Higher Education System in India: Are We Heading towards Right Direction? (original) (raw)
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INDIA'S HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM
India’s distinctiveness rests on its great foundations, which were built by her ancient sages who relentlessly sought after the highest integral knowledge and perfection. It is as a result of this that India’s culture has sustained even through periods of decline since antiquity. Our culture has always stood for universality and common fraternity of the entire human race, and our aspirations are reflected in the educational field which is based on the highest ideals of universal peace, unity and harmony. We maintain that education is a liberating force as also an evolutionary force. Education is a dialogue between the past, present and the future, so that coming generations receive the accumulated lessons of the heritage and carry it forward. Contemporary problems of environment, universal peace and international co-operation have added new dimensions and it becomes imperative for us to promote through education harmonious relationship between the individual, environment and cosmos. Despite serious handicaps of means and resources, the country has built up during the last 60 years a very large system of education and has created a vast body of men and women equipped with a high order of scientific and technological abilities, robust humanist and philosophical thought and creativity. India has been able to construct one of the largest systems of higher education in the world and we aim to equip our young people so as to enable them to shoulder their responsibilities both as Indians and as citizens of the world.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIA: CHALLENGES AND INTERVENTIONS
Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, 2023
The world has witnessed the dynamic changes in the society of every country in these modern and postmodern eras. This rapid change in the society is due to the spread of education in almost every corner of the world. The country may be develop or developing but the progress of any nation is highly dependent on the quality of education it is providing to its citizen. The education system of India started from the ancient era and it has witnessed many changes in the education system of the nation. Today India stand as the third largest in the world in terms of Higher Education system. The Indian Higher Education system took long journey to arrive to the present status. India overcome many challenges to provide quality higher education to the deserving citizen of the country. The role of education is very vital for the prosperous development of the nation. Therefore, the government of India is al trying its level best to make the education fulfilled the social needs of the nation. The nation has introduced National Education Policy 2020, which outlines the vision of new education system in India. The India as a country has huge potential to emerge as develop nation with strong political wills backed by visionary education system.
CURRENT SCENARIO OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIA
IJMER, 2020
Acquiring knowledge, experience, skill and attitude on the part of a child or an adult depends solely on education. Education is a scientific process through which one systematically achieves the desired traits.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIA: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
PREFACE: Education in all its forms and at all levels is the single most potent instruments of social, economic, political and cultural transformation. Education in general and higher education in particular are fundamental to the construction of a knowledge based society. It is the skill of learning which the greatest hope of human race. Education provides ample opportunities to develop skills in addition to the knowledge it creates. Higher education is all about a process of transformation of students from raw material to polished youth capable of meeting the challenges in their carriers and life. The quality of life is being immensely affected by the quality of higher education. A nation with massive size of higher education and aspiring to compete with the world can not ignore the challenges its system is facing. The concern of quality in higher education commenced in the eighties as mentioned by Powar and Panda(1995) over the years this concern has been demanding more attention as our graduates are not getting enough returns of their investments. Higher education in India has an ancient tradition. The earliest known University was in Takshashila in 7th Century B.C. that had scholars not only from India but also from all over the world. Everybody knows about Nalanda University and it's most famous foreign student Huan Tsuang of China. Present system of higher education was actually introduced by the British in the year 1857, when universities of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras were established. The government of the newly independent India recognize the importance of higher education and in spite of many problems it appointed several commission and
HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIA: NEED OF REFORMS
India has emerged as a global leader and a strong nation. Education is the key to the task of nation building as well as to provide requisite knowledge and skills required for sustained growth of the economy and to ensure overall progress. According to the Census Data 2011, India is overpopulated with a population of 121,01,93,422 which means India today is a powerhouse of talent of 121,01,93,422 plus. In order to convert the population from a challenge to an opportunity, the area that requires immediate attention is education and training. An academic revolution has taken place in higher education particularly in the past half century marked by a paradigm shift in scope and opportunity. Over the years higher education system has become an enterprise having much of business orientation with all its exposure to fierce competition at different levels of stakeholders. Indian education system considered as one of the largest of its kind in the world also faces/encounters enormous challenges in the new millennium. These challenges are diversified and manifold stretching from contemporary curriculum development, quality assurance and accreditation and ethical value propositions to policy planning and governance. In a technology driven society knowledge rewrites the fate of a nation and so does higher education. One of the major reasons for India’s performance for being not that encouraging was due to suboptimal investment on higher education in the recent past. With unprecedented growth of knowledge typically in the area of information and communication followed by globalization shrinking the world into a global village, competitiveness has become a decisive force of growth. This necessitates massive investment on higher education so that availability of internationally acceptable highly skilled manpower can be ensured. But, this drive for internationalization of higher education is a highly ticklish and delicate move and should not be accomplished at the cost of identity of the nation as rightly quoted “Internationalisation of higher education is one of the ways a country responds to the impact of globalization yet, at the same time respects the individuality of the nation (Knight and Dewitt, 1997)”. As a part of India’s integration into the world economy the role played by potential foreign participants need a special mention. The impact of potential entrants on Indian higher education system can be felt in most of the functional areas like access, equity and quality. Moreover, in view of the inherent lapses in the regulatory structure of the system, unregulated foreign participation may lead to unfair and exploitative practices; to mention a few high capitation fees, misrepresentation of courses and corruption in admission process which may further accentuate the functional and ideological differences. Thus, in order to ensure excellence and reasonable match between demand for and supply of globally acceptable labour, striking balance has to be restored between accessibility to world-class educational system and model exemplifying national value ethics and standards.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIA-ISSUES AND CHALLENGES ISBN BOOK
