Anatomical variations of the maxillary sinus septa of an Iranian population using cone-beam computed tomography: a retrospective study (original) (raw)
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European Journal of Dentistry, 2019
Objective The purpose of this study was to measure and classify sinus septa variables (prevalence, numbers, heights, locations, orientations, and morphology) and to determine the effects of age, gender, and dental status on the presence of septa and also to evaluate the effects of septa on pathological mucosal thickening. Materials and Methods A total of 2,000 patients were analyzed through conebeam computed tomography (CBCT). The total of 500 maxillary sinuses were included in this study. The number of maxillary sinus septa was determined on axial sections of CBCT images. Their locations, orientations, and morphologies were determined on both the axial and sagittal sections, and their heights were determined only on the sagittal sections. The influence of age, gender, dental status, and pathological mucosal thickening on the presence of septa was statistically analyzed. Mann–Whitney U-test and descriptive statistics were used for statistical analysis. Results The average height of ...
Imaging Science in Dentistry, 2016
Purpose: Sinus elevation procedures have become a routine and reliable way to gain bone volume in the edentulous maxilla for dental implant placement. Presence of bony septations and pathology in the maxillary sinus often cause complications leading to graft or implant failure or both. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the prevalence of pathology, direction of the septa, and sinus width measured at 2 mm, 5 mm, and 10 mm from the sinus floor in maxillary sinuses using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Seventy-two sinuses from 36 random preoperative CBCT scans referred for implant therapy were retrospectively evaluated for the number, prevalence, and direction of bony septations and presence of pathology. Width of the sinus was also measured at 2 mm, 5 mm, and 10 mm from the sinus floor to account for the amount of bone available for implant placement. results: Maxillary sinus septa were found in 59.7%. Presence of a single septum was noted in 20 sinuses (27.7%), followed by two septa in 17 sinuses. The most common direction of the septum was the transverse direction. Retention pseudocyst and mucosal thickening were the most commonly seen abnormality/pathology. conclusion: Based on the high prevalence of septa and sinus pathology in this sample, a preoperative CBCT scan might be helpful in minimizing complications during sinus augmentation procedures for dental implant therapy.
Anatomical characteristics of maxillary sinus septa visualized by cone beam computed tomography
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2019
Proper implant positioning in the posterior region of the edentulous maxilla commonly requires sinus floor elevation. Maxillary sinus septa increase the risk of membrane perforation during sinus floor elevation. The purpose of this retrospective, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based study was to examine the frequency, number, location, and orientation of antral septa in the maxillary sinus. Further, possible associated factors were assessed. Measurements were performed on CBCT scans of 301 patients (602 sinuses). The data were analysed statistically with respect to patient age, sex, and dentition type. One or more septa were detected in 117 patients (38.9%). A total of 188 septa were found in the 602 sinuses (31.2%). Septa were most often coronally oriented (53.2%), followed by sagittal (24.5%) and transverse (22.3%) orientations. Septa were most often found in the region of the first and second molar (37.2%), followed by the posterior region of the third molar (33.0%) and the anterior region of the premolars and canines (29.8%). A significant association was found between edentulism and the presence of septa. For edentulous patients, the septa were most often transversally oriented. Maxillary sinus septa are encountered in every third patient. This may have an influence on the performance of sinus floor elevation.
The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants, 2015
To evaluate the frequency, morphology, and locations of maxillary sinus septa using cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging of the entire maxillary sinus and to analyze factors influencing the presence or absence of septa. CBCT images of the maxilla taken during a 1-year study period (October 1, 2012, to September 30, 2013) were evaluated for the presence and type of septa as well as the health or pathology of the maxillary sinus. Differences in age, gender, type of dentition, septa location, and sinus pathology with regard to the incidence of sinus septa were analyzed statistically. The study included 294 maxillary sinuses in 212 patients (126 women and 86 men) with a mean age of 53.8 years. Sinus septa were present in 141 patients (66.5%) and in 166 of 294 sinuses (56.5%). The most common orientation of the septa was coronal (61.8%), 7.6% were oriented axially, and 3.6% were aligned sagittally. Most septa were located on the floor of the maxillary sinus (58.6%), commonly (60...
