Moderating Effect of Self-Efficacy in the Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitude and Environment Behavior of Cybersecurity Awareness (original) (raw)

Perceptions on self-efficacy of students studying at secondary education in the TRNC on Internet security

Revista de Educación a Distancia (RED), 2017

This study has been undertaken to determine perceptions on self-efficacy of high school students in relation to internet usage. In this quantitative study, the sample consisted of 880 high school students studying in 30 high schools located within the borders of TRNC. General Survey method as a type of descriptive research method is used for this research. In accordance with the sample of this research, participants' self-efficacy perceptions on safe internet usage were examined in 4 dimensions. The first dimension of the research participants' self-efficacy on "Social Network (social media) Safety" is examined. According to statements and responses to the questionnaires, it has been determined that they are fully sufficient in "Social Network (social media) Safety"; whereas in the second and third dimensions of the research which are "Malicious Software" and "Web Safety and Social Engineering" the participants' sufficiency is found to be at a moderate level. In the last dimension of the research covering "Computer Safety" students found to have sufficient levels. As a result, students are found to have adequate security in the Social Networks they regularly use, whereas they are moderately competent in Web Security and Social Engineering. Main reason of this outcome is the fact that the students do not use the internet in full consciousness and correctly, thus the students should receive training on these matters.

Cybersecurity Awareness among Secondary School Students Post Covid-19 Pandemic

Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly transformed the landscape of education delivery, leading to a surge in online teaching and learning methods, and consequently, increased Internet usage among students. These circumstances have created an environment that makes them vulnerable to cybercrime due to the lack of cybersecurity awareness. This paper proposes a cyber-awareness program aimed at increasing students' knowledge of cybersecurity and their ability to manage the risk of cyber threats. The methodology consists of four phases: Initiation and Planning, Development of Modules, Implementation, and Evaluation. The results of descriptive and statistical analyses show an increase in participants' awareness of cyber security threats and risks following their participation in the program. In conclusion, this program has successfully achieved its objectives of enhancing cyber security awareness and promoting safe internet usage among participants. These findings suggest that similar programs can be utilized to increase cybersecurity awareness and promote safe internet usage among students.

A Decade of Dividedness: A Preregistered Systematic Review of the Cybersecurity Self-Efficacy Methods

Recent challenges in IT security and privacy have heightened interest in cybersecurity Self-Efficacy (SE) as means to influence security-related behaviors. Based on diverging definitions and underlying theories, research methods vary considerably in the field of cybersecurity SE. This may hinder building a replicable evidence base that serves practitioners to effectively foster cybersecurity SE. We report a preregistered systematic literature review investigating (a) instruments constructed to measure cybersecurity SE, (b) proposed roles of self-efficacy, and (c) methods utilized for manipulative interventions. In addition, special emphasis is placed on smart home research to explore the relevant boundaries of the cybersecurity SE literature in terms of IT context-dependent research methods. The final sample included 174 empirical studies from 18 databases with a combined sample size of 55,758 subjects that were published in English between 2010 and 2021 and measured cybersecurity S...

University Students’ Self-Efficacy in the Safe Use of the Internet

2017

The use of the Internet is increasing day by day by people, especially among the students, and most of the time this affects the students negatively. Hence, this research is aimed to investigate university students’ self-efficacy in the safe use of the Internet. Research based model and scale was used in the study where data were collected from 709 randomly chosen volunteered students. A scale was used to collect data in the study. The scale consisted of four dimensions with 35 items: Social networking sites, malicious software, web security and social engineering, and computer security. Descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, one-way ANOVA and independent t-test were used to analyze the collected data. After statistical analysis of the collected data, the disheartened result was found that university students’ self-efficacy in the safe use of the Internet is not enough to protect themselves from harmful aspects of the Internet. There were also significant differences found i...

Students’ Cybersecurity Awareness at a Private Tertiary Educational Institution

The African Journal of Information and Communication, 2017

Internet-based attacks have become prevalent and are expected to increase as technology ubiquity increases. Consequently, cybersecurity has emerged as an essential concept in everyday life. Cybersecurity awareness (CSA) is a key defence in the protection of people and systems. The research presented in this article aimed to assess the levels of CSA among students at a private tertiary education institution in South Africa. A questionnaire tested students in terms of four variables: cybersecurity knowledge; self-perception of cybersecurity skills, actual cybersecurity skills and behaviour; and cybersecurity attitudes. The responses revealed several misalignments, including instances of "cognitive dissonance" between variables, which make the students potentially vulnerable to cyber-attacks. The findings demonstrate the need for targeted CSA campaigns that address the specific weaknesses of particular populations of users.

Determination of cyber security ensuring behaviours of pre-service teachers

Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences

As cyber security attack rates increase, so do cyber security concerns. Cyber security is the collection of tools, policies, security concepts, security measures, risk management approaches, actions, education, applications, security and technologies that can be used in order to protect the cyber environment and user rights. The aim of this study is to determine the behaviours of pre-service teachers as this study's objective is to determine the behaviours of pre-service teachers regarding cyber security. This study is designed according to the quantitative research method and the Personal Cyber Security Ensuring Scale has been used. 144 pre-service teachers of two different universities who took up instructional technologies and material design courses in the 2019-2020 spring semester participated in the study. It has been observed that the participants frequently took measures when they noticed unreliable people and situations in the internet environment but took occasional measures in terms of not leaving any trace, taking precautions and protecting personal privacy.

