The Removal of Metal Ions ( Cu 2 + and Zn 2 + ) using Waste-reclaimed Adsorbent for Plating Wastewater Treatment Process (original) (raw)
Related papers
2014
Applicability of waste-reclaimed material (WR) to remove heavy metals (Cu 2+ and Zn 2+) in a plating wastewater was investigated. The mass (mg) of both Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ removed from solution was linearly increased when the initial concentrations increased from 10 to 100 mg/L. Experimental data was well predicted by both Langmuir and Freundlich models. In the Langmuir model, the values of R L (a dimensionless constant separation factor) indicated that adsorption of both Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ on WR were favorable (i.e. R L for Cu 2+ were 0.337-0.048 and R L for Zn 2+ were 0.775-0.256). Kinetically, adsorption of both Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ was predicted by pseudo-second order model. The highest q e of Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ were 1.6 Â 10 À1 and 8.1 Â 10 À2 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, the initial adsorption rate, h ðk 2 q 2 e Þ, was increased when initial concentrations of metal ions increased. The effect of pH on the removal of Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ revealed that some degrees of Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ were removed at the acidic condition. Moreover, all Cu 2+ was removed at pH 7, while Zn 2+ was completely removed at pH 9. Therefore, those results indicated that the surface characteristics, specifically both the surface charge and chemical compositions, could make WR a potential adsorbent. The use of WR showed that removal of metal ions satisfy the regulatory requirements (i.e. under 3.0 mg/L of Cu 2+ and 5.0 mg/L of Zn 2+) in Korea when experiments using large-scale reactors were conducted 20 times in plating wastewater.
International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology, 2007
Nile Rose Plant was used to study adsorption of several cations (Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ and Pb 2+) from wastewater within various experimental conditions. The dried leaves of Nile Rose Plant were used at different adsorbent/ metal ion ratios. The influence of pH, contact time, metal concentration, and adsorbent loading weight on the removal process was investigated. Batch adsorption studies were carried out at room temperature. The adsorption efficiencies were found to be pH dependent, increasing by increasing the pH in the range from 2.5 to 8.5 exept for Pb. The equilibrium time was attained within 60 to 90 min. and the maximum removal percentage was achieved at an adsorbent loading weight of 1.5 g/50 mL mixed ions solution. Isothermal studies showed that the data were best fitted to the Temkin isotherm model. The removal order was found to be Pb 2+ > Zn 2+ > Cu 2+ > Cd 2+. The surface IR-characterization of Nile rose plant showed the presence of many functional groups capable of binding to the metal cations.
A study of the removal characteristics of heavy metals from wastewater by low-cost adsorbents
In this study, the adsorption behavior of some low-cost adsorbents such as peanut husk charcoal, fly ash, and natural zeolite, with respect to Cu 2+ , and Zn 2+ ions, has been studied in order to consider its application to the purification of metal finishing wastewater. The batch method was employed: parameters such as pH, contact time, and initial metal concentration were studied. The influence of the pH of the metal ion solutions on the uptake levels of the metal ions by the different adsorbents used were carried out between pH 4 and pH 11. The optimum pH for copper and zinc removal was 6 in the case of peanut husk charcoal and natural zeolite, and it was 8 in case of fly ash. An equilibrium time of 2 h was required for the adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions onto peanut husk charcoal and fly ash and an equilibrium time 3 h was required for the adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions onto natural zeolite. Adsorption parameters were determined using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, but the experimental data were better fitted to the Langmuir equation than to Freundlich equation. The results showed that peanut husk charcoal, fly ash and natural zeo-lite all hold potential to remove cationic heavy metal species from industrial wastewater in the order fly ash < peanut husk charcoal < natural zeolite.