Implant Dentistry, 2016
To analyze the anatomical findings and alterations of the maxillary sinus in asymptomatic patients observed by cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study of the anatomical variations and alterations of the maxillary sinus was made in 160 patientsd71 males (44.3%) and 89 females (55.6%), with an age range of 18 to 74 yearsdmeasuring the thickness of the Schneiderian membrane and the cortical thickness of the lower margin of the maxillary sinus (in its most caudal portion), and correlations among the different study variables were assessed. Results: Sinus pneumatization was the most frequent anatomical finding (81.3%). A negative correlation was observed between the thickness of the Schneiderian membrane and the presence of Underwood septa (P , 0.005). Mucosal thickening of more than 2 mm was directly correlated with the presence of maxillary sinus lesions (opacification, discontinuity of the floor of the sinus, polypoid lesions, or air-liquid levels). Conclusion: The presence or absence of septa seems to be related to the thickness of the Schneiderian membrane.
Characteristics of Maxillary Sinus Septa: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation
International Journal of Dentistry
Objective. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence, location, and morphological differences of the septa using CBCT images. Methods. This retrospective study was conducted on CBCT examinations. The sample included both mixed and permanent dentition and edentulous patients. The images were viewed in 3 planes (sagittal, coronal, and axial) and the left and right maxillary sinuses were evaluated for the septa’s prevalence, location, and morphological differences. Results. The measurements were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Out of 200, 122 patients showed one or more bony septa in the maxillary sinus. The septal location and angulation were not limited to a specific area or a specific range. Significant differences between genders were found. Conclusions. The increased surface area of the septa using plane 2-dimensional radiographs is impossible. CBCT has improved the planning of any sinus procedure and offers adequate information compared to conventional radiographs.
Radiographic assessment of findings in the maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography
Stomatologija / issued by public institution "Odontologijos studija" ... [et al.], 2013
OBJECTIVES. To assess the presence of anatomic variations and pathology of the maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the maxilla where pre- implant surgery is planned. MATERIAL AND METHODS. This retrospective study evaluates a sample CBCT scans of 34 dental patients (68 sinuses). CBCT is used to assess maxillary sinus mucosa and outflow and prevalence of septa. The mucosal thickening was measured and the sinus outflow was classified as open or obstructed. RESULTS. Mucosal thickening was found in 48.5%, septa in 20.6% and total opacity in 2.9% of the sinuses. Maxillary sinus outflow was blocked in 26.5% of the scans. Strong association between radiological signs of maxillary sinus ostium blockage and thickened mucosa was observed. CONCLUSIONS. Anatomic variations and lesions of the maxillary sinus were common findings in CBCT examinations of the maxilla required for dental preprosthetic planning. Routine CBCT scans, including maxillary sinus ostium are recomme...
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research, 2018
Background: Complications arising from sinus floor elevation (SFE) with lateral approach surgery can be avoided by means of maxillary sinus examination in the preoperative period. Purpose: To investigate anatomical variations in the maxillary sinus by making use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in terms of SFE with a lateral approach. Materials and Methods: Two hundred twenty eight maxillary sinuses in 114 patients were included. Parameters such as the position and diameter of the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) canal, the frequency and localization of the septa or accessory maxillary ostium (AMO), and lateral wall thickness values were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Septa were observed in 35.1% of sinuses. The majority of septa were determined in the middle region (48.8%). Additionally, 71.1% of PSAA canals were intraosseous, generally exceeding 1 mm in diameter (68.9%). The shortest mean perpendicular distance between the sinus floor and the PSAA canal was determined in the first molar region (9.22 AE 5.66 mm). Similarly, the highest mean sinus lateral wall thickness was determined in the first molar region, in the area 3 mm distant from the sinus floor (2.42 mm AE 0.88 mm). AMO was detected in 40.8% of sinuses. Conclusion: CBCT-guided treatment planning may be beneficial prior to SFE procedures in order to avoid surgical complications.