Leaf flavonoids in Cotoneaster wilsonii (Rosaceae) from the island Ulleung-do, Korea (original) (raw)
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Analysis of leaf flavonoid composition of some Iranian Cotoneaster Medik. (Rosaceae) species
Acta Biologica Sibirica, 2019
The genus Cotoneaster consists of unarmed shrubs that naturally distributed in north parts of Iran. It is a problematic genus, and there are many discussions about its species number in Iran as well the World. Recently, M Khatamsaz has been listed 19 species of it in Iran. In the current research, we studied leaf flavonoid composition of seven Cotoneaster species from Iran. These species were harvested from the northern provinces of the country and their leaf ethanolic extracts were subjected to HPLC, for detection the types and amounts of their flavonoid compounds. We identified four flavonoid compounds: rutin, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol. The concentration of these flavonoids differed between the species, moreover amount of each flavonoid also varied among the studied species. All of them were registered in the studied species, except for myricetin, which was not observed in C. nummularius. The highest amount of flavonoids were detected in C. nummularius, while C. discolo...
Flavonoid chemistry of Weigela (Caprifoliaceae) in Korea
Journal of Plant Research, 1997
Fifteen flavonoids were isolated from flowers and leaves of four species ofWeigela [W. florida (Bunge) A. DC.,W. praecox (Lemoine) Bailey,W. hortensis (Sieb. et Zucc.) K. Koch, andW. subsessilis (Nakai) Bailey] of Korea and one species (W. coraeensis Thunb.) of Japan. The flavonoid data indicated the presence of two distinct chemical groups: the “yellow flower” type producing flavonols and the “red flower” type producing flavonols and flavones. Two cyanidin 3-O-glycosides (glucoside and glucose-xylose) also occurred in all examined taxa. In the floral color-changing species,W. subsessilis, only quercetin glycosides predominated in floral tissue at first, decreasing in number and quantity with time. Instead, cyanidin 3-O-glycosides became present predominantly in flower color changing tissue from yellow to mauve.Weigela florida produced apigenin and luteolin glycosides, along with cyanidin 3-O-glycosides, which were also found inW. subsessilis. Within a relatively limited number of individuals (five),W. hortensis was unique in its production of all flavonols, flavones, and anthocyanins, although two individuals lacked flavone compounds but possessed all flavonols and anthocyanins. In effect, the putative hybrid,W. hortensis of Korea showed additive profiles of the parental marker compounds ofW. subsessilis andW. florida. Pollinator (andrenid bees) non-discrimination betweenWeigela flower-color morphs leading to non-assortive mating was a common, which indicated no breeding barrier among species. This flavonoid study indicated that species of both sections,Weigela andCalysphyrum appeared in each chemical grouping and it was obvious that the arrangement based on flavonoids cut across the sectional treatment of Hara. Floral tissues may be directly involved in the evolutionary strategy of pollination mechanisms and hence, their inherent flavonoids may no longer support taxonomic relationships. The presence of flavone glycosides inWeigela would support that tribe Dievilleae have a closer affinity to tribe Lonicereae within the Family Caprifoliaceae.
Natural Product Communications, 2015
Ultraviolet-B radiation is harmful to plants, and its intensity increases at altitude. So plants growing at high altitude possess UV protection systems. Flavonoid is known as a major UV protectant because it absorbs UV radiation and scavenges UV-induced free radicals in plant tissues. Japanese knotweed ( Fallopia japonica) and Japanese larch ( Larix kaempferi) grow at a wide range of altitudes on Mt. Fuji, the highest mountain in Japan, while the two plants harbor a homogeneous genetic structure. In the present study, a total of 14 flavonol 3- O-glycosides were isolated from both species. Furthermore, quantitative HPLC analyses revealed that flavonoid levels in the leaves of F. japonica and the needles of L. kaempferi increased with increasing altitude of their growing sites. The altitudinal trend of UV-absorbing antioxidants of herbal and woody plants was simultaneously revealed for the first time. These results suggest that both species have chemically acclimatized to high altitud...
Identification of Flavonoids in Cabomba Furcata from Tasik Chini, Pahang Malaysia
2016
Early studies of Cabomba furcata from Chini Lake, Pahang, Malaysia has shown the presence of bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids which have not been identified yet. Flavonoids are believed to have good contributions to the humankind and they have the potential to be commercialized in pharmaceutical field. This study was done to identify the flavonoid components that are present in C. furcata and then to quantify the flavonoids. The analysis and identification of flavonoids were carried out using 3 methods, spectrophotometry uv-visible (uvvis), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Extraction was performed by using five (5) different solvents namely water, methanol, chloroform, methanol-water (1:1) and methanol-chloroform (2:1) and it was found that methanol-water gives the highest extraction yield (8.7%). Preliminary test with spectrophotometry uv-vis had shown the presence of gallic acid, catechin, syringic acid a...
