Application of additives with gasoline fuel: A review (original) (raw)
Related papers
Effects of Fuel Additives on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine
European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, 2017
This research investigated the effects of addition of ethanol to gasoline with the aim of improving the performance and emission characteristics of Spark Ignition (SI) engine. Four samples of gasoline-ethanol blend were prepared, namely 100% ethanol, 100% gasoline, 95% gasoline + 5% ethanol and 90% gasoline+10% ethanol, and were labeled sample A, B, C and D respectively. Physicochemical analysis was carried out on the four samples while sample B, C, and D were used to run a single cylinder, two stroke, air cooled SI engine to determine the performance characteristics of the engine at four engine speeds of 800rpm, 1000rpm, 1200rpm, and 1400rpm. An exhaust gas analyzer was used to analyze the exhaust emission to determine its constituents at no load. The research concluded that blending gasoline with ethanol not only improved the performance of the engine, it also yielded a friendlier emission. It also solves the problem of sole dependence on petroleum products to run SI engines with its attendant cost and environmental implications.
International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2019
The aim of this experimental investigation is to analyse the performance and emission characteristics of spark ignition engine running on petrol doped with various additives. Additives used in this research work are toluene, benzene and ethanol at 20% concentrations on volume basis. The engine test setup consists of single cylinder, four stroke and stationary petrol engine. The engine performance with petrol doped with ethanol was found to be better than pure petrol while the performance with toluene as additive was found to be slightly poorer than petrol at low loads. However, at higher loads, engine performance with toluene doped petrol was better than that with pure petrol. For all values of loads, the engine performance with benzene was found to be poor. The short-term experimental results had shown that petrol containing 20% toluene and 20% benzene as additives can be successfully substituted without any alteration in engine design.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2015
https://www.ijert.org/role-of-additives-and-their-influence-on-performance-of-engine-for-petroleum-diesel-fuel-oxygenated-diesel-blend-a-review https://www.ijert.org/research/role-of-additives-and-their-influence-on-performance-of-engine-for-petroleum-diesel-fuel-oxygenated-diesel-blend-a-review-IJERTV4IS070027.pdf Increasing demand of fuel in everyday life and its hazards cause serious problem for this planet. Intensive attention is required to see this problem. In this review paper there is a comparative study to find out the alternative for diesel fuel and efforts to increase its performance. In this paper blending of oxygenated additive at different percentage with sole diesel and effects on various performance parameters are studied. Blending of Oxygenated additives, improve brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), combustion performance and reduce emission from diesel engine. Properties of the blended fuel and standard exhaust emission of compression ignition (CI) engine have been studied comparatively for sole diesel, NM-Diesel and NE-Diesel fuel blends from different experimental investigation on engine performance and exhaust gas emissions at various engine operating conditions using an engine dynamometer setup.
ACS Omega, 2020
In this research, the performance and emissions of a fourstroke spark ignition engine fuelled with varying proportion of propanolcamphor and gasoline blends were investigated. The physicochemical properties such as specific gravity, viscosity, fire point, flash point, and iodine value (I.V.) of the blends were determined, and the values obtained conform to the ASTM standard. Sample P0B (100% of pure gasoline and 5 g of camphor) had the best physicochemical property values higher than those of the least sample of P15B by the following percentages: specific gravity (0.5%), viscosity (30.8%), fire point (5.08%), flash point (21.8%), and I.V. sample (0.5%). Also, the engine performance parameters such as brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), and specific fuel consumption were generated from the enginemeasured parameters. Sample P0B has the best specific fuel consumption for the torque of 3 N m with a value of 22.77 kg/kW h, and sample P0A (100% of pure gasoline) has the best fuel consumption for a torque of 6 N m with a value of 12.52 kg/kW h. For brake thermal efficiency, sample P0B gives the best brake thermal efficiency at the two constant torques with a value of 0.36 for torque 3 N m and 0.67 for torque 6 N m. Sample P15C (85% of gasoline, 15% of propanol, and 5 g of camphor) gives the best BMEP at torque 3 N m with a value of 1.92 bar, and sample P5C (95% of gasoline, 5% of propanol, and 10 g of camphor) gives the best BMEP at 6 N m with a value of 3.85 bar. Exhaust emissions were analyzed for unburned hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2), and nitrogen oxide (NOx). The results showed that increasing the blending percentage reduces the emitted concentration of CO, HC, and NOx. Carbon monoxide emission was found to be lowest at sample P10A (90% of gasoline and 10% of propanol) for torque 3 N m with a value of 0.16, and at torque 6 N m, the sample with the lowest percentage was P15C with a percentage of 0.21.
Utilization of additive from waste products with gasoline fuel to operate spark ignition engine
Scientific Reports
Impacts of blending fusel oil with gasoline on fuel combustion have been investigated experimentally in the current research to evaluate engine performance improvement and exhaust emission. Tested fuel include F10, F20 (10% and 20% of fusel oil by volume) and pure gasoline as baseline fuel have been used to operate 4-cylinder SI engine at increasing engine speed and constant throttle valve of 45%. The present results reveal a shorter combustion duration and better engine performance with F10 over engine speeds with maximum value of 33.9% for the engine brake thermal efficiency. The lowest BSFC of 251 g/kW h was recorded at 3500 rpm engine speed also with F10. All blended fuel have almost similar COVIMEP. Less NOx emission was measured with F10 at 4500 engine speed compared to gasoline. However, CO emissions reduced while higher CO2 was observed with introducing fusel oil in the blend. Moreover, HC emission increased an average by 11% over speed range and the highest value was achiev...
