitus related complications in out- patient clinic of tertiary care hospital
Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2012
We tried to explore the demographic profile and complications of the out patients suffering with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). It was hospital based descriptive study conducted among the 100 diabetic out-patients of B.P.Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal during the period of 1-1-2010 to 29-2-2010. Patients above 14 years diagnosed as per ADA guidelines 2009 giving written informed consent were taken. The number of common diabetes related complications were searched and diagnosed clinically with the use of relevant investigations which included macro-vascular complications like ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, and micro-vascular complications like diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. Among 100 confirmed cases of diabetes mellitus (51 male and 49 female).Of all diabetes, 99% were type 2, 1% were type1. About 42% subjects were of age group between 40-60 yr. When BMI?23 kg/m2 (as recommended for Asians) is taken as the deter...
2018
Diabetic complications are common cause of morbidity and mortality in addition to a huge burden on healthcare system worldwide. Aim of this study was to know prevalence of various diabetic complications and their association with duration of diabetes in Type 2 diabetics of Jammu Region, winter capital of Jammu and Kashmir. Out of 200 diabetic patients selected for the study, 80 (40%) patients had not developed any complication. 120 (60%) of the patients were found to have developed one or more complications of diabetes. 46 (23%) were found to have microvascular complications, 32 (16%) macrovascular and 42 (21%) have both micro as well as macrovascular complication. It was observed, as the duration of diabetes increased the prevalence of microvascular complications increased from 1 to 15%, macrovascular complications from 1 to 7% and both micro and macrovascular complications increased from 0.5% to 10.5%. Increase in duration of diabetes leads to increase in complications.
Objectives: To determine the clinical characteristics and late complications in patients with type 2 Diabetes followed up in the general medicine office and Diabetes Program at the Hospital II EsSALUD-Cañete. Material and Methods: A descriptive, case series study was conducted, including ninety four patients with type-2 Diabetes randomly chosen at the time of their outpatient office visit where an interview and planned physical examination took place during the months of June and July 2001. Results: The mean age was 64.56 + 11.61. Fifty three patients were women (56.4%). 68.1% of the patients required treatment with oral agents and 11.7% required use of insulin. Diabetic retinopathy (88.9%) and arterial hypertension (61.3%) were the most frequent complications. Peripheral vessels disease, peripheral neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy were other frequent chronic complications in this population. Conclusions: The cardiovascular (small and large vessels) complications in the diabetic type 2 population followed up by outpatient consults at Hospital II EsSALUD-Cañete were the most frequent. (Rev Med Hered 2004; 15:64-69).