Identification of Lotus tenuis Waldst. et Kit. Flavonoids-Part II
Index--Lotus tenuis; kaempferol-3-O-glucoside; kaempferol-3-O-glucosyl-7-O-rhamnoside; rhythm of production; qualitative and quantitative variation. Abstract--Flavonoid metabolism was investigated in Lotus tenuis Waldst. et Kit. (birdsfoot trefoil). This species is dominant during spring and summer in the native grasslands of the Province of Buenos Aires (Argentina). Flavonoid compounds were studied during a whole life cycle of the plant in four different developmental stages. The presence of free kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside and kaempferol-3-Oglucosyl-7-O-rhamnoside was detected. Qualitative and quantitative differences in relation to these compounds were observed.
EJMNS, 2020
Willofleaf cotoneaster (Cotoneaster salicifolius Franch.) is a low, prostrate shrub, grown in Romania as an ornamental plant. Its fruits are small, ovoid pomes. Fruit tissues were analyzed for total carotenoid content (through acetone extraction and spectrophotometry), flavonoid content (methanol extraction and spectrophotometry) and total concentration of phenolic and polyphenolic compounds (methanol extraction and spectrophotometric Folin-Ciocâlteu method). C. salicifolius fruits analyzed contained an average of 311.50 mg/kg DW carotenoids (heat-dried fruits-only 100.25 mg/kg). Average flavonoid concentration was 9,777.62 mg/kg in fresh frozen fruits and 4,574 mg/kg in dried ones. 25,056.09 mg/kg GAE was the average concentration of total phenolics in fresh fruits, while dry fruit powder contained 5,271 mg/kg GAE. These concentrations of bioactive compounds are comparable, or even have a higher than in pomes belonging to related species, including domestic cultivars of rowanberry ...
Leaf flavonoid chemistry and the relationships of theLactoridaceae
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 1986
Leaves of the monotypic angiosperm family Lactoridaceae exhibit flavonoid constituents consisting of six 3-0-diglycosides of the flavonols kaempferol and isorhamnetin. The presence of flavonols is concordant with the placement of Lactoridaceae among the "archaic" or "primitive" flowering plants. Flavonoid chemistry is less informative on the relationships of the family within the primitive dicots. The presence of isorhamnetin suggests closer affinities with families in the Laurales, particularly the Gomortegaceae and Monimiaceae. Phenetic and cladistic analyses of morphological features place the Lactoridaceae near several families in the Magnoliales.
Flavonoids and the taxonomy of Cercis
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2000
Flavonoids of 11 samples of Cercis, comprising seven species, were isolated and identi"ed. Only 3-O-monoglycosides of kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin were obtained. Bauhinia (the largest genus in tribe Cercideae) is akin to Cercis because #avones are rarely found in the former. On the other hand, species of Bauhinia often present glycosides of isorhamnetin and a wider diversity of glycosides, and only rarely present myricetin. The frequent occurrence of this #avonol and the simpler #avonoid pro"le of Cercis may re#ect a greater antiquity of Cercis as compared with Bauhinia. With the exception of C. canadensis var. mexicana, Cercis taxa from xerophytic habitats did not yield kaempferol glycosides in detectable amounts, as opposed to taxa from mesophytic habitats. The results obtained are consistent with proposals of merging C. reniformis into synonymy of C. occidentalis, as well as the recognition of two North American species, C. canadensis and C. occidentalis, and the recognition of the Asian C. gigantea.
Revista de Chimie, 2020
Cotoneaster horizontalis Decne. and Cotoneaster microphyllus Wall. ex Lindl. species are two creeping bushes, commonly used as ornamental plants in gardens and parks. The aim of this paper was to assess the concentrations of some classes of bioactive compounds classes, carotenoids, flavonoids and total phenolic compounds, in fresh fruits of these species. Carotenoids and flavonoids were determined through acetone and methanol extraction followed by spectrophotometry. For total phenolics, methanol extraction and a spectrophotometric Folin-Ciocâlteu method was used. The total antioxidant capacity was quantified through photochemiluminescence method by comparison with the standard substance used for calibration, Trolox® as tocopherol analogue (ACL procedure) using Photochem apparatus, Analytik Jena AG, Germany. Average values found in Cotoneaster horizontalis and Cotoneaster microphyllus fruit tissue were 380.63 mg/kg, respectively 179.63 mg/kg, carotenoids; 8036.07 mg/kg, respectively 6888.06 mg/kg flavonoids; and 16342.06 mg/kg GAE, respectively 18631.35 mg/kg GAE total phenolic compounds. These values are comparable to those found in other wild and cultivated related Rosaceae, including domestic rowans. Cotoneaster microphyllus fruits emphasized an increased antioxidant activity (up to 39.69 μmol Trolox equivalent/g dry weight).