The synthesis, characterization and the performance evaluation of a gasoline ethanol diethyl ether blend on spark ignition engine is presented. The experimental set up is consisting of a Kane May Quintox KM9106 gas analyzer equipped with an oxygen sensor (range 0–25%, accuracy −0.1% to +0.2%), a hydrogen compensated carbon monoxide sensor (range 0–10,000 ppm, accuracy ±20 ppm < 400 ppm), an SO2 sensor (range 0–5,000 ppm, accuracy ±5 ppm < 100 ppm), an NO sensor (range 0–5,000 ppm, accuracy ±5 ppm < 100 ppm), as well as a temperature sensor for measuring flue and ambient temperatures (±1°C) is used with the following equipment: test engine, A C voltage source, stop watch, 500cc measuring cylinder and infrared tachometer. The experimental tests were performed using four different fuel blends which include (85% gasoline, 10% ethanol, and %5 diethyl ether), (80% gasoline, 15% ethanol and %5diethyl ether), (75% gasoline, %15 ethanol and %10 diethyl ether) and (60% gasoline, 25% ethanol and 15% diethyl ether) by volume. The gasoline fuel was use as a baseline for comparison. The engine performance tests carried out were conducted for fuel consumption, engine speed, brake power thermal efficiency, and brake specific fuel consumption. The results obtained show that there was no reduction in brake power when the blend 80:15:5 was used .in fact it was observed that there was a remarkable increase in power output by 5.3% at low engine speeds, thus reducing the brake specific fuel consumption by 22.4% on the average. This brings about also a complete combustion. The exhaust analysis carried out reveals that there was a reasonable reduction of CO by 5.8%. This clearly indicates that this blend is adequately suited as an alternative fuel.
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2024
Finding substitute fuels has been more popular in recent years as a response to escalating pollution levels and fuel shortages. The goal of this research is to find the ideal gasoline to ethanol ratio that will maximize engine performance and reduce emissions in spark ignition engines. In order to analyse the performance of different blending ratios, the research looks at metrics such carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, brake power (BP), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and brake thermal efficiency (BTE).
Experimental Investigation of Using Gasoline–Ethanol Blends in a Spark-Ignition Engine
The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of using unleaded gasoline-ethanol blends on the performance of an unmodified SI engine. A four stroke, four cylinders, water-cooled SI engine (type Toyota, 12 R) with a carburetor fuel system was used for conducting this study. Performance tests were carried out to obtain brake thermal efficiency, brake power, engine torque, brake mean effective pressure and brake specific fuel consumption. In these tests unleaded gasoline-ethanol blends with different percentages of fuel were implemented. Four fuel samples were used in the tests, namely: unleaded gasoline (E-0), 95% gasoline and 5% ethanol (E-5), 90% gasoline and 10% ethanol (E-10) and 15% ethanol and 85% gasoline (E-15). Tests were conducted at one-fourth, one-eighth throttle opening positions and at variable engine speed ranging from 500 to 3000 rpm. The results showed that blending unleaded gasoline with ethanol increases the brake power, torque, and brake thermal effi...
The present review investigates modification of diesel fuel formulation and development of a new model to enhance engine performance, improve fuel properties and reduce exhaust emissions. Emissions arising from the fuel can be controlled by blending an oxygenated fuel (renewable fuel) with the diesel fuel. The blending oxygenated fuels namely Methanol, Ethanol, and n-Butanol are examined in addition to their effects. This review paper studies the implication of different torques and various engine speeds. In some conditions, it can even cause an increase in the content of carbon monoxides (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2) and nitrogen oxides. This review showed that the engine speed has a negative effect on all of the air pollutants, so that increasing of the engine speed leads to reduction of the air pollutants. However, the engine load gives rise to most exhaust emissions. Adding the oxygenate fuels increases brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), while brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreases. In some researches, a nano-metal additive has been used in the fuel for improving the engine performance. In case of using the nano-metal additives to the diesel fuel (a nano-metal with small thermal conductivity coefficient), the engine performance is seen increased.
The present study is the experimental investigation of performance and emission characteristics of spark ignition engine (SI) with gasoline-n-buatanol blends. In various properties n-butanol is almost equivalent to gasoline. Recently n-butanol can be manufactured from bio mass and it will be a renewable fuel in near future. Also the viscosity of n-butanol is higher than gasoline. Blends of n-butanol of proportions from 30 to 50% by volume along with gasoline were tested in a single cylinder SI engine in various speeds. The results shows that there was a considerable reduction in un burnt hydrocarbons (UBHC), Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions in all speeds. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of all blends were higher than gasoline in all the speeds. There was a slightly increase in brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC) and oxides of nitrogen(NOx). This study is giving an opportunity to reduce the dependency of gasoline which is a fossil fuel to certain extent.