Morphometric Study of Patella in Human Skeletons in Northeastern Brazil (original) (raw)
Related papers
Morphometric Analysis of Dry Human Patella and Patellar Facets
Cureus, 2022
Background The patella is also known as the kneecap. It lies in front of the knee joint and protects the joint from damage. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body and is embedded within the quadriceps tendon. The morphometry of the patella is crucial in forensic analysis, designing of implants, and subsequent reconstruction procedures in the knee as it is a sesamoid bone, without periosteum, whereby the natural healing process becomes difficult. The dimensions of the implant are very crucial for a successful knee replacement procedure. This study aims to provide a comprehensive morphometric analysis of the patella and further compare the same between right and left-sided patella specimens. Methodology In total, 50 dry patella specimens, with 26 left-sided specimens and 24 right-sided specimens, were obtained for the study from the Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai. The parameters analyzed in the study included height, width, the thickness of the patella, length and width of the articular facets on medial and lateral aspects, and central ridge length. Results The morphometric analysis showed the mean height, width, and thickness of patella specimens were 4.07 cm, 4.12 cm, and 2.03 cm, respectively. The dimensions of the articular facet on the lateral aspect were found to show statistical variation compared to the dimensions of the medial articular facet, where p-values of <0.05 were taken as statistically significant. Based on Koyunco's Classification, 92% of patella specimens were of Type B. Conclusions The morphometric analysis of the patella in this study can be helpful in designing implants for reconstruction and for treating orthopedics in patellar reconstruction and fixation procedures.
Anatomic differences in patellar dimensions: A comparative study of left and right sides
Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology, 2023
Background: The patella is an important bone in the knee joint, and its morphology can vary between different populations. The present study aimed to perform a morphometric analysis of dry human patellae from the Kashmiri population to determine their anatomical features and to compare them with Indian and global studies. Materials and Methods: The study included 40 dry human patellae (20 right and 20 left) from the Kashmiri population. Various parameters such as patella height, patella width, patella thickness, ridge length, medial and lateral articular facet length and width were measured using a digital Vernier caliper. The mean values of these parameters, along with their standard deviations, minimum and maximum values were calculated. The t-value and p-value were also calculated to determine the significance of any differences observed between the two sides. Results: The results showed no significant differences between the right and left patellae for most of the parameters analyzed, including patella height, patella width, patella thickness, ridge length, medial and lateral articular facet length. However, there was a significant difference in the medial articular facet width (p=0.136) and lateral articular facet width (p=0.318) between the two sides. The mean values for all parameters were within the range of values reported in previous studies of patellar morphology in different populations. Conclusion: The present study provides important information about the morphometric features of patellae in the Kashmiri population. The findings suggest that there are no significant differences in the morphological features of the patellae between the right and left sides, except for the medial and lateral articular facet widths. Keywords: Patella, Morphometry, Kashmiri population, Anatomical features, Articular facets.
Anatomia da Patela de Esqueletos Humanos
Saude E Pesquisa, 2012
A disfunção femoropatelar é a alteração mais encontrada dentre as patologias do joelho. Manifesta-se por dor na porção anterior da articulação e déficit funcional que compromete as atividades diárias. A morfologia da patela tem sido apontada como um importante fator no aparecimento da referida disfunção. Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a morfologia das patelas de esqueletos humanos adultos e assim contribuir com subsídios para aplicação clínica. Foram utilizadas 76 patelas humanas provenientes do laboratório de anatomia do Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, nas quais foram realizadas análises macroscópicas para sua classificação de acordo com A forma, faces laterais, simetria e variações anatômicas. A análise macroscópica permitiu classificar as patelas quanto à forma em três tipos: tipo I, com formato triangular; tipo II, formato oval e tipo III, irregular. Houve um predomínio (67,1%) das patelas do tipo I. Quanto às faces articulares, verificou-se que em 85,5% das patelas a face lateral era maior. Patelas com as faces articulares apresentando as mesmas dimensões foram encontradas em 7,9% dos casos e com a face medial quase inexistente em 6,6%. O ângulo patelar formado pelas faces articulares medial e lateral da maioria das peças analisadas apresentava-se entre 116º e 120º. As diferentes classificações realizadas com base nos aspectos morfológicos permitem concluir que tais achados devem ser considerados na análise biomecânica da articulação do joelho e nas disfunções femoropatelares, principalmente de origem idiopática.
