Editorial introduction: special issue on local wisdom for better city planning (original) (raw)
Related papers
The Application of Local Concepts on Herman Thomas Karsten's Town Planning
PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION JOURNAL, 2021
In this era of globalization, there is an interesting phenomenon in urban development. Many parts of the city are chaotic in their development, but there are cities that are fixed, unchanging. Semarang city is one that has not changed due to the times. Semarang city was planned by Herman Thomas Karsten as a modern city starting in 1916. Herman Thomas Karsten (1884-1945) is a Dutch architect who has worked as an architect and city advisor since his arrival in Indonesia in 1916. Karsten's most complete work is located in Semarang City. Karsten's work covers the town planning of Semarang city and the architectural design of buildings. History shows the fact that architectural works that survive are those that have a local aspect in their design concepts. This fact also happened to Semarang city. Through a literature review on city theory, architecture and local aspects, and by taking the case of Semarang city as a modern city by Karsten, it can be seen that the application of local concepts in Karsten's work, as well as the relationship between local concepts and primary elements of city in Karsten's works. This study aims to interpret Karsten's concept of thought, explore all local aspects in urban planning, which influence Karsten, and reveal the dominance of local aspects found in the case study. This research provides benefits for the scientific development of architecture, and provides new insights to the academic community about the importance of local aspects to architectural work. This research makes it clear that a city will survive if its town planning applies local concepts. As for the community, this research contributes to helping the creation of a new built environment for cultural heritage artifacts through a good architectural conservation work strategy. Keywords: Local concept; the primary elements of the city; Karsten; Karsten's works
KNOWLEDGE AS A HOLISTIC, INTEGRATED APPROACH TO FUTURE URBAN DEVELOPMENT
Journal of Current Research, 2018
The effect that modern technology and innovation has on societies and cultures today, as well as on the decision process that we as individuals undergo on a daily basis is inte and data compiled. Today, modern global practices emphasize that economic growth, as well, is more dependent on knowledge; knowledge being, in essence, the repertoire of information that is used in order to make bett cross cutting changes. This new integrated approach; the knowledge city, adds a new dimension to existing perspectives on cities, as it describes the interrelations between p spaces. While there is a long history and vast body of knowledge about cities and its dynamics, the knowledge city perspective contributes to a better understanding of the such as urban planning, city, emphasizing that cities should be more accessible, attractive, connected and dynamic. This intricate weave of data leads to either a successful or a rundown city. However, the conce "knowledge cities" is yet an emerging field of theory and practice. The purpose of this research is to look into the knowledge city concept and try to discuss the required indicators as a foundation for the planning process; a process which goes beyo into urban planning, urban design and building design.
7th ISRM with the theme “Technology, Industrial Development & Global Business” is an effort by LPPM UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur, 2023
Gresik has a wealth of architectural buildings as historical buildings that are very diverse and spread in almost all areas of the city because the potential of the historic building can be to strengthen local identity. On the other, currently the growth of urban buildings in the Gresik area still only prioritizes functional needs, especially commercial buildings or buildings that have economic potential, especially those located on the main roads of Gresik. The visual growth of these buildings does not take into account the values of local wisdom that can characterize the appearance of local buildings, and even now many are neglected and are not even a major consideration in the current city's visual design thinking. The symbolization of the city must of course be a guide in regulating the visual growth of the city, it can develop according to the architectural potential of the old city which can be expressed in the design of the building or environment. The author's thought in this study is how is the role of local wisdom values as a source of approach in regulating visual design guidelines for building layouts and the local environment, especially in commercial buildings which have been growing quite rapidly. The research uses the descriptive analysis method through observation and literature study in an effort to solve research problems that arise in the field. The preparation of the design process uses an iconic approach to get the visual characteristics of the city that are expressed in buildings. The visual potentials of the city originating from old buildings can be input in the design process and make these potentials as markers of a place or environment in an effort to create the characteristics of a place or environment.
