Antioxidant activity of a standardized extract of Byrsonima japurensis A. Juss. (Malpighiaceae) stem bark (original) (raw)
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Oxidative stress is a major factor related to the development of inflammatory diseases, which have traditionally been treated with medicinal plants. Given this relationship, into the research of natural antioxidant sources, the antioxidant capacity profiles of 11 species used in traditional medicine as anti-inflammatories were determined. The antioxidant capacity profile was investigated by using different methodologies that consider electron transfer mechanisms (ET), such as stabilization of the DPPH • radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and hydrogen atom transfer mechanisms (HAT) such as oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation of lipoproteins through the assessment of conjugated dienes and thiobar-bituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Additionally, the total polyphenol content by the Folin–Ciocalteu method was determined, and the correlation between antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content was estimated. The best amounts of total phenolics and maximum values found in DPPH, FRAP, TEAC, and inhibition of lipid oxidation tests were for extracts of Tibouchina kingii, Pseudelephantopus spiralis, and Mimosa albida. Correlation between polyphenol content with ET tests was observed (r 2 > 0.85, p < 0.001), explaining more than 72% of the antioxidant capacity of the extracts. Additionally, a highly significant correlation was observed between the ORAC and the TBARS tests, confirming that the antioxidant capacity is due in part to transfer mechanisms involving hydrogen atoms. These findings may confirm the interesting potential of these plants as a valuable source of natural bioactive molecules.
A comparative study on the antioxidant activity of selected medicinal plant extracts
European Journal of Biotechnology and Bioscience, 2016
The ethanol and methanol extracts of, Prunus dulkis (Almond), Ficus racemosa (Audumbar), Kalanchoe pinnata (Panphutti), Ocimum gratissimum (Tulsi) were screened for their free radical scavenging property using ascorbic acid as standard antioxidant. Free radical sacvanging activity was studied using DPPH method. Highest antioxidant activity observed in Kalanchoe pinnata with 69.841% and 78.56% in ethanol and methanol extract respectively. In case of ethanol extract Ficus racemosa, and Ocimum gratissimum showed higher antioxidant activity as compared to other. In case of methanol extract Kalanchoe pinnata is at top. This present study proves that the plant extracts have considerable antioxidant property and further detailed studies and characterization of these plant extracts can contribute to their medicinal and pharmaceutical applications.
Pharmaceutical Biology, 2006
The 50% alcohol extracts of Swertia chirayita. (Roxb. ex Flem) (Gentianaceae), Cedrus deodar. (Roxb. ex Lamb) (Pinaceae), Boerhavia diffusa. (Linn.) (Nyctaginaceae), Berberis aristata. (Linn.) (Berberidaceae), Withania somnifera. Dunal (Solanaceae), Pongamia glabra. (Vent) (Papilionoideae), Petrocarpus santalinus. (Linn.) (Papilionoideae), Tinospora cordifolia. (Willd) Miers (Menispermaceae), and Acrous calamus. (Linn.) (Araceae), were screened for antioxidant and possible anti-inflammatory potential. The evaluation of antioxidant potential was determined by performing 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazine (DPPH˙) reduction assay, OH radical (OH˙) scavenging activity, estimation of vitamin C, total polyphenols, and inhibition of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) as a model oxidizing enzyme. To understand the possible anti-inflammatory potential of the selected plants, trypsin and β.-glucuronidase inhibition assays were carried out. All the plants under study were found to be effective scavengers of DPPH radicals. Among the tested plants, only Pongamia glabra, Petrocarpus santalinus, Tinospora cordifolia., and Acrous calamus. were found to possess OH radical scavenging activity. Appreciable amounts of vitamin C and phenolics were estimated from all the plant extracts under study. Except for Pongamia glabra., all the tested plants demonstrated significant PPO inhibitory activity. The plants under study were found to have moderate antiproteolytic activity toward trypsin-induced hydrolysis of bovine serum albumin. Except for Cedrus deodar. and Acrous calamus., none of the plant extracts showed β.-glucuronidase inhibitory potential. The results of the current study may be of use for standardization and validation of herbal drugs containing the above mentioned plants as one of the ingredients.
