Some Aspects of the Interaction between Cotton Anionic Peroxidases and Verticillium dahliae Kleb (original) (raw)
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Specific chitin-binding isozymes of peroxidase (POX) play an important role in pathogenesis of plant diseases caused by fungi. We studied the dynamics of peroxidase activity in two varieties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.); one was susceptible and the other resistant to the plant pathogen Verticillium dahliae. After infection with strongly and weakly virulent isolate of V. dahliae, we observed a correlation between the level of seedling tissue lesion and peroxidase ac-tivity. Thus, the first POX activity was observed in all infected plants 2 hours after inoculation, but POX activity of the resistant variety rapidly increased and maximized 3 days after infection, while POX activity in the susceptible variety showed a slow increase that continued to increase during the remaining 8 days of experimental observation. The in-crease of POX activity in the susceptible variety after infection may be explained by progressive fungal colonization of cotton tissues leading to irreversible sene...
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A greenhouse test was conducted in 2011 and 2012 growing seasons at Giza Agricultural Research station to evaluate the reaction of six cotton genotypes to Fusarium wilt disease. The genotypes showed considerable variation in susceptibility to the disease (percentage of wilt incidence), which ranged from 32.24 to 88.0% In general, the genotypes could be divided into highly susceptible, susceptible, moderately susceptible, moderately resistant, and resistant. Data for wilt incidence and level or activity of some component biochemicals (phenols, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase) were introduced into a computerized linear regression analysis. The analysis constructed seven predictive models by using the biochemical components, singly or in combination, as biochemical predictors. It was evident that models nos. 1 and 5 were the best models for predicting incidence of Fusarium wilt. The superiority of these models was attributed to their high R 2 value (0.668 and 0.814, respectively) and the significance of their F. values (p = 0.047 and p = 0.080, respectively). The results of the present study suggest that phenols alone or both phenols and polyphenoloxidase in uninfected cotton seed, which may or may not take part of the Fusarium wilt resistance mechanisms, can use as biochemical markers to predict Fusarium wilt resistance.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology
Verticillium Wilt Disease is one of the most important diseases affecting the rate of cotton yield. There is no economic chemical control for Verticillium wilt, but it is recommended to use resistant varieties to control this disease. This experiment was carried out in a randomized plot design with four replications in the growth chamber to determine the response of some cotton cultivars against a defoliating and non-defoliating pathotypes of Verticilllium dahliae Kleb. In the study, a total of twenty cotton cultivars i.e. the resistant control GIZA 75, the tolerant control CARMEN and the susceptible control ACALA SJ2, defoliating (PYDV6 isolate) and non-defoliating (Vd 11 isolate) pathotypes were used, and cotton varieties were tested using conidial suspension technique. Analysis of variance showed significantly (P
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Cotton, a natural fiber producing crop of huge importance for textile industry, has been reckoned as the backbone in the economy of many developing countries. Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae reflected as the most devastating disease of cotton crop in several parts of the world. Average losses due to attack of this disease are tremendous every year. There is urgent need to develop strategies for effective control of this disease. In the last decade, progress has been made to understand the interaction between cotton-V. dahliae and several growth and pathogenicity related genes were identified. Still, most of the molecular components and mechanisms of cotton defense against Verticillium wilt are poorly understood. However, from existing knowledge, it is perceived that cotton defense mechanism primarily depends on the pre-formed defense structures including thick cuticle, synthesis of phenolic compounds and delaying or hindering the expansion of the invader through adv...
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Two species of plant pathogenic fungi causing Verticillium wilt of cotton, Verticillium dalhiae Kleb. and V. nigrescens Pethybr., proved aggressive and weakly pathogen of cotton, respectively, and were used in this study. Cotton cultivars cvs 4S and Stoneville 453, susceptible to Verticillium wilt disease, were treated with both organisms in order to determine possible cross protection effects of V. nigrescens against V. dahliae. Results showed that the cotton plants which were inoculated on the same day as V. dahliae prior to inoculation by V. nigrescens were showing aggressive wilt symptoms of Verticillium wilt of cotton. However, the plants inoculated on the same day as V. nigrescens prior to inoculation by V. dahliae resulted low to mild wilt symptoms. Control of Verticillium wilt of cotton was obtained when V. nigrescens was inoculated four days prior to inoculation by V. dalhiae. Those promising results where further explained by data obtained from the transpiration rates of the mass flow of sap in cotton stems and demonstrated that conidia of V. nigrescens could protect the cotton plants from virulent conidia of V. dahliae.
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Resistant (Reba B50) and susceptible (Acala 44) cotton plants were investigated for intratissular growth of bacterial populations and peroxidase (POx) activity, after infection of cotyledons with races 18 or 20 from #Xanthomonas (#Axonopodis$) campestris$ pv. #malvacearum$. Considerable multiplication of the bacterial population was noticed in the compatible interaction (Acala 44 / Xcm race 18) ; it was much lower during the incompatible interaction when race 18 was infiltrated into cotyledons of Reba B50. An intermediate level of bacterial growth was obtained when Reba B50 was infiltrated with race known to overcome resistance of this line. High increase in POx activity occurred into the infected cotyledons during incompatible interaction, while the increase was much lower when the interactions were compatible. On leaves, a similar and significant difference in enzyme activity was also observed indicating that the "peroxidase response" was systemically induced in entire r...
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Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt, vascular diseases caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogens Verticilli"in dahliae and FMSoriwm oxyspor"in f. sp. vosi"Iec!I'm, respectively, are among the most important diseases of cotton (Gossypi"in spp. ), with the potential to costthe cotton industry millions of dollars in lost production. These fungi colonise the plant roots and penetrate the vascular tissues, where they proliferate in the vascular system and are eventually distributed throughout the plant. Plants infected with either Verticillt"in or FMSari"in display similar symptoms of chlorosis and necrosis of leaves, defoliation, stunting or plant death. Cross-sections of the stern reveal a brown or black centre which is due to the formation of meIanised products in the infected vascular system. However, chlorosis in Fusarium wilttends to be in patches and vascular browning is more pronounced than in Verticillium wilt. In general, the symptoms of Fusari...
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