Scale for the Self-Efficacy and Perceptions in the Safe Use of the Internet for Teachers

PsycTESTS Dataset, 2016

There has been an increase in the vulnerability in Internet security, and the unconscious usage of the Internet is a very important issue throughout the world as it is in Cyprus today. The best way to solve such an issue would be to make people aware of this situation. Based on this idea, teachers should firstly be trained to use the Internet in a safe and conscious manner so to be able to aid their students and the student's parents in the correct and safe usage of the Internet. The aim of this study is to determine teachers' self-efficacy and perceptions in safer use of the Internet so to be able to identify and develop a multidimensional tool, which is both valid and reliable, and can be therefore used in other scientific studies as well. Through a confirmatory factor analysis, the "Scale for the Self-Efficacy and Perceptions in the Safe Use of the Internet for Teachers" was validated in four dimensions: "Security in Social Networking Sites," "Malicious Software," "Web Security & Social Engineering" and "Computer Security," The scale developed has the characteristics of being the first of its kind in a developing country such as Cyprus. According to the results of the study, the scale in terms of validity and reliability was found to be appropriate in all aspects of the necessary criteria. As a result, the developed scale could help or be used by teachers, in Cyprus and in other countries, to be able to access the Internet safely and aid them in other scientific areas of study in determining teachers' self-efficacy.

The scale for the self-efficacy and perceptions in the safe use of the Internet for teachers: The validity and reliability studies

British Journal of Educational Technology, 2014

There has been an increase in the vulnerability in Internet security, and the unconscious usage of the Internet is a very important issue throughout the world as it is in Cyprus today. The best way to solve such an issue would be to make people aware of this situation. Based on this idea, teachers should firstly be trained to use the Internet in a safe and conscious manner so to be able to aid their students and the student's parents in the correct and safe usage of the Internet. The aim of this study is to determine teachers' self-efficacy and perceptions in safer use of the Internet so to be able to identify and develop a multidimensional tool, which is both valid and reliable, and can be therefore used in other scientific studies as well. Through a confirmatory factor analysis, the "Scale for the Self-Efficacy and Perceptions in the Safe Use of the Internet for Teachers" was validated in four dimensions: "Security in Social Networking Sites," "Malicious Software," "Web Security & Social Engineering" and "Computer Security," The scale developed has the characteristics of being the first of its kind in a developing country such as Cyprus. According to the results of the study, the scale in terms of validity and reliability was found to be appropriate in all aspects of the necessary criteria. As a result, the developed scale could help or be used by teachers, in Cyprus and in other countries, to be able to access the Internet safely and aid them in other scientific areas of study in determining teachers' self-efficacy.

A Study on Cybersecurity Awareness Among Students in Yobe: A Quantitative Approach

Research Trend, 2020

The emergence of the internet and also the use of various online applications and the exposure to the social platforms that are evolving day by day have positioned students to online risk. Online fraud, cyber-bully, phishing are among those risks students are exposed to in their daily activities. To find a solution to that, cybersecurity awareness can prepare them to protect themself against such risk. This research aims to investigate the students' awareness of basic knowledge of cybersecurity. A quantitative approach was used for data collection using a set of designed questionnaires, this method was used to investigate the students' cybersecurity knowledge and observe their behavior toward using the internet, from the survey a total of 201 Computer Science students in the Department of Computer Science at Yobe State University, Nigeria participated in the study. The research has encountered moderate responses from the students as all universities are close at this period due to the COVID 19 pandemic, only students living in urban were able to reach out in the study. The result obtained from the experiment were analyzed and it shows the University students' cybersecurity awareness is at a satisfactory level and more than average of the students are not well aware of how to protect their data. The research contribution is, there is no active cybersecurity awareness program in place, and also females' students are more likely to be the victim of cyber-attack. Besides that, the survey alsoindicated a high enthusiasm for students to learn more about cybersecurity.

Self-efficacy in information security: Its influence on end users' information security practice behavior

Computers & Security, 2009

Social cognitive theory User behavior a b s t r a c t The ultimate success of information security depends on appropriate information security practice behaviors by the end users. Based on social cognitive theory, this study models and tests relationships among self-efficacy in information security, security practice behavior and motivation to strengthen security efforts. This study also explores antecedents to individuals' self-efficacy beliefs in information security. Results provide support for the many hypothesized relationships. This study provides an initial step toward understanding of the applicability of social cognitive theory in a new domain of information security. The results suggest that simply listing what not to do and penalties associated with a wrong doing in the users' information security policy alone will have a limited impact on effective implementation of security measures. The findings may help information security professionals design security awareness programs that more effectively increase the self-efficacy in information security.