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016
Background: The Amazon is the largest rainforest in the world and is home to a rich biodiversity of medicinal plants. Several of these plants are used by the local population for the treatment of diseases, many of those with probable anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and anti-peroxidases potential of the ethanol extracts of five plants from the Brazilian Amazon (Byrsonima japurensis, Calycophyllum spruceanum, Maytenus guyanensis, Passiflora nitida and Ptychopetalum olacoides). Methods: DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion radical, singlet oxygen and the β-carotene bleaching methods were employed for characterization of free radical scavenging activity. Also, total polyphenols were determined. Antioxidant activities were evaluated using murine fibroblast NIH3T3 cell. Inhibition of HRP and MPO were evaluated using amplex red® as susbtract. Results: The stem bark extracts of C. spruceanum and M. guyanensis provided the highest free radical scavenging activities. C. spruceanum exhibited IC 50 = 7.5 ± 0.9, 5.0 ± 0.1, 18.2 ± 3.0 and 92.4 ± 24.8 μg/mL for DPPH • , ABTS +• , O 2-• and 1 O 2 assays, respectively. P. olacoides and C. spruceanum extracts also inhibited free radicals formation in the cell-based assay. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL, the extracts of C. spruceanum, B. japurensis inhibited horseradish peroxidase by 62 and 50 %, respectively. C. spruceanum, M. guyanensis, B. japurensis also inhibited myeloperoxidase in 72, 67 and 56 %, respectively. Conclusions: This work supports the folk use these species that inhibited peroxidases and exhibited significant free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities what can be related to treatment of inflammation.
Phytochemical Studies, Anti-Oxidant and Anti- Inflammatory Properties of Four Medicinal Plants
Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, 2023
Rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic autoimmune disorder, is characterized by polyarthralgia and joint dysfunction resulting from autoimmune responses that target self-neoepitopes. These attacks lead to the activation of macrophages and other defense cells. By identifying these self-epitopes as biomarkers in RA, researchers have gained valuable insights into the disease's pathogenesis. Over the years, research has focused on investigating the potential of medicinal plants as antiinflammatory agents. In this study, a hydroethanolic extract of Saraca asoca, Ficus benghalensis, Chenopodium album, and Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaves was prepared by Soxhlet apparatus. Various concentrations of extracts were utilized to assess phytochemical analysis, GC-MS, in-vitro anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The highest scavenging potential was exhibited by Chenopodium album, as assessed by the DPPH assay (90.32 ± 3.2 %) and H 2 O 2 (86.00 ± 1.94 %). Similarly, the Nyctanthes arbor-tristis showed (92.23 ± 0.83 %) inhibition in membrane stabilization assay, and (91.49 ± 1.03 %) in protein denaturation inhibition capacity. GCMS analysis showed various phytoconstituents in extracts. In order to confirm its therapeutic potential for treating RA, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis may be a better drug candidate that needs to be further researched for mechanistic studies.
Anti-Inflammatory, Antipyretic and Antioxidant Effect of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts
Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 2000
Alhagi maurorum Medic., Conyza dioscoridis (L.) Desf., Convolvulus fatmensis G. Kunze., Diplotaxis acris (Forssk) Boiss and Origanum syriacum L. were evaluated for their phytochemical contents. Moreover, their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic activities were evaluated in lab animals at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. The antioxidant activity was estimated using DPPH free radical scavenging activity method for the alcoholic extracts of the investigated plants at different concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/ml). The anti-inflammatory activity was estimated using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method and the activities were compared to that of diclofenac sodium (30 mg/kg). The antinociceptive activity was estimated peripherally and centrally using the writhing and the hot plate tests, respectively. The antipyretic activity was estimated using Brewer's yeast-induced hyperpyrexia in rats and the activities were
The present study was aimed to evaluate free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory potential of extracts of Astraeus hygrometricus-a tropical wild edible mushroom. Free radical scavenging potential of crude, boiled and ethanolic extracts was studied using different in vitro antioxidant models. The anti-inflammatory activity of the potential extract was evaluated in carrageenan and dextran induced acute and formalin induced chronic inflammatory model in mice. Among all the extracts, ethanolic extract possesses significant in vitro superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition activities. The IC 50 values of ethanolic extracts of A. hygrometricus represented 357.95, 81.2 and 87.96 μg/ml respectively. Furthermore, the ethanolic extract showed remarkable anti-inflammatory activity in all models comparable to the standard reference drug diclofenac. The results suggest that anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of A. hygrometricus is possibly attributed to its free radical scavenging properties.
