General Considerations on Leisure Services (original) (raw)

2009

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Abstract

The leisure is a component of standard of living and quality of life, expresses the level of material and spiritual life, without it can’t be held the multilateral development of the human, enforcing recovery functions of the organism, formative and instructive – educative, cultural and social. In pre-modern times, the free time was located on religious holidays and in the

Controversial Reflections on the Theme "Leisure": from Free Time to Lifestyle

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research, 2010

Controversial Reflections on the Theme "Leisure": from Free Time to LifestyleToday there is more of a dialectical approach to the meanings of leisure. In earlier times there was more of a consensus or similar understanding of one's free time. The purpose of this paper is to explain today's various meanings of leisure. We discuss the meaning of time and space and its relation to leisure. In addition we have focused on a discussion of free time, work and not work, as well as one's lifestyle. In particular we will introduce the ideas of Dumazedier. In summary we concur with other authors, especially Dumazedier, that leisure is more than free time: it is best understand as a way of life, as a lifestyle.

Theoretical Reflections of the Leisure Activities in the Culture of the European Enlightenment

National Academy of Managerial Staff of Culture and Arts Herald, 2019

The purpose of the research is to identify the suppositions and factors that form the base of the enlightenment model of the leisure activities. Methodology of the research lies in the usage of a set of systemic, historical and chronological and hermeneutical methods. Scientific novelty of the research is grounded with the origin of the pragmatic approach to the assessment of the leisure activities and leisure practices in the period of Enlightenment. Conclusions. It is proved that the formation of the Enlightenment model of the leisure activities was influenced by such tendencies as the acknowledgement of the leading role of science among other ki nds of cognitive activity and the cult of Mind, absolutization of education that formed the belief in the possibility of solving soc ial problems, provided the appropriate conditions for this; deism and secularization of worldview, which led to the denial of religious fanaticism and blind faith in to Church dogmas; social stratification of society. That's why there were dominated such leisure practices that were aimed at the objective cognition of the reality and were based onto the pragmatic ideas.

Reinforcement of the Leisure Culture

This paper examines major trends in leisure in an attempt to trace some possible future developments in the consumption and production of leisure in general, and tourism in particular. The first part of the analysis concentrates on the time dimension, examining the changing relationship between work and leisure time in the developed world. This is followed by an analysis of the social consequences of the ‘growth’ of leisure, particularly in terms of the growing imbalance in the distribution of work and leisure time. The future implications of this imbalance are then considered, particularly in terms of its potential influence on tourism consumption.

Leisure and culture – the (in)visible link in modern societies

World Leisure Journal, 2011

Leisure and culture Á the (in)visible link in modern societies Overview: culture and creative leisure Leisure often evokes ideas synonymous with different modes of easy living: entertainment, distraction, sports and relaxation, including tourism. As the antithesis of labour, leisure is thus often perceived as a time of luxury, idleness and inefficiency. But, although powerful, this view that free time is time lost may not be accurate. Many thinkers have insisted on the idea that leisure, authentic leisure, is time dedicated to developing one's capacities, a time of learning and cultivation. In the words of Benjamin Franklin, ''Leisure is time for doing something useful'' (Franklin, 1758). A life dedicated solely to work would not be a decent human life Á this is implicit in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states, in its Article 28, that ''Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits'' (United Nations, 1948). In terms of human development, we could say that our bodies need rest, but that our minds need creative leisure. In terms of economic development also, equating leisure with inefficiency is questionable. Economic success is often associated with striking the right balance in the division of labour, that is production; but consumption mostly happens when people are not working, that is when they participate in the life of their cultures. In that, leisure can be credited with giving a boost to creativity, innovation and related synergies. Thus, contrary to commonly held views, leisure is a special feature of culture, be it individualised or organised. As culture determines our lifestyles, our consumption and our production patterns, we need to realise that the culture of creative leisure includes tourism, travel and vacation, fashion and dressing, eating, epicurean pleasures and hospitality, sports, reading, museums and exhibitions, media and the visual arts, concerts, opera and music. Building on this, we can give a quick account of how the leisure-culture link positively relates to different approaches to development.

Leisure as a Primary Institution

Sociological Inquiry, 1990

The authors argue that leisure should be considered a primary institution in advanced industrial societies. The increasingly organized nature of contemporary leisure and the prominence of leisure activities in the search for communal bonds are viewed as the primary factors contributing to the emergence of leisure as a major social institution.