Education in all its forms and at all levels is the single most potent instruments of social, economic, political and cultural transformation. Education in general and higher education in particular are fundamental to the construction of a knowledge based society. It is the skill of learning which the greatest hope of human race. Education provides ample opportunities to develop skills in addition to the knowledge it creates. Higher education is all about a process of transformation of students from raw material to polished youth capable of meeting the challenges in their carriers and life. The quality of life is being immensely affected by the quality of higher education. A nation with massive size of higher education and aspiring to compete with the world can not ignore the challenges its system is facing. The concern of quality in higher education commenced in the eighties as mentioned by Powar and Panda(1995) over the years this concern has been demanding more attention as our graduates are not getting enough returns of their investments.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIA: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
In India, the higher education scene has swiftly evolved, especially in the past two decades. This rapid progress has been primarily attributed to the various initiatives, undertaken by the private sector. However, these advancements have also been a matter of concern, regarding their standard and exploitation. The government has been repeatedly contradictory and inconsistent, in defining the role of private sector in higher education. Such an approach has resulted in chaotic and unplanned growth. The attempts to uphold standards and check exploitation, by the regulatory bodies have proved futile. Nevertheless, the system is responsible for the numerous formidable entry barriers, which have resulted in underside results. Private players in the education sector are reluctant to undergo voluntary accreditation, and are therefore, pointless for its stakeholders. Since independence, the higher education system in India has escalated new heights. [1] By 1980 itself, the number of universities and colleges in the country grew to 132 and 4738, respectively. These institutions catered to around five percent of the eligible age group population. Today, it has grown by leaps and bounds. In terms of enrollment alone, India ranks third in the world (after China and the USA). India ranks first, with regard to the number of institutions, with 348 universities and 17625 colleges. The types of universities and colleges catering to higher education, vary with the country. The variation may be academic, administrative or financial. Universities are permitted under an Act of Parliament (central universities), or by the state legislatures (state universities). In addition, a few higher education institutions are granted the 'deemed university' status, by the central government, through gazette notifications. The Parliament/state legislatures may also designate certain institutions, as having national importance. However, all these institutes of higher learning are permitted to grant degrees. The higher education system in India, has developed in a chaotic and unplanned manner. The drive to make higher education, socially inclusive has led to a sudden and dramatic increase, in numbers of institutions without a proportionate increase in material and intellectual resources. This has resulted in a drop in academic standards. In addition, there is an inadequacy with regard to infrastructure and facilities. Higher education institutions, have large vacancies in faculty positions, employ poor faculty and use outmoded teaching methods. This has resulted in declining research standards, unmotivated students, overcrowded classrooms and widespread geographic, income, gender and ethnic divides. Most institutions do not receive financial support, from either the government or the society. This is more, so among colleges established in rural areas, as they are non-viable, are under–enrolled, have poor infrastructure and facilities and employ only a few teachers. The system of higher education has met further impediments within its regulatory framework. The much debated and controversial move of privatization of higher educational institutions, has also been a stumbling block to its flourishment. These fundamental concerns are identified and addressed in the paper.
Higher Education in India: Opportunities, Challenges & Solutions
Shodh Sari- An International Multidisciplinary Journal, 2023
Education is fundamental for achieving full human potential, developing an equitable and just society, and promoting national development. Providing universal access to quality education Is the key to India's continued ascent, and leadership on the global stage in terms of economic growth, social justice and equality, scientific advancement, national integration, and cultural preservation. Universal high-quality education is the best way forward for developing and maximizing our country's rich talents and resources for the good of the individual, the society, the country, and the world. India will have the highest population of young people in the world over the next decade, and our ability to provide high-quality educational opportunities to them will determine the future of our country. The aim must be for India to have an education system by 2040 that is second to none, with equitable access to the highest-quality education for all learners regardless of social or economic background.
The post-colonial era in India witnessed a radical change in the field of education, especially in the higher education system. In the last two decades, the inclusive concern of the central government towards higher education resulted in the form of various central universities all over India. But only the infrastructural appearance of large and splendid buildings is not enough for the acute and coherent educational system. The qualities of education, the academic culture that promotes productivity, the true cognizance of the fertile brains and the exploration of the youth within their moribund social phenomena, where they are getting exacerbated, are some of the key issues which are still in negligence as they are kept in the ethical category. But, in fact, these issues coalesce into some recondite situations which divert the universities and other higher institutions from their real goals.Undoubtedly, now students from villages and remote areas are also aware of getting higher education but the question is – Are they really getting education as it should be or are they just being served a coagulated form of study in the lack of donnish faculties? The answers of these questions, indeed, denounce the true spirit of higher education. This paper also includes some retrospective concerns towards higher education and some of the upcoming ones. Perhaps, these concerns will sort out the restrains, the higher education system is facing now a days. Key Words: Academic Culture, implicit indentation, Efficient Faculty, Good Governance, NPE.
Review on Higher Education in India
2020
Education is the strength of a country and country also recognized that their educational systems specifically influence the economic success of the nations. It is natural that a developed nation is a trained community. Next to the India's education network is the asia's fifth biggest after the U.S. and china. India, as a developing nation, has been making controversial progress in the field of education since independence. While India's higher education system has faced many obstacles, Such issues are also solved extensively and the education system can be created. Further openness and responsibility, the role of schools and institutions in the new century are important, as are ongoing science studies into how kids understand. India needs highly talented and well trained people who will be able to develop our economy. India thus provides highly qualified candidates to other nations; it is very convenient for India to move our nation from developing nations to advanced c...