Antioxidant, phytochemical, and therapeutic properties of medicinal plants: a review
International Journal of Food Properties, 2023
Oxidation is an integral part of aerobic processes of life. It involves the transfer of electrons or hydrogen via a chemical reaction from a substance to an oxidizing agent leading to the production of free radicals. These free radicals which are highly reactive in turn initiate a chain of reactions that lead to cellular damage. The etiology of plethora diseases has been linked to the generation of free radicals beyond the body's antioxidant capacity, leading to oxidative stress. Consequently, the focus of research has tilted toward plants which provide natural products rich in antioxidants capable of scavenging and distrupting the harmful e ects of these free radicals. A large group of compounds produced by plants referred to as phytochemicals possessing high antioxidant properties have been seen to be helpful in tackling numerous diseases. This review covered the antioxidant potential of some plants with medicinal properties bene cial to people, industries, and health institutions who desire their potential bene ts. A total of two hundred and fty plants from the following families; Asteraceae, Combretaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Moraceae and Malvaceae were reviewed. These plants exert important biological properties, such as anti-in ammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties, among others.
Background: Inflammation is a common risk factor in the pathogenesis of conditions such as infections, arthritis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and cancer. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used traditionally to treat inflammation and related disorders such as pain, arthritis and stomach aches in southern Africa led to the selection of 25 plant species used in this study. Methods: The antioxidant activities of acetone extracts were determined by measuring the free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing ability, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were determined by measuring the inhibitory effect of the extracts on the activities of the pro-inflammatory enzyme, lipoxygenase and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Results: Extracts of Peltophorum africanum had good antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 4.67 ± 0.31 μg/mL and 7.71 ± 0.36 μg/mL compared to that of the positive control ascorbic acid (2.92 ± 0.14 μg/mL and 13.57 ± 0.44 μg/mL), using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) methods, respectively. The metabolism of linoleic acid to leukotriene derivatives by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) was also inhibited by the crude acetone extracts of Peltophorum africanum (IC50 = 12.42 μg/mL), Zanthoxylum capense (IC50= 14.92 μg/mL) compared to the positive control quercetin (IC50 = 8.75 μg/mL). There was a poor correlation between the flavonoid content and 15-LOX inhibition by the extracts (R2 = 0.05), indicating that flavonoids are not involved in LOX inhibition. Extracts of Clausena anisata, at a concentration of 6.25 μg/mL inhibited nitric oxide production by RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines in vitro by 96 %. The extracts of Zanthoxylum capense were the least cytotoxic (IC50 > 1000 μg/mL) when the extract toxicity was determined against Vero (African green Monkey) kidney cell lines. Conclusion: Some plant species used traditionally to treat pain have reasonable anti-inflammatory activity and flavonoids are probably not involved in this process.
Screening of thirteen medicinal plant extracts for antioxidant activity
2010
Antioxidants are vital substances which possess the ability to protect the body from damage caused by free radical induced oxidative stress. A variety of free radical scavenging antioxidants exist within the body which many of them are derived from dietary sources like fruits, vegetables and teas. In this study the antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity of methanolic extracts of selected plant materials, traditionally used by Iranian population as folk remedies was evaluated against linoleic acid peroxidation and 2,2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical. The antioxidant activity expressed as IC 50 ranged from1.28 ng/ml in Biebresteinia multifida to 63.48 ng/ml in Polypodium vulgare. Radical scavenging activities expressed as IC 50 varied from 1.83 µg/ml in Salix sp. to 187.88 µg/ml in Allium hirtifolium.