Colloidal Gold: A Novel Nanoparticle Vector for Tumor Directed Drug Delivery (original) (raw)
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Drug Development Research, 2006
Colloidal gold nanoparticles represent a versatile biomedical platform. Our efforts have focused on the development of these nanoparticles into a platform technology for developing tumor targeted drug delivery vectors. In the current communication, we describe the development of two colloidal gold nanoparticle drugs. The first drug, Aurimune-T, is a multivalent drug assembled on 25 nm colloidal gold nanoparticles and designed to sequester TNF in solid tumors. While developing Aurimune-T we recognized that TNF not only serves as the therapeutic responsible for anti-tumor efficacy but also a tumor targeting ligand. Support for this hypothesis is presented in the description of the second nanoparticle drug, AuriTax, a colloidal gold-based TNF targeted paclitaxel drug.
Gold Nanoparticles and Chemotherapeutic Agents
2020
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) receive a great deal of attention for biomedical applications due to their unique properties to monitor intracellular delivery of therapeutic agents. Evidently, drug delivery is a compelling field of research due to the need of releasing medicine at specific locations in a controlled manner with a minimum amount of side effects. The present review focuses on the combination of AuNPs with different types of chemotherapeutic agents as potential drug delivery vehicles that can be used in cancer therapy.
Review on the production and applications of gold nanoparticles as a drug delivery carrier
International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS), 2022
There are numerous medicinal and industrial uses for nanoparticles in the detection and treatment of disease. Nanoparticles stand out for their ability to perform multiple tasks and their small size. It is possible to use nanoparticles to deliver drugs to specific sites in the body, as well as to increase cellular absorption. Gold nanoparticles, which are the most extensively investigated of all metallo-nanoparticles, are the focus of this review. Anti-cancer medications are available; however, necrosis of both malignant and 4147 non-cancerous cells is a side effect of many of them. The necrosis caused by gold nanoparticles affects exclusively cancer cells. Smaller than human cells, these tailored drug delivery devices can quickly infiltrate tumors and kill malignant cells. Anticancer medicines that have been conjugated with gold nanoparticles are more effective. Due to their photophysical and optical properties, gold nanoparticles are useful in chemotherapy and cancer diagnostics. Proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids can all be used to modify gold nanoparticles. Such devices have a wide range of applications, from biosensors to medication administration.
Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer
Integrating Biologically-Inspired Nanotechnology into Medical Practice, 2000
This chapter deals with the applications of gold nanoparticle in cancer and various strategies to target cancer cells by using gold nanoparticles. They are in great demand for biomedical applications such as DNA/Protein detection, bimolecular regulators, cell imaging and cancer cell diagnostics. The ability to tune the surface of the particle provides access to cell-specific targeting and controlled drug release. Depending on their size, shape, degree of aggregation, and local environment, gold nanoparticles can appear red, blue, or other colors. The novel drug delivery systems offer the opportunity to improve poor solubility, limited stability, bio distribution, and pharmacokinetics of drug as well as offering the potential ability to target specific tissues and cell types. The multifunctional gold nanoparticles are attractive organic-inorganic hybrid material composed of an inorganic metallic gold core surrounded by an organic or bimolecular monolayer they provide desirable attributes for the creation of drug delivery in cancer.
Biomaterials, 2009
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated (pegylated) gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been proposed as drug carriers and diagnostic contrast agents. However, the impact of particle characteristics on the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of pegylated AuNPs is not clear. We investigated the effects of PEG molecular weight, type of anchoring ligand, and particle size on the assembly properties and colloidal stability of PEG-coated AuNPs. The pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the most stable PEG-coated AuNPs in nude mice bearing subcutaneous A431 squamous tumors were further studied using 111 In-labeled AuNPs. AuNPs coated with thioctic acid (TA)-anchored PEG exhibited higher colloidal stability in phosphate-buffered saline in the presence of dithiothreitol than did AuNPs coated with monothiol-anchored PEG. AuNPs coated with high-molecular-weight (5000 Da) PEG were more stable than AuNPs coated with low-molecular-weight (2000 Da) PEG. Of the 20-nm, 40nm, and 80-nm AuNPs coated with TA-terminated PEG 5000 , the 20-nm AuNPs exhibited the lowest uptake by reticuloendothelial cells and the slowest clearance from the body. Moreover, the 20-nm AuNPs coated with TA-terminated PEG 5000 showed significantly higher tumor uptake and extravasation from the tumor blood vessels than did the 40-and 80-nm AuNPs. Thus, 20-nm AuNPs coated with TA-terminated PEG 5000 are promising potential drug delivery vehicles and diagnostic imaging agents.
