Physiological Workload and Health Hazards of Tribal Women of Meghalaya Involved in Weeding Operation (original) (raw)
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Physiological Problems Faced by Tribal Farm Women in Performing the Selected Farming Activities
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology
Agriculture is the basic livelihood provider for most of the world’s population. Most of the people use traditional farming tools in their farming. Because traditional tools are heavy in weight, they face different types of physiological health problems. In this paper we discussed the physiological problems faced by tribal farm women in performing the selected farming activities that were carried out in the Majuli district of Assam. From the selected district, one subdivision and from one subdivision, one block was selected. From the selected block, three villages were selected randomly. One hundred (100) respondents were selected randomly from each of the villages. Data collection was done using an interview cum questionnaire. A total of 300 tribal farm women were selected who were engaged in farming activities for the present study. The study revealed that the majority of the tribal farm women (85.00%) faced headaches in doing different farming activities. The data also stated tha...
Gender Analysis of Potato Cultivation in Meghalaya
Potato Journal, 2007
Women play an important role in agriculture in the state of Meghalaya. The existing matrilineal and matriarchal social system in the tribal communities of the state makes the role of women in agriculture more prominent. About 72% of the total female workers in the state are engaged in agriculture as cultivators and labourers as against 61% of male workers. In addition, about 46% of the cultivators in the state are women, while the corresponding national figure is only 32% (1). The present study was conducted to empirically examine the participation of either ABSTRACT : The study was conducted in East and West Khasi Hills districts of Meghalaya. Using structured interview schedule data from 200 farm women randomly sampled from 14 selected villages were collected. The study showed that in cultivation of potato crop, weeding and earthing up (reported by 83% respondents), application of FYM (53%), chemical fertilizers (51%), harvesting (66%), and sorting and grading (52%) of potatoes we...
Physiological Workload of Women Agricultural Labourers in Selected Activities in Maize Cultivation
Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A, 2015
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PHYSIOLOGICAL STRAIN AMONG WOMEN POTATO CULTIVATORS IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA
The present study was aimed to evaluate physiological strain among women cultivators engaged in potato cultivation. The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 150 women participants in different districts of West Bengal State, India. The physiological strain was evaluated by working heart rate, blood lactate and oxygen consumption. The average working heart rate was 109.97±9.94 beats/min when all tasks were considered together. According to the working heart rate, oxygen consumption and energy cost, the potato cultivation job was categorized as a moderate work category. Whereas, according to cardiovascular stress index (CSI), all tasks of potato cultivation were categorized into a stressful category. The more experienced workers were more productive than their less experienced counterparts, and this increased productivity appeared to be a combination of greater efficiency and greater physical exertion. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses revealed that work pace and work experience had significant association with all the indices of physiological strain. Work pace had strongest significant impact on these indices even after controlling the effect of age, work experience and efficiency. It was concluded that during performing potato cultivation tasks the workers had a great extent of physiological strain.
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Agriculture is the oldest and most dangerous occupation as compared to other occupations. Agriculture is the major national economic contributor for under-developed nations such as India, Brazil, and South Korea. It was estimated that nearly half of the world labor force involved in agricultural activities. An attempt was undertaken to assess the environmental parameters and occupational health hazards in the view point of environmental conditions in post harvest activities. Three blocks were selected randomly from Jorhat sub-division. Two villages from each block were selected randomly and there by all together six villages and 300 farm women were selected proportionately. Both interview and experimental method was considered for collection of data. Personal and demographic characteristics of the respondents showed that 82 per cent belonged to marginal farmers having 1 acre of land. As regards to age of the respondents, 88 per cent falls in the age group of 30-40 years. The mean te...
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS AND THEIR CAUSES AMONG WOMEN IN INDIAN AGRICULTURE.
Women?s contribution to agriculture, whether it is in subsistence farming or commercial agriculture, when measured in number of tasks performed and time spent, is greater than men. The proportion of women in agricultural production and postharvest activities ranges from 20 to 70% and their involvement is increasing in many developing countries, particularly with the development of export-oriented irrigated farming, which is associated with a growing demand for female labour, including migrant workers. Generally, operations performed by men are those that entail use of machinery and animals. Contrary to this, women always rely on manual labour using only their own energy. Not only are women overworked, their work is more arduous than that undertaken by men. Further, since women?s work is largely based on human energy it is considered unskilled and hence less productive. On this basis, women are invariably paid less wage despite their working harder and for longer hours.
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The silk industry plays an important part in Textile Industry and Export and has a particular position in India. As manufacturer of silk in the region of the world where India got the 2 nd largest position with 19690MT and also the largest user of silk in the world (Syed Yaseen 2013). Mulberry, Eri, Tussar and Muga are the four known varieties of silk which are produced in India (Savithri, et al., 2013) where Mulberry is largest practiced in the country and Mulberry silk production gives almost 80% for entire silk production. Meghalaya is one of the eight states of NorthEast India where sericulture is a major cottage based eco friendly industry in rural areas of East Garo Hills. Rural hilly tribal women are the most dominant part of these industries and they are doing almost all the activities of sericulture from rearing of worms to reeling.
Harvesting of Bajra (Pearl millet) Cobs by Farm Women of Haryana - An Ergonomic Study
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In rain fed areas of Haryana, farmers do harvesting of bajra (pearl millet) by cutting its ear heads first from standing crop, followed by cutting of remaining plant later being used as animal fodder for longer duration. These cobs are then collected in a bag hanging on their shoulders and back that causes undue stress on the worker. This activity is primarily performed by farm women which is one of the tedious activities where she adopts unnatural body postures. Field experiment was conducted for 30 minutes on a sample of 30 farm women respondents. On an average, 24 kg of bajra cobs were cut observing average working heart rate of 118 bpm over the resting heart rate (80 bpm) consuming 10 kJ/min of energy and assessing 58 bpm as physiological cost of work. There was 47.5% increase in physiological stress on the women making the bajra cobs cutting a moderately heavy activity. Women reported maximum discomfort at fingers, shoulder joints, upper back, mid back and upper arms. There is ...