Metal nanowires grown in-situ on polymeric fibers for electronic textiles (original) (raw)
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Metal nanowires grown in situ on polymeric fibres for electronic textiles
Nanoscale advances, 2022
A key aspect of the use of conventional fabrics as smart textiles and wearable electronics is to incorporate a means of electrical conductivity into single polymer fibres. We present the transformation of thin polymer fibres and fabrics into conductive materials by in situ growth of a thin, optically transparent gold-silver nanowire (NW) mesh with a relatively low metal loading directly on the surface of polymer fibres. Demonstrating the method on poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and nylon microfibres, we show that the NW network morphology depends on the diameter of the polymer fibres, where at small diameters (1-2 mm), the NWs form a randomly oriented network, but for diameters above several micrometers, the NWs wrap around the fibres transversally. This phenomenon is associated with the stiffness of the surfactant templates used for the NW formation. The NW-decorated fibres exhibit a significant increase in conductivity. Moreover, single fibres can be stretched up to $15% before losing the electrical conductivity, while non-woven meshes could be stretched by about 25% before losing the conductivity. We believe that the approach demonstrated here can be extended to other polymeric fibres and that these flexible and transparent metal-coated polymer fibres could be useful for various smart electronic textile applications.
Conducting materials as building blocks for electronic textiles
MRS Bulletin
To realize the full gamut of functions that are envisaged for electronic textiles (e-textiles) a range of semiconducting, conducting and electrochemically active materials are needed. This article will discuss how metals, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, and two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene and MXenes, can be used in concert to create e-textile materials, from fibers and yarns to patterned fabrics. Many of the most promising architectures utilize several classes of materials (e.g., elastic fibers composed of a conducting material and a stretchable polymer, or textile devices constructed with conducting polymers or 2D materials and metal electrodes). While an increasing number of materials and devices display a promising degree of wash and wear resistance, sustainability aspects of e-textiles will require greater attention. Graphical abstract
Silver nanowire coated knitted wool fabrics for wearable electronic applications
Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics
This study demonstrates a first example of silver nanowire coated wool fibers for wearable electronic applications. Silver nanowires were synthesized according to the polyol method and then drop casted on knitted wool fabrics. Electronic properties of the knitted samples were investigated under cyclic bending conditions. Conductive fabrics were isolated with a dielectric material and used as capacitance to measure respiration and finger motions. In addition, the same capacitor was employed as a pressure sensor and touch-based sensor for lighting up an LED. This study demonstrates that silver nanowire coated knitted wool fabrics can be used in electronic textiles not only as a flexible electrode but also as a capacitor for different applications.
Fabrication and properties of silver nanowires (AgNWs) functionalized fabric
2020
The tremendous clarification of Fabric-based solicitation structures is hugely suggested for clothing hardware. The nanowire affiliations in which have high conductivity, low resistivity, high adaptability similarly as straightforwardness are developing in the field of electronic completes. The material of knitted fabric surface quickly utilized for passing on a substitute sort of adaptable then extraordinary electro sensor contraptions. Nylon/PU surfaces with silver nanowire (AgNW) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) direct conductive flicks have been proposed as a promising likelihood to supplant particular silver shade of electronic conductivity establishment. This sort of nanostructure has high capacitance and wide electrochemical shallow other than an ideal particle dispersing course in the composed nanowire structure which is wound up being a perfect anode material for world-class supercapacitors. These models of supercapacitors use the high adaptability mind-blowing processabilit...
Scientiric Reports, 2015
Nanocarbon-based conducting fibres have been produced using solution-or dry-spinning techniques. Highly conductive polymer-composite fibres containing large amounts of conducting nanomaterials have not been produced without dispersants, however, because of the severe aggregation of conducting materials in high-concentration colloidal solutions. Here we show that highly conductive (electrical conductivity ,1.5 3 10 5 S m 21 ) polymer-composite fibres containing carbon nanotubes and silver nanowires can be fabricated via a conventional solution-spinning process without any other treatment. Spinning dopes were fabricated by a simple mixing of a polyvinyl alcohol solution in dimethylsulfoxide with a paste of long multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in organic solvents, assisted by quadruple hydrogen-bonding networks and an aqueous silver nanowire dispersion. The high electrical conductivity of the fibre was achieved by rearrangement of silver nanowires towards the fibre skin during coagulation because of the selective favourable interaction between the silver nanowires and coagulation solvents. The prepared conducting fibres provide applications in electronic textiles such as a textile interconnector of light emitting diodes, flexible textile heaters, and touch gloves for capacitive touch sensors.