Leisure as a Category of Culture, Philosophy and Recreation

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research, 2010

Leisure as a Category of Culture, Philosophy and RecreationWhen we look at the very origins of human world, civilization in its history and prehistory, we can trace strong evidence of the archaic presence of leisure in human life. It seems striking and meaningful that in fact all that is human streams out from leisure. Leisure occurs to be an arch-human phenomenon. This paper addresses this multidimensional cultural presence and the sense and value of leisure conceived as a source of civilization, symbolic thought, social institutions, habits and practices. The cultural primordiality of leisure is evident when we take into consideration an aboriginal release from total preoccupation with only impulsive and instinctual survival activities that took place in the era of Homo habilis some 2 millions years ago. It is obvious that free time was a great achievement of these evolutionary forms of human beings when we reflect upon the earliest seeds of consciousness expressed in primitive pe...

Theoretical and Sociological Aspects of Leisure Time

Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies

Our society is undergoing a constant change that encompasses all areas of human life. The importance of work and free time, the two central areas of life, has undergone a major change. The reasons are obvious: work alienation, increasing prosperity and the change in traditional social values have given greater importance to leisure time [1]. But despite the multifaceted social and technical changes over time, people have not realized the character and properties of time. The ultimate goal of this research is the theoretical and sociological approach to leisure time. The method adopted for the study was a review of the relevant literature. In the light of the present study, it is found that problems usually arise rather from human attitude towards time than time itself. The concept of time is comprehensive and encompasses physical and biological as well as psychological and social processes, which overlap and influence each other. The perception of time is not the same but varies depending on the person or the situation. Time seems to have a different qualitative and changing meaning. So, as people and their world change, so does the way they perceive time and the measures they take to deal with it. The way someone interprets past events, or thinks about the present and the future differs to a great extent from person to person. Some people consider their present life as a result of their past attempts; others think less of the past and enjoy life in the present, while others believe in the permanent repetition of already known things. The use of time in the course of the day or the week was the subject of research. No doubt, the 24 hours of the day pass just as quickly whether you are old or young, a woman or a man. Time is a phenomenon that is difficult to comprehend and perceive. Time is not always the same time. But with a closer understanding of the prevailing time apprehension, time budget and time patterns we can identify specific attitude structures towards time. Finally, it becomes clear that today we cannot talk about either leisure time park or leisure time society, since time is to a great extent allocated between managing work, house chores and essential hygiene as well as sleep. Only a few have the power to change their own time pattern and develop new dynamics.

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Exploring the Concept of Leisure and Its Impacts on Quality of Life

The purpose of this study is to express the concept and components of leisure so that people can have clear idea of its meaning. A well adaptation to leisure-centred life could help individuals experience good life. It has been espoused that what is done in free hours has great effects on the growth and development of individuals and by extension, the nation. Leisure has been viewed in various ways by different authors. It is viewed in relation to time, activity, play, state of mind and work. Having a clear idea of what leisure stands for is very germane. This is because the meaning one gives to leisure may affects the individual's choice of discretionary activities.

5-CONCEPTIONS of Leisure : A Historical Approach on Societies

2013

Introduction Leisure has been the focus of countless studies on contemporary society. This is due mostly to the strong correlation among leisure activities and quality of life and the social development of individuals. Although it is impossible to precisely foresee the starting point of concerning about leisure activities, it is known that those have accompanied man ever since the beginning of humankind. Although leisure has been the focus of studies in different areas, it should be studied from the precept that man is a biophysicosocial being, and his biological, psychological and sociological characteristics cannot be dissociated. An investigation concerning leisure can reveal several characteristics that show the social and cultural context of a society. Eventually leisure is conceived as a synonym of free time, nevertheless, such proposition is not true. Leisure activities are practiced during free time, but free time is not completely fulfilled with activities characterized as ...

The Concept of Leisure as Culture-dependent–Between Tradition and Modernity

Journal of Cultural and Religious Studies, 2014

The article deals with the concept of leisure in Israel in terms of time, activity, state of mind, and Jewish values. The purpose of the study is to examine changes in how leisure is conceived in Judaism and the differences in the secular and religious conception of leisure, and the special relationship between leisure, work, and religious obligations and tradition. The study reviews the factors that have shaped the conception of leisure and its developments over time in Jewish religious society in general and in Israel in particular, which is a country with cultural foundations in both tradition and modernity, and one that strives to strike a balance between its multiple commitments to its religious roots and its modern democratic nature. The study proceeds to discuss the implications of such conceptions and developments for the Israeli education system. The article may have practical implications for imparting leisure behaviors, an educational challenge involving people's attitude to leisure.