2017
Wastewater containing copper and cadmium can be produced by different types of industries. The average increasing of heavy metal accumulation in the environment has led to new and improved cleaning technologies. In this regard, an innovative heavy metal removal process composed of biosorption was developed [1]. The study of [2] shows the result of heavy metal measurements with ICP-MS. Their conclusions were applied in our study also. They determined the full method of measurements from the injection to the data analyse. The ICP-MS technique is sutibale for the measurement of different heavy metal concentrations in natural water samples [2]. [3] studied heavy metals' and PAH's concentrations in agricultural and urban water samples. They determined the relationship between the heavy metal concentrations and the agricultural produces. The study of [4] covers the comparison of various types of waste biomass including bacteria, yeast fungi and activated sludge for their efficiency in the biosorption, sedimentation and desorption stages in the removal of zinc, copper and nickel ions. Single heavy metal solutions were studied in the biosorption experiments. In point of wiev of biosorption (in case of zinc, copper and nickel) was found the best the next bacterias A. nodosum, S. simosus and F. vesiculosus. Overall, among the biomass tested, A. nodosum, S. simosus, F. vesiculosus and P. chrysogenum were found to have the highest potential for use in the heavy metal removal process [4] [5]. The occurrence and the fate of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni and Fe) during the wastewater treatment process were investigated in wastewater settlement of the city of Thessaloniki (Greece), operating in the activated sludge mode [6]. The wastewater and sludge samples were collected from six different points of the settlement, namely: the influent and the effluent of the primary sedimentation tank, the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank, sludge from the primary sedimentation tank, activated sludge form the recirculation stream. An exponential correlation was found between the metal partition coefficient, logKp, and the suspended solids concentration. The mass balance of heavy metals in the primary, secondary and the whole treatment process showed good closures for metal species [7] [8]. All heavy metals were detectable in the wastewater samples with a frequency of occurrence about 100% and only Pb was detected at lower frequency (90%). [9] reported that the phase distribution of individual metals exhibited only small change during the treatment process with a slight progressive increase of the dissolved phase of some metals after each treatment step. [10] reported in their study that the sorption of copper and cadmium ions using activated carbon, waste materials (such as compost, cellulose pulp waste and anaerobic sludge) as sorbent. According to the study the copper being preferentially adsorbed by all materials the exception of anaerobic sludge [11] [12]. [13] presented that reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) technologies for the treatment of wastewater containing copper and cadmium ions to reduce environmental load. The synthetic wastewater samples containing copper and cadmium ions at various concentrations were prepared in the laboratory. The results showed that high
Heavy metal treatment by a new adsorption method from polluted drinking waters
2017
Wastewater containing copper and cadmium can be produced by different types of industries. The average increasing of heavy metal accumulation in the environment has led to new and improved cleaning technologies. In this regard, an innovative heavy metal removal process composed of biosorption was developed [1]. The study of [2] shows the result of heavy metal measurements with ICP-MS. Their conclusions were applied in our study also. They determined the full method of measurements from the injection to the data analyse. The ICP-MS technique is sutibale for the measurement of different heavy metal concentrations in natural water samples [2]. [3] studied heavy metals' and PAH's concentrations in agricultural and urban water samples. They determined the relationship between the heavy metal concentrations and the agricultural produces. The study of [4] covers the comparison of various types of waste biomass including bacteria, yeast fungi and activated sludge for their efficiency in the biosorption, sedimentation and desorption stages in the removal of zinc, copper and nickel ions. Single heavy metal solutions were studied in the biosorption experiments. In point of wiev of biosorption (in case of zinc, copper and nickel) was found the best the next bacterias A. nodosum, S. simosus and F. vesiculosus. Overall, among the biomass tested, A. nodosum, S. simosus, F. vesiculosus and P. chrysogenum were found to have the highest potential for use in the heavy metal removal process [4] [5]. The occurrence and the fate of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni and Fe) during the wastewater treatment process were investigated in wastewater settlement of the city of Thessaloniki (Greece), operating in the activated sludge mode [6]. The wastewater and sludge samples were collected from six different points of the settlement, namely: the influent and the effluent of the primary sedimentation tank, the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank, sludge from the primary sedimentation tank, activated sludge form the recirculation stream. An exponential correlation was found between the metal partition coefficient, logKp, and the suspended solids concentration. The mass balance of heavy metals in the primary, secondary and the whole treatment process showed good closures for metal species [7] [8]. All heavy metals were detectable in the wastewater samples with a frequency of occurrence about 100% and only Pb was detected at lower frequency (90%). [9] reported that the phase distribution of individual metals exhibited only small change during the treatment process with a slight progressive increase of the dissolved phase of some metals after each treatment step. [10] reported in their study that the sorption of copper and cadmium ions using activated carbon, waste materials (such as compost, cellulose pulp waste and anaerobic sludge) as sorbent. According to the study the copper being preferentially adsorbed by all materials the exception of anaerobic sludge [11] [12]. [13] presented that reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) technologies for the treatment of wastewater containing copper and cadmium ions to reduce environmental load. The synthetic wastewater samples containing copper and cadmium ions at various concentrations were prepared in the laboratory. The results showed that high
An Overview of Adsorption Technique for Heavy Metal Removal from Water/Wastewater: A Critical Review
International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences
Heavy metal pollution in the environment and effects on human health is within the most important issues. Because of continuous deterioration of water quality and persisting contamination level it has been observed and concerned by the scientists. Recently, to remove heavy metals from water/wastewater using various methods has been extensively studied. In conventional technologies, heavy metal removal/remediation is provided expensive because of non-regenerable materials used and high costs. Adsorption processes are being widely performed by several researchers for this purpose and various materials have been frequently used as adsorbent. It has been proved that adsorption is an effective method for purification, because of significant advantages including stability, utility, low-cost, ease of operation and performance. As adsorption technology is reduce the heavy metal ions concentrations to very low levels and because of using various low-cost adsorbent materials including biosorbents, clays, activated carbons, zeolites, metal oxides, it has major advantages. Metal adsorption onto adsorbent material, especially on agricultural wastes is a rather complex process because it is controlled by various factors. This process includes complexation, chemisorption, adsorption-complexation on surface and pores, micro precipitation, ion exchange. When used biological materials for adsorption process, some functional groups including sulphydryl, amido, hydroxyl and carboxyl, attach metal ions from water. This paper reviews the available adsorbent materials that have been used to heavy metal removal from water/wastewater and evaluates this technique advantages. Herein, the biosorbents such as banana peel, astragalus, chestnut sheel, natural adsorbents including clay also some artificial materials, like carbon-nanomaterials, zeolites, metal oxides, are reviewed as adsorbent materials for removal of different heavy metal ions like As(V), Pb(II), Cd(II), Cr(VI), Th(IV) and Eu(III) from water/wastewater.
