Radicalism in The Perspective of Islamic Populism: Trajectory of Political Islam in Indonesia (original) (raw)
Related papers
TRACES RADICALISM IN INDONESIA WITHIN GLOBAL POPULISM PERSPECTIVE
The symptoms of 'radicalism-fundamentalism' occur in all religions, and what happens in one religion triggers the same phenomenon in another. The level of intensity and power-damaged radicalism-fundamentalism in one religion is certainly different from what happened in other religions.
Radicalism Vs Extremism: The Dilemma of Islam And Politics In Indonesia
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 2021
Despite its adherence to the principles of democracy, Indonesia is currently trapped in conditions and situations over the emergence of a new government system based on Islam. The notion of extremism dominates society, both the general public and the political elite, and has even infiltrated the youth via the education system. Community mobilization movements in the name of religion in the political sphere indicate that extremism has spread and is gaining strength. The main focus of this research is to make a clearer distinction between radicalism and extremism from both a political and religious perspective. To answer this problem, this paper clarifies the meaning of the terms "extreme" and "radical" in the context of religious politics from the point of view of democracy and distinguishes the signs for the two dimensions of extremism and radicalism. Not only that, in this study there are also explanations related to religious phenomena which basically have an indirect relationship with politics and extremism. This study approach uses a qualitative method taken from the study of Borum and Schmid. It argues that the difference between extremism and radicalism rests on the existence of an ideology. Radicalism is a form of process in which there is agreement or disagreement on violence in tactical and temporal considerations, while the concept of extremism is considered a motive.
The Radical Islamic Movement in Indonesia: Roots and Factors
KALAM, 2019
Radicalism has become one of the recent world problems faced by many countries, including Indonesia. The radical movement in this country is growing rapidly, especially after the reformation era. The spirit of democracy has provided opportunities for radical Islamic groups to express their beliefs openly and use religious symbols in their religious and social movements. This article aims to analyze the historical roots of radicalism in Indonesia and the factors that influence it. This article uses descriptive qualitative methods. The results of the study indicate that the radical movement in Indonesia can be traced from the tendency of groups trying to realize the Islamic State system (the khilafah) in Indonesia. This tendency can be found in several radical groups such as Darul Islam (DI/TII), Jama'ah Islamiyah, Hizb ut-Tahrir Indonesia (HTI), Laskar Jihad, Laskar Jundullah, Laskar Fisabilillah, Islamic Defender Fronts (FPI), and Preparatory Committee for the Application of Isl...
This paper examines Islamic radicalism particularly in Indonesia in terms of its roots and strategies of action. While focusing on the Jama'ah Islamiyah (JI, lit. " Islamic Community ") as the larger subject of discussion, it takes Ar Rahmah Media Network with its print publication of Jihad Magazine (Jihadmagz) in particular as the case of study. The paper argues that the emergence of Islamic radicalism is mainly triggered by the combination of the ruling regime's political repression, crucial socioeconomic deprivation, globalisation, and Arabia support. Also, it further argues that there is a shift of strategies among activists of radical Muslims in delivering their messages as well as in conducting their radical actions.
THE CONFIGURATION OF RADICAL ISLAMISM IN INDONESIA: Some Contemporary Assessments and Trajectories
Al Tahrir, 2014
This paper attempts at analyzing the configuration of radical Islamism in contemporary Indonesia. The basic argument developed throughout this paper is that the reality of radical Islamism will always exist as long as all necessary conditions are there. Adopting the opportunity structure theory, among the necessary conditions that lead to the birth and existence of radical Islamism are: 1) Islamist ideology derived from the sacred texts, the Qur'an and Sunnah; 2) socio-political setting and issues where Muslims live; 3) actors, the Islamists, who craft the logics of Islamist ideology based on the interplay between the issues prevalent in the Muslims' socio-political setting and the ideology constructed from the sacred texts. This article is divided into parts as follows: 1) the streams in Islamist thought and movement; 2) the anatomy of radical Islamism; 3) the membership of radical Islamism, and 4) the trajectories of radical Islamism, before it is ended with concluding remarks. Abstrak: Tulisan ini hendak menganalisis konfigurasi Islam radikal di Indonesia kontemporer. Argumen dasar yang dikembangkan dalam tulisan ini adalah bahwa realitas Islam radikal akan selalu ada sepanjang terdapat kondisi yang menuntutnya ada. Dengan mengadopsi the opportunity structure theory, di antara tuntutan kondisi yang mendorong kelahiran dan keberadaan Islam radikal adalah: 1) ideologi Islam dipahami dari teks yang disucikan, yaitu al-Qur'an dan Sunnah; 2) latar belakang dan isu-isu sosial-politik dimana kaum muslim tinggal; 3) para pelaku Islam radikal mendasarkan ideologi Islam pada saling keterpengaruhan antara isu-isu umum pada latar belakang sosial-politik seorang muslim dan ideologi yang dibangun dari teks-teks suci. Tulisan ini dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian: 1) aliran-aliran pemikiran dan gerakan Islam; 2) anatomi Islam radikal; 3) keanggotaan Islam radikal; dan 4) ragam jalan Islam radikal, dan diakhiri dengan penutup.
