Present and prospective energy use potentials of selected agricultural wastes in Nigeria (original) (raw)
Related papers
The Use of Agricultural Wastes as Renewable Energy Resources: A Review
OKEY Stephen Nnaemeka, 2023
The expansion of agricultural production has naturally resulted in increased quantities of livestock wastes, agricultural crop residues and agro-industrial by-products. A review on agricultural wastes such as palm oil and other wastes is desirable because of their contribution to environmental degradation and the need to convert them to value-added products such as renewable energy to mitigate their impacts. This paper seeks to review available renewable biomass resources which can enable developing countries including Nigeria to overcome her present energy challenges. The palm oil industry generates a large quantity of wastes which makes their disposal a challenging task. Apart from few isolated cases where palm kernel shell (PKS) and palm fruit fibre serve as source of fuel in cooking, they are usually dumped in the open field and water ponds which impact negatively on the environment. Renewable energy produced from agricultural wastes will add to the national grid in view of the exhausting nature of fossil fuel resources coupled with its challenges of environmental degradations.
The potential of energy recovery from by-products of small agricultural farms in Nigeria
Agronomy research , 2019
Agricultural by-products are renewable energy sources from which essential amount of energy can be recovered, which can be used to replace the use of conventional fossil fuel, reduces the potential of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and at the same time reduces deforestation, especially in rural areas. Energy values of biomass from small Agricultural farms, in particular waste generated from different tropical crops, viz; Maize, Millet, Rice, Sorghum and Groundnut were determined, to ascertain their potentials as alternative fuel sources for rural use. The materials were found to be of importance judging by their combustion potentials in all the forms investigated. The Energy values of the by-products considered ranged between 11.68 MJ kg-1 to 17.48 MJ kg-1 with Groundnut pods and millet husk having the highest and least respectively. Moisture and ash had effect on the energy values of these biomass. Our results are relevant to the problems posed by the management of farm residues in developing countries.
International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 2020
The present report deals with the evaluation of abundant agricultural residues in West Africa based on criteria. These criteria are essentially: the availability of the resource based on a statistical study extended over a period of ten (10) years, the rate of competitive uses of the resource, the critical rate of actual availability and the potential actually available. This study extends the field of knowledge on the physicochemical characteristics of agricultural biomass in countries where the economy is strongly dominated by agriculture. Maize residues come first, followed by cotton, sorghum, rice residues and lastly millet residues. Corn stalks and cobs followed by cotton and millet stems proved to be abundant in the balance of agricultural residues in Benin. This study shows that the biomass resource is more concentrated in the North (Alibori, Atacora, Borgou and Donga), a little less in the center and the South. Similarly, the energy potential of maize residues (stalks and co...
Bioenergy Potential in Nigeria
Chemical Engineering Transactions, 2019
The potential of waste agricultural, forest and waste material in Nigeria for energy generation was quantitatively estimated using Nigerian Government data. The current biomass capacity of Nigeria is over 200 billion kg of biomass per year. Wood fuel and charcoal account for over 80% of the energy that is consumed in households in Nigeria for cooking and heating. Wood fuel accounts for about 94% of traditional biomass that is utilized for household cooking in Nigeria. 46 million tonnes of wood fuel was used in 2014 for domestic cooking in the country. The nation's total energy consumption in 2015 was 121 Mtoe. The analysis that was carried out in this work shows that Nigeria has the potential to generate about 62 Mtoe (2.6 billion GJ) of energy from its biomass resources (about 51% of the nation's energy consumption in 2015). The largest resource by far is agricultural crop residues, much of which is currently burnt in the fields. The estimated bioenergy potential of Nigeria...
Demand for energy in rural and suburban sociesties in Nigeria has became an issue, these occurred as the vast rural settlements and poor availability of grid connection. In which has virtually affected many communities's well-being and social benefits. Although, abundance of huge degraded wastes, from domestics,aniamls and agriculture that can be renewable into clean energy source are wastage untilised. Therefore, to bridge gab of such wastes for supporting human living, this has measured the availability of waste taking Polytechnic domestic waste/Animal dung the production of CH4 to provide heating and lightening low loads. In the study, two cylindril drum of 32-litres were used to contain the combined waste from animal dune and domestic waste of equivalent of 125Kg. The workable system was demonstated by availing its importance to the populace of rural area in particularly in NorthEastern region, Nigeria that inevitably that need such technology for sustainable life change. The technology was found cost effective, eco-friendly and above all does not technical difficulties compared with natural gas and fossil fuel.