Removal of Metal Ions from Wastewater Using Adsorption Experimental and Theoretical Studies
2009
Henry Ford has rightly said, 'Failure is the opportunity to begin again more intelligently'. These words have kept me going and urged me to outdo myself whenever failures hauled me down. This research work has been a learning journey throughout with its occasional ups and downs, and would have been incomplete without people who have helped me make my way through. All contributions little or large have added immense value and shall be always appreciated. At the onset, this work would have been impossible without my guide, Prof. Suresh Gupta, Associate Professor and Head, Department of Chemical Engineering, BITS, Pilani, Pilani Campus who provided me comprehensive direction, motivation and the much needed enthusiasm to complete my doctoral research work. I shall be indebted to him for his relentless efforts and encouragement that helped me work in spite of difficulties and challenges.
Journal of Environmental Management, 2009
In this study, sugar cane residue or bagasse was used for removal of toxic metal ions from wastewater of an electroplating factory located in northeast Brazil. Prior acid treatment increased the adsorption efficacies in batch wise experiments. The microstructure of the material before and after the treatment was investigated by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Column operations showed that removals of Cu 2þ , Ni 2þ and Zn 2þ from wastewater (in the absence of cyanide) were 95.5%, 96.3.0%, and 97.1%, respectively. Regeneration of the adsorbent obtained in acid indicated that the efficiencies decreased only after the fourth cycle of re-use. Acid-treated sugar cane bagasse can be considered a viable alternative to common methods to remove toxic metal ions from aqueous effluents of electroplating industries.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
Heavy metal intrusion into the water systems is a global environmental problem. Rivers, lakes, and ponds are usually contaminated by direct discharge from industries and these contaminants may leach into groundwater systems via the transport mechanisms. While some of the heavy metals are essential for the metabolic activities of living organisms but their presence in high concentrations in water may be very hazardous. The present study deals with the removal of trace metals including chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) using electrocoagulation and adsorption techniques. The removal of Cr, Cu, and Zn was found to increase with the increase in electrocoagulation time, sodium chloride concentration and applied an electric current. The optimum conditions evaluated were pH around 4, applied electric current 2 A, and 60 min of electrolysis time. This experimental study showed that under the optimal conditions, 87.6% Cr, 100% Cu and 99.2% Zn were successfully removed. The adsorption percentages of these ions by TiO 2 :AC increased sharply by increasing adsorbent dose. The results show that an optimum dose of 5 and 4 g/L of TiO 2 :AC can remove about 97% Cr(VI), 97.45% Cu, and 96% Zn from the wastewater sample containing initially 50 mg/L concentration of each heavy metal. Electrocoagulation and TiO 2 :AC exhibited a high degree of Cr, Cu, and Zn removal and therefore they can be utilized for the treatment of industrial effluents.
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2014
The goal of this research was to develop new processes for the remediation of electroplating wastewater using olive stone as adsorbent material packed in fixed-bed columns. The study was performed with effluents containing chromium (VI), copper (II) and nickel (II) of an electroplating plant. First, we started our research from studying olive stone as an efficient biomaterial capable of removing chromium (VI) of both synthetic and real wastewater. The removal of chromium (VI) took place following two parallel mechanisms: the adsorption of chromium (VI) and the reduction of chromium (VI) to chromium (III) by contact with the biomass, appearing chromium (III) in the aqueous solution. Then, two fixed-bed columns were utilized for removal both chromium (VI) and chromium (III), in the first fixed-bed column, chromium (VI) was successfully removed and in the second column, the chromium (III). Finally, two types of adsorption experiments were selected for simultaneous adsorption of three metals: (1) with a first stage reduction of chromium and only one adsorption fixed-bed column; and (2) without the stage of reduction and two adsorption fixed-bed columns. The results showed that the second method was more suitable for the purposes of wastewater treatment. In the first column, chromium (VI) was completely removed. In the second column, the outlet concentration of heavy metals was 2.04, 1.48 and 0.93 mg/L for total chromium, copper (II), and nickel (II), respectively. This research provides a high efficient new alternative to clean industrial wastewater. (M.A. Martín-Lara), gblazque@ugr.es (G. Bl azquez), mariactrujillo@correo.ugr.es (M.C. Trujillo), aperezm@ugr.es (A. P erez), mcaleroh@ugr.es (M. Calero). 1 Tel.: þ34 958 240445; fax: þ34 958 248992. 2 Tel.: þ34 958 243315; fax: þ34 958 248992. 3 Tel.: þ34 958 244075; fax: þ34 958 248992.