Progress in research on gold nanoparticles in cancer management
Medicine, 2019
Introduction: The rapid advancement of nanotechnology in recent years has fuelled burgeoning interest in the field of nanoparticle research, particularly its application in cancer management. At present, there seems to be heightened interest in the application of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to the management of cancer, encompassing diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. AuNPs could be used as drug delivery agents that target cancer cells or in gene therapy. These efforts are undertaken in the hope of revolutionizing current methods and strategies for cancer treatment. This review will focus on the current applications of AuNPs in cancer management. Objectives, data sources, study appraisal and synthesis methods, results: objectives, data sources, study eligibility criteria, participants, and interventions, study appraisal and synthesis methods, results are not required, as the study will be a literature review. Just introduction, ethics and dissemination, and conclusion are applicable. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval and informed consent are not required, as the study is a literature review and does not involve direct contact with patients or alterations to patient care. Conclusion: AuNPs have many properties that are of great value for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. AuNPs are small in size and can penetrate widely and deposit on the tumor site, bind to many proteins and drugs, target delivery drugs, and have good biocompatibility. The application of AuNPs in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors is very considerable. In the near future, AuNPs will certainly play an important role in the treatment of tumors. Abbreviations: AuNCs = gold nanoclusters, AuNPs = gold nanoparticles, AuNRs = gold nanorods, AuNSs = gold nanoshells, CTAB = cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, EGFR = epidermal growth factor receptor, EpCAM = epithelial cell adhesion molecule, HER-2 = human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, MTX = methotrexate, PEG = polyethylene glycol, PET = positron emission tomography.
Gold nanoparticles: Emerging paradigm for targeted drug delivery system
Biotechnology Advances, 2013
The application of nanotechnology in medicine, known as nanomedicine, has introduced a plethora of 22 nanoparticles of variable chemistry and design considerations for cancer diagnosis and treatment. One of 23 the most important field is the design and development of pharmaceutical drugs, based on targeted drug 24 delivery system (TDDS). Being inspired by physio-chemical properties of nanoparticles, TDDS are designed 25 to safely reach their targets and specifically release their cargo at the site of disease for enhanced therapeu-26 tic effects, thereby increasing the drug's tissue bioavailability. Nanoparticles have the advantage of 27 targeting cancer by simply being accumulated and entrapped in cancer cells. However, even after rapid 28 growth of nanotechnology in nanomedicine, designing an effective targeted drug delivery system is still a 29 challenging task. In this review, we reveal the recent advances in drug delivery approach with a particular 30 focus on gold nanoparticles. We seek to expound on how these nanomaterials communicate in the complex 31 environment to reach the target site, and how to design the effective TDDS for complex environments and 32 simultaneously monitor the toxicity on the basis of designing such delivery complexes. Hence, this review 33 will shed light on the research, opportunities and challenges for engineering nanomaterials with cancer bi-34 ology and medicine to develop effective TDDS for treatment of cancer.
Targeted Chemotherapy Delivery via Gold Nanoparticles: A Scoping Review of In Vivo Studies
Crystals
In the field of oncology, a lot of improvements in nanotechnology creates support for better diagnosis and therapeutic opportunities, and due to their physical and chemical properties, gold nanoparticles are highly applicable. We performed a literature review on the studies engaging the usage of gold nanoparticles on murine models with a focus on the type of the carrier, the chemotherapy drug, the target tumoral tissue and outcomes. We identified fifteen studies that fulfilled our search criteria, in which we analyzed the synthesis methods, the most used chemotherapy conjugates of gold nanoparticles in experimental cancer treatment, as well as the improved impact on tumor size and system toxicity. Due to their intrinsic traits, we conclude that chemotherapy conjugates of gold nanoparticles are promising in experimental cancer treatment and may prove to be a safer and improved therapy option than current alternatives.