The purpose of the study was to examine the potential of palm biomass, taking a case of the Juaben Oil Mills in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, which has over the years generated electricity for its operations from its waste products and other benefits that have accrued to the company and the host community. Primary data collection and intensive desk study approaches were employed albeit qualitatively, to describe the use of palm biomass as supplementary source of electricity generation in Ghana. The study showed that there is enough potential (waste by-products) for electricity generation to supplement current production from hydropower to meet growing demand. However, policy and institutional arrangements do not easily allow generation and extension for communal benefits. The authors therefore recommend a relook at existing policy and institutional arrangements to help promote this alternative source of energy for efficient and sustainable domestic and industrial uses. We also argue that ensuring efficiency in energy generation calls for R&D into its commercial potential and explore more efficient means of managing industrial and other agro biofuel wastes in developing economies. Future energy policy must also create and harness diversity of available biomass resources and reduce the delivery risks of the resources.
Understanding the Potential of Biomass as an Alternative Renewable Energy in Nigeria
NIPES Journal of Science and Technology Research, 2020
Energy generation and distribution in Nigeria has been epileptic as only about 60% of the nation's population have electricity. With the majority of the country's electricity needs generated from gas power and hydro-power plants, it is pertinent and of great importance for the country to look towards other alternative and renewable energy especially biomass in order to meet its electricity demands. This paper aims to show the possibilities available in biomass by collecting data of amount of waste collected daily and calculating the electricity generating capacity.
An Assessment of Potential Resources for Biomass Energy in Nigeria
Resources
Nigeria is a developing country with an insufficient supply of energy to meet the continuously growing demand. However, there are several biomass resources available within the country. This paper presents a desk review, which investigates the potential resources for biomass energy generation within the country. Energy policies to aid biomass use as an energy source within the country were also reviewed. Biomass resources identified within Nigeria include forest residues, agricultural residues, human and animal wastes, aquatic biomass, and energy crops. However, several of the resources, particularly agricultural residues, have competing uses, such as livestock feed and soil rejuvenation. An estimation of the technical energy potential of the biomass resources revealed that about 2.33 EJ could be generated from the available resources in Nigeria. Agricultural residues have an energy potential of about 1.09 EJ, with cassava, maize, oil palm, plantain, rice, and sorghum being the majo...
The increased dependence on Hydrocarbon products as main source of energy in Nigeria has created a scenario of both human, technological and socioeconomic lapses and setback in the country. Rampant use of diesel generators as means of alternative energy yields unrelenting greenhouse gas emission in the atmosphere thereby endangering human lives. However, efficient and renewable energy sources have been explored and have been adjudged to be viable, reliable and sustainable alternative. Unfortunately, some of the harnessed and most popular renewable energy sources like solar energy, geothermal, hydroelectricity, tidal power, wave and wind power are very expensive and consequently out of the reach of an average individual. Biomass energy is a cheap renewable energy that is locally sourced. Biogas is a type of biomass energy that can be produced from waste materials. This paper explored the use of animal dung as one of the sources of biogas as well as identifies its economic potential. Noting that small scale biogas production is fully capable of replacing rural energy requirement for lighting and cooking, harnessing it will alleviate the present energy problem. The large scale production is capable of generating and feeding electricity into the mainstream power grid. Since animal dung constitutes environmental pollution and yields pathogens and parasites that are harmful to health, it therefore becomes necessary to harness it for better use.
Biogas: An Alternative Energy Source for Domestic and Small-Scale Industrial Use in Nigeria
American Journal of Innovation in Science and Engineering
In Nigeria today, there is a lot of waste that is being generated on a daily basis. From Domestic wastes to kitchen wastes, poultry and livestock not excluded. Due to the current energy crisis and climate change, the country could benefit greatly from an alternative energy source which is eco-friendly, renewable, sustainable and efficient. This alternative energy source is called ‘’Biogas”. Biogas is formed by anaerobic digestion of organic materials. Biogas can be produced from kitchen wastes, cow dungs, poultry, pig faeces, etc. These wastes from the Bio-digester can later be treated as a by-product to give a nutrient rich organic fertilizer that can be used in farmlands and gardens. This paper outlines the benefits of organic waste and its potentials for domestic as well as industrial use when compared to other conventional fuels. The selected organic wastes that were thoroughly analyzed in this research work are; Human excreta, Pig excreta, sheep and goat excreta, abattoir waste...