Real-time data processing in the ALICE High Level Trigger at the LHC (original) (raw)
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Hadron collider triggers with offline-quality tracking at very high event rates
13th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference, 2003
We propose precise and fast-track reconstruction at hadron collider experiments, for use in online trigger decisions. We describe the features of fast-track (FTK), a highly parallel processor dedicated to the efficient execution of a fast-tracking algorithm. The hardware-dedicated structure optimizes speed and size; these parameters are evaluated for the ATLAS experiment. We discuss some applications of high-quality tracks available to the trigger logic at an early stage, by using the LHC environment as a benchmark. The most interesting application is online selection of b-quarks down to very low transverse momentum, providing interesting hadronic samples: examples are , potentially useful for jet calibration, and multi-b final states for supersymmetric Higgs searches. The paper is generated from outside the ATLAS experiment and has not been discussed by the ATLAS collaboration.
Hadron collider triggers with high-quality tracking at very high event rates
IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2004
We propose precise and fast-track reconstruction at hadron collider experiments, for use in online trigger decisions. We describe the features of fast-track (FTK), a highly parallel processor dedicated to the efficient execution of a fast-tracking algorithm. The hardware-dedicated structure optimizes speed and size; these parameters are evaluated for the ATLAS experiment. We discuss some applications of high-quality tracks available to the trigger logic at an early stage, by using the LHC environment as a benchmark. The most interesting application is online selection of b-quarks down to very low transverse momentum, providing interesting hadronic samples: examples are , potentially useful for jet calibration, and multi-b final states for supersymmetric Higgs searches. The paper is generated from outside the ATLAS experiment and has not been discussed by the ATLAS collaboration.
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Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2017
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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2014
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Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2015
ALICE (A Large Heavy Ion Experiment) is one of the four major experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, which is today the most powerful particle accelerator worldwide. The High Level Trigger (HLT) is an online compute farm of about 200 nodes, which reconstructs events measured by the ALICE detector in real-time. The HLT uses a custom online data-transport framework to distribute data and workload among the compute nodes. ALICE employs several calibration-sensitive subdetectors, e.g. the TPC (Time Projection Chamber). For a precise reconstruction, the HLT has to perform the calibration online. Onlinecalibration can make certain Offline calibration steps obsolete and can thus speed up Offline analysis. Looking forward to ALICE Run III starting in 2020, online calibration becomes a necessity. The main detector used for track reconstruction is the TPC. Reconstructing the trajectories in the TPC is the most compute-intense step during event reconstruction. Therefore, a fast tracking implementation is of great importance. Reconstructed TPC tracks build the basis for the calibration making a fast online-tracking mandatory. We present several components developed for the ALICE High Level Trigger to perform fast event reconstruction and to provide features required for online calibration. As first topic, we present our TPC tracker, which employs GPUs to speed up the processing, and which bases on a Cellular Automaton and on the Kalman filter. Our TPC tracking algorithm has been successfully used in 2011 and 2012 in the lead-lead and the proton-lead runs. We have improved it to leverage features of newer GPUs and we have ported it to support OpenCL, CUDA, and CPUs with a single common source code. This makes us vendor independent. As second topic, we present framework extensions required for online calibration. The extensions, however, are generic and can be used for other purposes as well. We have extended the framework to support asynchronous compute chains, which are required for long-running tasks required e.g. for online calibration. And we describe our method to feed in custom data sources in the data flow. These can be external parameters like environmental temperature required for calibration and these can also be used to feed back calibration results into the processing chain. Overall, the work presented in this contribution makes the ALICE HLT ready for online reconstruction and calibration for the LHC Run II starting in 2015.