Onychopapilloma – a rare tumour of the nail apparatus (original) (raw)
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Onychomatricoma: A Rare Tumor of Nail Matrix
Annals of dermatology, 2016
Onychomatricoma is a rare tumor of the nail matrix. Until now, few cases of onychomatricoma have been reported in the literature. Immunohistochemically, CD10, a marker of the onychodermis, is expressed in the stroma of the onychomatricoma. In the present case, a 27-year-old woman presented with an 8-year history of a yellowish, thickened, and overcurved nail plate of the right index finger, mimicking onychomycosis. She had been treated for 4 years with antifungal agents by general physicians, without improvement. The nail was surgically removed, and the tumor at the nail matrix was excised. The nail plate continued to grow in the 2 months after the excision. This is a case of onychomatricoma in South Korea, which was initially misdiagnosed as onychomycosis. In addition, we present a review of the literature regarding clinical, sonographic, and histological features, differential diagnoses, and treatment of onychomatricoma.
Important malignant and new nail tumors
The nail apparatus is an integral part of the functional unit of the digital tip. Although overall uncommon, all cells and tissues occurring in this area can give rise to neo-plastic lesions. Given the special anatomical location, such tumors frequently show morphological and symptom-related differences compared to similar lesions located elsewhere on the skin. Though particularly threatening, there is often a substantial delay in the diagnosis of Bowen's disease, ungual squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Nevertheless, local excision with sufficient surgical margins is usually sufficient and superior to amputation of the distal phalanx. In recent years, a number of nail-specific tumors have been described. Tumors such as onychomatricoma, ony-chocytic matricoma, onychocytic carcinoma, and onychopapilloma originate from the nail matrix. Onycholemmal cysts, onycholemmal horn, and the proliferating onycholemmal tumor are characteristic nail bed tumors. Onycholemmal carcinoma is a slowly growing low-grade malignancy. Using modern diagnostic methods, careful examination – including biopsy and histopathology – of nail changes not responding to conservative treatment will help identify nail-specific neoplasms and prevent the progression of malignant nail tumors.
Skin Appendage Disorders
Introduction: Onycholemmal carcinoma (OC) is a rare subtype of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that originates from the epithelium of the nail bed. It is characterized by distinct histopathologic features including small clusters of atypical squamous epithelium devoid of a granular layer, with abrupt onycholemmal keratinization. Case Presentation: We present a case of a 75-year-old male with right thumbnail onycholysis, yellow-green nail plate discoloration, as well as bleeding and purulence of the lateral nail fold. Histopathologic evaluation revealed high-grade squamous dysplasia, small clusters of severely atypical epithelial cells, and a pattern of abrupt keratinization consistent with the diagnosis of SCC carcinoma with onycholemmal features. GMS and PAS staining indicated concomitant onychomycosis. Pathologic analysis also disclosed residual SCC and concomitant amyloidosis, possibly light chain related and hence reflective of his underlying multi-organ lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma...
Onychomatricoma: A Case Report with 5-year Follow-up
Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgery
The authors present a case of onychomatricoma, a rare benign tumour of the nail matrix, first described by Baran and Kint in 1992. The lesion appeared on the proximal nail fold, covering half the nail of the second left finger. The nail was thickened and yellowish with longitudinal melanonychia. It was surgically removed with very satisfactory aesthetic results even after 5 years. A review on the subject is also presented.
Dermoscopic Features of Onychomatricoma: A Study of 34 Cases
Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland), 2015
Onychomatricoma is a benign tumor of the nail matrix with a precise histopathological definition but many different clinical features and differential diagnoses. The diagnosis of onychomatricoma is based on the pathological examination of a surgical specimen. The objective of this study was to define preoperative diagnostic criteria using noninvasive investigations: observation and dermoscopy. A total of 34 cases of onychomatricoma were studied. In detail, 6 observers evaluated 12 clinical and 12 dermoscopical criteria as present or absent. For clinical criteria, the highest mean values were leuconychia (3.21), splinter hemorrhages (3.45), and thickening of the plate (3.0). Dermoscopical criteria were more often found present, such as longitudinal parallel white lines (4.33), parallel lesion edges (4.61), splinter hemorrhages (4.48), dark dots (3.96), free-edge nail pitting (4.5), and thickening of the free edge (5.27). Dermoscopical criteria for onychomatricoma are more frequently ...
Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail apparatus in the population of Northern Poland
Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii
Introduction: Malignant tumours of the nail apparatus in Caucasian population are rare. Among them melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the most common diagnoses. Non-characteristic clinical feature of nail appa-ratus SCC (NSCC) may mimic various inflammatory and infectious diseases. Tumour is often misdiagnosed what causes delay of the treatment. Aim: Investigation on frequency, clinical and histopathological characteristics of NSCC in a Northern Poland popu-lation. Material and methods: One thousand five hundred and eighty-eight patients with various nail apparatus patholo-gy who were referred to the Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, from 2005 to 2010, were included in the study. Among all these patients 12 cases of nail apparatus maligancy were diagnosed including 4 cases of NSCC. Results: The NSCC was observed in 0.25% of the patients with nail pathology. Tumour affected only men. Mean age came to 58.3 years old. The m...
Giant Onychomatricoma of the Great Toenail: Case Report and Review Focusing on Less Common Variants
Skin Appendage Disorders, 2016
Onychomatricoma is a rare benign fibroepithelial filamentous tumor originating from the nail matrix. It typically presents with the clinical tetrad of xanthonychia, pachyonychia, proximal splinter hemorrhages and increased transverse overcurvature of the nail plate. The giant variant can easily confuse the clinician due to its extensive nail dystrophy that can mask the characteristic features of this tumor. Benign (fibrokeratoma, ungual fibroma, onycholytic matricoma) and malignant entities (Bowen's disease, squamous cell carcinoma, onycholytic carcinoma) are mimics of the disease. Nail surgery can facilitate the diagnosis, which should always be confirmed by histology, as rare variants do exist.