Morphological Traits Around Patellofemoral Joint in Indian Femora and their Implications
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2014
Knowledge of structural variations around patellofemoral joint has helped to understand postural behavior patterns of various population groups. The biomechanical impact of postures may lead to certain skeletal modifications which may contribute to knee pathologies like patellofemoral arthritis, patellar subluxation and trochlear dysplasia. This study was conducted to report the incidence of skeletal non-metric markers on femur in Indian population and to understand their correlation with some pathologies of patellofemoral joint. The traits studied were Martin's facet, Peritrochlear groove and Supratrochlear facet. The study material was a collection of 152 adult femora from osteology museum in Department of Anatomy, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India, with equal percentage of bones from each side and gender. All bones were evaluated for the above mentioned traits and results were obtained as percentage of incidence and Chi-Square test using SPSS version 17. The data...
Knee Cap: A Morphometric Study
International Journal of Anatomy and Research
Background: The patella is the largest sessamoid bone embedded in the tendon of quadriceps femoris. Patella although not distinct for determining sex or race it is used for personal identification as it is resistant to post mortem changes. Purpose of the study: Dimensions and classification of patellae are important anthropologically as well as clinically for the determination of the size of a patellar implant. Since there has been no previous morphometric study on the patellae in South India population, this study aims at giving dimensions on measurements of patella as well as to classify them based on the articular facets. Results: A total of 65 dry right and left patella of both sexes were examined using five measurements. In this study the mean height, width and thickness of patella were 38.07, 38.58, and 18.29 mm respectively. Conclusion: The patellar height is of fundamental importance for patellofemoral operations involving knee arthroplasty, anterior cruciate ligament or proximal tibial osteotomy. Morphometric data presented in this study is beneficial for orthopedicians in designing patellar implants for procedures involving knee.
Hypothesis : Morphology & Development of Patella Dr
2013
A Sesamoid bones are embedded in tendons, and are essentially hardened calcifications of the tendon itself. The largest sesamoid bone in the human body is the patella, which lies suspended in between the quadriceps tendon above and the patellar tendon below. They are found in locations where a tendon passes over a joint, such as the hand, knee, and foot. Functionally, they act to protect the tendon and to increase its mechanical effect, The presence of a bone serves to hold the tendon slightly further away from the centre of the joint this increases its movement, and stops the tendon from flattening into the joint. This differs from menisci, which are made of cartilage and rather act to disperse the weight of the body on joints and reduce friction during movement. There are two sesamoid bones in the thumb, within the adductor pollicis and abductor pollicis brevis tendons, and one in each forefinger and one in each wrist. Each foot also has two sesamoid bones in the ball of the foot,...
International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery, 2020
Introduction: The pathobiology of patella related illnesses are multifactorial and the postoperative failure of total knee arthroplasty leads to the implant designing. Currently in India, based on the western anthropometry measurements, patellar prosthesis is available which is not perfectly suitable for Indian ethnic population. Creating a patellar bone prosthesis by incorporating the Indian ethnic anthropometric dimensions will give much better postoperative result and will help in designing new surgical techniques. Aim: To obtain anthropometric measurements of patella in Indian Ethnic population for construction of patellar prosthesis. Materials and Methods: An osteological study was carried out in which 66 non-pathological human dry adult patella bone was collected from southern and western ethnic Konkan tribal populations of India. The primary objective of the present study was to measure the anthropometric dimensions of dry Indian human patella bone and to compare the anthropo...
In vivo magnetic resonance imaging morphometry of the patella bone in South Indian population
Anatomy & Cell Biology
often confused for various intra capsular derangements of knee joint. It is very obvious that the study of patella has various clinical implications. The success of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or patello femoral arthroplasty (PFA) depends on obtaining the suitable patellar implant size. The conventional methods of planning the implant include the intraoperative measurement of the patella, which may sometimes go for an error due to the diseased joint. The gender variability in the dimensions of patella may also have implications for implant design and functional outcome after the successful PFA or TKA. It is well known that, there is significant difference in the morphometry of the knee joint between the Asian and Caucasian population [1]. Unfortunately, most of the commercially available knee prosthesis for TKA or PFA are designed based on the dimensions from the Caucasians, which
2020
Whether resurfacing or not resurfacing the patella during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) still is a challenge to orthopedic surgeons. A significant reason for this controversy is the far from perfect outcomes of both techniques, resulting from inadequate knowledge of normal patellar dimensions in a diseased one. The primary purpose of the current study is to find the pre-diseased patellar dimensions and the ethnic differences in patellar dimensions. We measured the patella's dimensions on 927 normal young adult knee MRIs from seven different ethnicities. Besides comparing the dimensions between sexes, ages, and sides, we analyzed the differences among ethnic groups. The average thickness was 25.12±2.33 mm; the average width was 44.57±4.32 mm, the average articular surface length was 32.69±3.75 mm, with significant gender, age, and ethnic differences. There were also significant differences in dimensions among ethnic groups, except for between the Indians and Far Eastern Asians an...