A Critical Comparison of the Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theory (original) (raw)
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Personality is basically the behaviors that is demonstrated around other people, it contains individual characteristics and distinctive behaviors (Morgan, 2013). There is a pattern in individual's genuine reactions and attitudes and Personality Psychology deals with these patterns that makes people unique (Köroğlu & Bayraktar, 2011). The main theories of Personal Psychology is psychodynamic approach, phenomenological approach, trait approaches, behavioral approaches, social cognitive approach and structural approach (Cervone & Pervine, 2016). In this comparison classical psychoanalysis, namely psychodynamic approach, and individual psychology will be evaluated. 1. Classical Theory of Psychoanalysis Before Freud, it is believed that the reasons for behavioral disorders were of heredity and neural. He presented the psychodynamic theory and introduced the topographical model of mind and the regards towards human changed since. In topographical model, there are three levels of consciousness: conscious, preconscious and unconscious. Conscious is a regulating center which contains the internal sensations of the body and the sensations from the physical environment. Emotions, thoughts, causations, time, location and associations are constituted by reality. Preconscious is like a place where the memories and stored knowledge is hidden and retrievable by associations but do not present in conscience at that time (Altıntaş & Güntekin, 2005). Unconscious is a psychedelic vortex where repressed desires, inner beliefs, thoughts and wishes are blended in an abstract expressionist picture. The repressed materials are not easily accessible. Psychic energy is another important notion posed by Freud that serves to biological and psychological mechanisms of humans which operates the three system of personality: Id, ego, superego (Ersevim, 2000). Id is the basis of personality which serves to discharge immediately the sensational stimulations
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Chapter 05 Psychodynamic Theory 5.1 Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory Many psychologists have proposed theories that try to explain the origins of personality. One highly influential set of theories stems from the work of Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud, who first proposed the theory of psychoanalysis. Collectively, these theories are known as psychodynamic theories. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, Freud developed a technique, he termed psychoanalysis and used it to treat mental disorders. Freud did not develop his theory on the basis of scientific experiments, such as correlation and controlled studies. He used the case study method and formed his theory of psychoanalysis by observing his patients. According to psychoanalytic theory, everything we do is motivated by inner unconscious forces. Personalities arise because of attempts to resolve conflicts between unconscious sexual and aggressive impulses and societal demands to restrain these impulses.
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0 Introduction Through this assignment paper I am trying to make a journey through my personality with an aim to unravel the implications of these personality theories in my life. In this study, personality theories are divided into four approaches such as Psychodynamic Theories, Behaviouristic Theories, Cognitive Social Learning Theories and Humanistic Theories. Here I am going through main theories of these four approaches and their find out their implication in my personality. This study is with an aim to correct my personality if there is any defects and to accept myself if there any defects with cannot be overthrown. I begin this study with brief history if my life.