Contemporary Environmental Approaches to the Training in the Conservation and Restoration of Documentary Cultural Heritage (original) (raw)
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Teaching of conservation with a special focus on restoration in the Czech Republic
With the increasing number of conservation education activities in CR the urgency of its still absent integrating concept rises. Even the solution to the partial focused area of education in restoration should be based on the framework defining the overall issue of conservation education and on the basic analysis of its state. This, with a concentration on university education, is the primary starting point of the paper. The second is the understanding the specificity of the branch and activity of restoration in the state conservation in CR. Then, the problems of teaching of conservation with the focus on restoration at universities will be pointed out and some possible solutions in the organization, content and forms of teaching will be discussed.
Education and Training Needs for the Conservation and Protection of Cultural Heritage
Education and training needs for the conservation and protection of cultural heritage Summary 'ENCoRE' was founded in 1998 to promote research and education in the field of cultural heritage and to improve and encourage cooperation among academic programmes and institutions for the conservation-restoration of cultural heritage. The need for clarification of university level programmes and recognised equivalents in conservation-restoration education has been achieved in the form of the ENCoRE document 'Clarification of Conservation-Restoration Education at the University Level or Recognised Equivalent'. In its criteria, the document takes into consideration the Bologna Declaration on the European Higher Education Area. ENCoRE has from the start actively promoted EC framework programme research among its member institutions and partners, and offers its active cooperation and support to ensure the best possible dissemination of research, as well as its cooperation in helping with the integration of education and research within the area of cultural heritage. This includes the implementation of the Bologna system of higher education in the area of conservation-restoration. An important tool in supporting these efforts is the new ENCoRE website: www.encore-edu.org.
2015
Preface Nowadays, responsibility for the heritage, broadly understood as human and environmental coexistence, is the most important challenge of humanity. The Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage proclaimed in 1972 by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) reinforced and popularized the Western thought that divided the nature and the culture, which had its beginning in the thought of Enlightenment (MacCormack and Strathern 1980). The nature vs. culture dichotomy, understood as contrasting those two qualities, had huge consequences often depreciating the value of the one for the another. In Articles 1 and 2 of the Convention (UNESCO 2005), the criteria allowing for qualifying properties as examples of cultural or natural heritage were defined. Sandra Pannell lists definitions of cultural heritage we can find in Convention as ‘‘monuments’, ‘groups of buildings’ and ‘sites’, the last ones being the ‘works of man or the combined works of nature and of man’’ (Panell 2006). Definitions of natural heritage are put as ‘‘physical and biological formations’, ‘habitats of threatened species’ and ‘natural sites or natural areas’, which are of ‘outstanding universal value’ from the point of view of science, conservation and/or aesthetics’’(Panell 2006). We can also find ‘mixed heritage’ understood as combination of cultural and natural ones. Nowadays UNESCO proclaims a new way of understanding heritage, a new vision which ‘strives to recognize and protect sites that are outstanding demonstrations of human coexistence with the land as well as human interactions, cultural coexistence, spirituality and creative expression’ (UNESCO 2008). That approach wins more and more supporters not only in the scientific world but also in people all over the world. The discussed process is taking place on numerous planes. Starting from the discussion of specialists on universal values and defining the basic notions, through changes in legal regulations e.g.: connected to implementation of the European Landscape Convention, which is to be accepted by every signing country, to a purely social plane connected with popularization of a new way of understanding, viewing and protecting the Heritage. The term ‘Cultural landscape’ is the actual sample of such a new thinking, and therefore we have decided to focus mostly on the elements of cultural landscape. The subject, approached from various perspectives, from a theoretical (defining and situating cultural landscape in the social space) to a practical one (revitalizations of historically and culturally valuable objects, the value of which forms the identity of the region, winning the sources of financing), from the municipal (examples of Cittaslow towns, urban parks, or ‘The Holy Cemetery’ in Romania) to the rural one (‘Village Renewal’), from a French (an excellent sample of the Parc Naturel Régional de la Brenne ) to a Polish one (examples of Warmia and Mazury, as well as Podlasie) constitutes the first part and the core of this publication. The further part deals with the subjects connected