Wearable electronics used in smart clothing for healthcare monitoring or personalized identification is a new and fast-growing research topic. The challenge is that the electronics has to be simultaneously highly stretchable, mechanically robust and water-washable, which is unreachable for traditional electronics or previously reported stretchable electronics. Herein we report the wearable electronics of sliver nanowire (Ag-NW)/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) nanocomposite which can meet the above multiple requirements. The electronics of Ag-NW/PDMS nanocomposite films is successfully fabricated by an original pre-straining and post-embedding (PSPE) process. The composite film shows a very high conductivity of 1.52 × 10 4 S cm −1 and an excellent electrical stability with a small resistance fluctuation under a large stretching strain. Meanwhile, it shows a robust adhesion between the Ag-NWs and the PDMS substrate and can be directly machine-washed. These advantages make it a competitive candidate as wearable electronics for smart clothing applications.
Electrically Conductive Monofilaments for Smart Textiles
Advances in Science and Technology, 2008
The main objective of this work is to develop conductive yarns to be used as electrical wiring in e-textiles with the typical mechanical properties of a textile yarn. Present work deals with the study of conductive polymer composites filaments of PP (polypropylene) with CB (carbon black), carbon black of high conductivity (CBHC) and CF (carbon fibers) .The novelty of this work resides in creating oriented filaments using traditional fiber processing techniques together with a specially designed drafting machine. In the authors' opinion, the composite conductivity could be improved with the orientation of the (nano)carbon-based fillers by melt drawing after extrusion in order to facilitate the flow channels creation.
Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2018
Conducting fibres and yarns promise to become an essential part of the next generation of wearable electronics that seamlessly integrate electronic function into one of the most versatile and most widely used form of materials: textiles. This review explores the many types of conducting fibres and yarns that can be realised with conjugated polymers and carbon materials, including carbon black, carbon nanotubes and graphene. We discuss how the interplay of materials properties and the chosen processing technique lead to fibres with a wide range of electrical and mechanical properties. Depending on the choice of conjugated polymer, carbon nanotube, graphene, polymer blend, or nanocomposite the electrical conductivity can vary from less than 10 −3 to more than 10 3 S cm −1 , accompanied by an increase in Young's modulus from 10 s of MPa to 100 s of GPa. Further, we discuss how conducting fibres can be integrated into electronic textiles (e-textiles) through e.g. weaving and knitting. Then, we provide an overview of some of the envisaged functionalities, such as sensing, data processing and storage, as well as energy harvesting e.g. by using the piezoelectric, thermoelectric, triboelectric or photovoltaic effect. Finally, we critically discuss sustainability aspects such as the supply of materials, their toxicity, the embodied energy of fibre and textile production and recyclability, which currently are not adequately considered but must be taken into account to ready carbon based conducting fibres for truly practical e-textile applications.
Design and development of wearable sensing nanomaterials for smart textiles
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018
Recently, textiles have been entering in a next-generation of materials able to interact with their surroundings, through the incorporation of electronic devices with various functionalities for the human body, such as batteries, displays, sensors. In these aspects, smart textiles seem to be a highly suitable possibility, due to the advantages of textiles, nanotechnology and electronics. In fact, textiles usually show strength and hardness but also ductility and flexibility, so that they can be easily manipulated and adapted to a wide range of end-use requirements. Moreover, nanotechnology exhibits significantly improved physical and chemical functionalities and properties due to their nanoscaled size. Furthermore, miniaturized circuits result to be extremely low-power with respect to other commercial solutions and they are thus suitable for portable applications. These systems, comprising small physiological sensors, transmission modules and processing capabilities, can turn out useful for real-time health status monitoring. In this paper, the recently reported and significantly developed smart textiles are summarized, including their enhanced optoelectronic al and conductivity properties.