Critical Analysis of Islamic Populism: Insights from Indonesian Perspectives
Journal of Indonesian Islam, 2024
This study aims to provide an alternative insight into understanding Islamic populism. Previously, there has been a long debate about how to frame Islamic populism in Indonesia. The first approach tends to believe that Islamic populism is a product of economic inequality, while the second approach underlies the increasing use of religious identity to mobilize people. Considering both sides, this paper used critical review analysis to find out the gap amidst the existing literature. The result shows that, Islamic populism within the Indonesian context seems to be an emotional movement among especially urban Muslim middle class in that attempts to bring religion into line with dogmatic political preferences. They frustrated with existing Islamic political parties which they considered abandoning true Islamic agenda such as implementation of Islamic law and Islamic leadership so that they resorted to populism. This attitude has grown up recently, especially to 212 movement, "Aksi Bela Ulama" and "Aksi Bela Islam" to keep Islam as the majority.
Understanding The Radicalism Movement In Indonesia: A Conflict Approach to the Rise of Terrorism
AJIS: Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, 2017
There is an ideology in every movement. Of course, that ideology that constructs the pattern of organizational movement. This phenomenon is an assumption in this paper, and will be broadly elaborated . In particularly; This study will describe the genealogy, reason, and patterns of salafism movement in Indonesia. The reason why this study seeks to understand the theme because the movement of salafism in Indonesia has emerged dramatically. It can be understood from the acts of terrorism that occurred. There are at least 4 acts of terrorism in 2000; 3 acts of terrorism in 2001; And 1 acts of terrorism in the 2000 Bali bombing which Is the most dramatic act of terrorism and the bombing action at J.W. Marriot hotel in 2003. These acts of terrorism are facts which suggest that the movement of salafism flourished in Indonesia. The data also encourages the study of why terrorism appears in Indonesia? What are the reasons? What is the root of the movement of salafism in Indonesia? The quest...
TASAMUH: Jurnal Studi Islam, 2021
Since the Reformation Era, various Islamic organizations or groups have emerged in Indonesia with different ideologies and movement models, such as Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI), the Indonesian Mujahidin Council (MMI), the Indonesian Muslim Brotherhood, the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI), and Jemaah Islamiyah. Most Indonesian Muslims do not warmly welcome their presence as the spirit of their struggle is not appropriate with the character and culture of the Indonesian people. They often use violence and even terror in struggling for Islam with the reason of amr ma'ruf nahi munkar (enjoining good and forbidding evil). So it is not surprising that the government recently dissolved the HTI and FPI. By using a qualitative approach, this study aims to uncover their ideology and movement model and the ideologies that influence them. From the data obtained from various related literature such as textbooks, journals, and the web, this study finds that these Islamic groups are ideologically influenced by trans-national Islamic groups with fundamentalism and even radicalism characters. They disagree with the Indonesian government system, which is considered secular and incompatible with Islamic values. They often use violence and terror to enforce Islamic shari'ah and even change the NKRI system with the system of Khilafat Islamiyah (Islamic caliphate).
Jurnal Demokrasi dan Otonomi Daerah, 2009
This essay examines the factors of radicalization in several Islamist groups in Indonesia, which undertake violent action and radical thoughts (or what some describe it as fundamentalist).
Between a rock and a hard place - radical Islam in post-Suharto Indonesia
Indonesia provides a fruitful case study of differences between radicalization processes in liberal and authoritarian regimes. Political Science hereby tends to emphasize regime type as the determinant of Islamist political strategy (radical, militant or moderate) and therefore as the main explanatory factor for radicalization processes. Although this is true of the role of Islamists in various Middle Eastern countries, where electoral participation has moderated political programs and strategies, it is of little relevance to Indonesia. The democratic opening in 1998 provided Islamists with new opportunities to participate in electoral politics, and even become co-opted by formally “secular” forces, but at the same time opened up spaces for militant, radical Islamist groups. Whereas radical Islam faced severe state repression under Suharto’s New Order, we now find a highly ambiguous relationship between the state and radical Islamists, expressed in operational terms as a parallelism of repression and cooptation. This article tries to make sense of the relationship between the post-authoritarian state and radical Islam in Indonesia by transcending the institution-centered understanding of the role of Islam through an examination of the configurations of social forces that have determined the shape, scope, and practices of radical Islam within Indonesia’s new experiment with democracy.