with difficult/dissonant heritage basing on the example of Warmia and Mazury, where, due to political and historical conditions, the regional cultural landscape was subjected to ideologization in favour of Polish raison d’état. The authors have presented how important and more and more common it is in that ‘difficult’ environment to discover and build identity of a human being based on the heritage of the region. The final part of the following monograph discusses particular actions taken by various organizational units (the University, societies, funds) to put theory into practice. We let those who make that theory work in practice speak. Launching the cultural and natural studies as well as the Centre for Cultural and Natural Heritage at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, together with work of specific people in associations and organizations show us how important it is to be aware of and to take care for the cultural heritage and what difficult this work it is. The collected examples, however, prove that it may be done successfully. We realize that we have not discussed in this publication numerous important issues and areas of heritage or we have not devoted as much time to them as they deserve. Our intention is to inspire with the expertise and experience of this book as much people, organizations, and self-governments to notice the cultural and natural heritage and to take measures for its protection. The international exchange of experiences presented in this publication would not be possible without personal involvement by the authorities of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, the Association France-Pologne de l'Indre and the management of the Parc Naturel Régional de la Brenne. We believe that that every initiative to be born under the influence of this publication, which aims at showing how it is possible to take care together for heritage understood according to the UNESCO World Heritage Centre as ‘our cultural and natural heritage are both irreplaceable sources of life and inspiration. They are our touchstones, our points of reference, our identity’ (UNESCO 2008), is to serve well for the local societies building, at the same time, a relation with the place of living. M. Śliwa, K. Glińska-Lewczuk
Conservation Ethics Today, 2018
The conference is focused on the relationships between theory and practice of conservation-restoration in the field of heritage preservation, considering the positions and developments of the 20th Century for the challenges of the 21th Century. Particular attention is directed to architectural heritage, its surroundings and its fittings, such as architectural surfaces and wall paintings, stuccos, decorative elements in stone, majolica, ceramic etc. Contributes and discussions tackle with experience and perspectives of conservation-restoration especially in European heritage preservation. This is due to the conference’s involvement into the EYCH European Year of Cultural Heritage program 2018. A critical look from outside Europe is welcomed and expected to provide important input and fresh perceptions. Ethics of conservation concern the issue of relationship between objects and actors, i.e. between our heritage and the professionals dealing with heritage preservation. Ethical principles as basis for developing appropriate methods and techniques of conservationrestoration are required. These applied ethics are closely connected with the professional ethics of conservator-restorers and of all other specialists involved in the preservation of architectural heritage. The conference will pay attention to improve interdisciplinary cooperation between conservator-restorers, architects, craftsmen, art historians, building archaeologists, conservation scientists and all others active in this field. With reference to every day practice, the debate will deal with the specific professional profiles and tasks of all these specialists and try to increase the quality of communication and co-operation.
Documentation Training for Conservation of Cultural Heritage
CIPA 2005 XX International Symposium Tornio, Italy, 2005
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This article focuses on a series of problems that threaten the preservation and use of university heritage, especially documentary. Various aspects such as the non-observance of the legislation, the absence of an efficient institutional policy, affectations caused by lack of knowledge and personnel, the high cost of the technologies and materials necessary for conservation and restoration and the evident impact of antiquity affect its conservation. Taking these precedents into account, the different uses derived from the management of university documentary heritage in its links with science and technology are analyzed. From the methodological field, an analysis was carried out with a qualitative approach based on the bibliographic review method and the selection of information through inclusion and exclusion criteria of primary and secondary sources in which a perspective of science-technology studies prevailed. and society. The main results make it possible to identify the necessa...
A Holistic Approach to Conservation Studies: Active Conservation Learning in a Living Historic Environment. The Case study of 'Saving the Stones training program' at the International Conservation Center, Citt'a di Roma (in Acre -Israel), 2014
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