The transformation of leisure

Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 14927713 2009 9651449, 2010

What does leisure mean to people? Has the essence of leisure been changed? The individuals may feel controlled by a system that values material possessions more than emotional and spiritual wealth. In the present context, it seems that people respond to the pressures of being productive and of consumption by measuring what they are and how much they have rather than analyzing the quality of who they are and what they have. These extrinsic motivators tend to govern people's lives and behaviours influencing how they relate to others. These motivators have also impacted the spiritual and emotional elements of quality of life. Leisure is no longer a disposition of the mind, spontaneous and genuine; it has become a disposition of the society. Thus, the historical sense of freedom in leisure has been lost to consumerism. This paper analyzes the elements that have transformed leisure behaviour and explores alternatives to help regain the philosophical essence of leisure.

Leisure time: Behavioural Factors, Course of Life and Lifestyle

European Journal of Business and Management Research, 2020

Leisure cannot be perceived as a phenomenon that affects all people to the same degree. General statistical trends such as more time, higher available disposable income or technical innovations cannot lead to the conclusion that every member of the society changes its leisure activities in the same way and adapts to the new framework conditions. Whether and how individual social differences affect leisure time, are reproduced or transformed in view of current sociopolitical changes continues to be a particularly topical question in the study of leisure time and lifestyle. The ultimate goal of this research is the analysis of behavioural factors, the course of life and lifestyle as regards leisure time. The method adopted for the study was a review of the relevant literature. In the light of the present study, it is found that a differentiated view of leisure behaviour should essentially be followed from two complementary perspectives: a theory of action and a theory of structure. This action occurs in a social structure, which specifies a place of action for the individual, in which the individual actions are consciously or unconsciously adapted. The analysis of social structures to date can be made more precise. Lifestyles are mainly distinguished by the activities they contain. This means creating a style that results from everyday visible actions and ways of behaving. Orientations are also taken into consideration, which could lead to the conclusion on which principles people organize their lives. Lifestyle, in a nutshell, can be understood as a thematically structured model of providing motivation, perceptions, behaviour and experience in order to meet needs, accomplish tasks, and reach or achieve goals. From the social sciences point of view, it has been shown that lifestyle expression depends on demographic factors that are not influenced, such as age and gender, as well as social factors such as education, occupational status and income. As a result, we can maintain that the change trends as regards leisure time that were discussed here undoubtedly provide a good basis for estimating leisure activities. Adequate time and financial resources are essential to this end.

Leisure activities: A key to sustaining a better lifestyle

International journal of applied research, 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the participation in leisure activities and level of leisure satisfaction of college students, thus the survey method using the questionnaire of Leisure Satisfaction Scale (LSS) is employed in this study. The result shows that the activities participated in by college students are those that are relaxing, for health and being with friends. The result implies that these students nurture not only their physical heath but their emotional health as well. The research findings could serve as guidepost for future researches and designing recreational and leisure programs for institutions and organizations.

Exploring the Meanings of Leisure among Turkish University Students / Istraživanje značenja pojma slobodnog vremena među turskim studentima

2013

Research about leisure and its meanings from cultural perspectives is receiving more and more attention. The purpose of this study is to explore the meanings of leisure and preferred recreational activities among Turkish students. A sample of 691 university students completed a survey about leisure meanings and preferred recreational activities. As a new concept in Turkey, leisure is found to be associated most with subscales related to work, perceived competence, social interaction, and perceived freedom. Particular activities are also associated with specific meanings subscales. Individuals participating in sports, social activities, and outdoor recreation are more likely to see perceived competence as important. Opportunities for active and passive activities are associated most often with sports, outdoor, cultural arts, and tourism activities. Results suggest that although broad meanings of leisure are important, specific activities may make the meanings more salient in a cultur...

The Study of Leisure Satisfaction

The Study of Leisure Satisfaction, 2021

As an effect of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the digital transition, the pace of life of the world's citizens has accelerated and 24 hour day is busier than ever and racing against time. This busy pace of life has positive and negative impacts not only on individual lives, but also on the society and economy of nations and regions. Psychologists and leisure researchers have confirmed that leisure activities have a positive effect on maintaining a balanced life and increasing life satisfaction. In this study, we aimed to determine leisure activities and level of leisure satisfaction of the population, and defined leisure satisfaction by six factors: psychological, educational, social, recreational, physical, and aesthetic, leisure activities by 6 factors: active, passive, arts and cultural, social, work related, unusual. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire with 3 parts, 78 questions from a total of 1054 respondents (21 provinces Ulaanbaatar-9 districts) and the survey data were developed and analyzed using SPSS24 software. The results of the study show that levels of relaxation, social and educational satisfaction is high, and influences of aesthetic, physical and psychological factors is poor.