ScienceDirect Urban Planning and Architectural Design for Sustainable Development
In the past few years, urban population has outnumbered the rural at global scale, and cities, especially in developing and newly industrialized countries, are experiencing a considerable expansive phase. This expansion is often uncontrolled, and it is accompanied by an increase of poverty and social disadvantages, perceived particularly within urban peripheries where, in addition, urban sprawl is causing severe low qualification of the environment. Thus, if, on the one hand, cities can be represented as development drivers, nodes belonging to networks that overcome national boundaries, places where knowledge is produced and reproduced and innovation is generated and transferred, on the other hand they represent the context where unsustainability deriving from this kind of development is most evident, together with its huge range of environmental, economic, social and also cultural contradictions. Degraded green areas in the peripheries act as counterparts to urban parks; the architectural beauty of the city centers, periodically exposed to restyling processes, or areas involved in urban requalification programs, though accompanied by gentrification, contrast with run-down neighborhoods where buildings' low quality, lacking services and inadequate infrastructure levels cause the wide spread of social deviance and poverty in its diverse forms. Not less evident are contradictions on cultural ground. Cities that should promote their own identity and glean the key from their own development from their cultural peculiarities, are very often inclined to emulate other cities which have achieved meaningful competitiveness performances on international ground, but through logics and planning goals which cannot be replicated in every geographic context. Thus, this tendencies, besides being ineffective and unsustainable in the medium or long term, are the tangible expression of cultural homologation processes that absorb urban identity and waste its endogenous development potential. From this, it derives the importance of a new approach to urban planning, able to interpret territorial needs and attitudes and which can foster the design of actions in order to fulfill territorial potential and valorize its tangible and intangible sources, bringing back centrality to local dimension in its widest meaning. A planning approach " at the service of the territory " instead of favoring, as is often the case, top-bottom choices and planning tools which don't consider local values and requests of the place where they act, following, on the contrary, external and conforming logics. We refer to formally exemplary but meaningless projects. There can't be cities' sustainable development without urban planning but, to be functional to this aim and promote the improvement of
Bhumi, Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan, 2019
The urban development in Bali, especially Denpasar City, as the capital city of Bali Province, is growing fast in all sectors, leading to dynamic of city and creating some issues as well. Some aspects which have changed due to those developments are the growth of economics, the adequate of facilities and utilities, the comfort, the safety and the local wisdom of Balinese tradition as well. The local wisdom of Bali, as the cultural value system of Balinese tradition, is a solid reliability between culture and religion which becomes the root and the base of all Balinese community life. The existence of Balinese cultural value has been kept well, although some values are starting to change so far, it is not beyond the fundamental rules and meanings. In fact, the power of Balinese traditional sophistication value system is shaping the growth of Denpasar City. This article will explore the aspects of Balinese local wisdom values such as: Balinese traditional spatial pattern, traditional community and religion systems, also how those aspects have strongly generated the development of Denpasar city, especially on city spatial and land use. The study shows that existence of the local wisdom has signif icant factors in shaping urban patterns and structures and in providing limitations to the use of urban space.
Environmental Research, Engineering and Management, 2012
Lithuania is an urbanized country. The decisions of the soviet past have shaped a compact city character. After the Regaining of Independence in 1990, urbanization process was organized by the new territorial planning system. Democracy and market economy are rapidly changing the spatial pattern of Lithuania's urban structures. Based on the research done on urban trends and Master plans of the main metropolitan cities of the state, the contributors are trying to answer the question how much the current urban planning is foresighted in achieving sustainability goals and what actions are to be taken to avoid the spread of compact city structures, to stop ineffective use of land and other natural resources. Authors have concluded that the current generation is responsible for a new spatial future of Lithuania. The future should be based on foresighted urban development i.e.on its vision and policy, on clear understanding about the existing situation supported by learned urban professionals Key words: territorial planning, urban sprawl, urban trends, local master planning, urban professionals.
Local knowledge in action: valuing non-professional reasoning in the planning process
P lanning and acting on questions of physical space have increasingly become socially embedded practices, shifting from serving an abstract "public interest" to actively engaging the public. Central to this approach is a greater emphasis on the exchange of knowledge and the development of ideas through communication with users, residents, and community groups. With the communicative planning approach gaining ground, the role of nonprofessional forms of knowledge and understanding also becomes an important issue. Contemporary practices tend to be more open to a wider variety of inputs than more traditional forms of professional expertise. Great attention is currently given to means of organization such as platforms and rules of discussion that help participants to express themselves. At the same time, however, the question of substance-that is, the knowledge, arguments, and ideas used to justify decisions and actions on the ground-is often overlooked. As a result, in many cases the public's potential for challenging established views and reformulating problems in ways that allow creative ideas and solutions remains largely underused.
Dialogues in Urban and Regional Planning 4
Prize winning papers from the World's Planning School Associations Dialogues in Urban and Regional Planning offers a selection of the best urban planning scholarship from the world's planning school associations. The award-winning papers presented illustrate some of the concerns and discourse of planning scholars and provide a glimpse of planning theory and practice around the world. All those with an interest in urban and regional planning will find this collection stimulating in opening avenues for research and debate. Set in context by the editors' introductory chapter, these essays focus on planning concerns within local contexts, but also reflect international issues. The necessity of rising to meet global challenges, the barriers to change, and the characteristics of the new approaches to planning which seem most likely to facilitate change, resonate throughout the papers selected for inclusion in Dialogues 4. First we encounter the problems and opportunities presented by a variety of planning institutions in dealing with social inclusion and local identity, ranging from the need to change the planners' culture in Zimbabwe in order to move from government to governance, to theorizing an "intercultural project" that moves beyond contemporary "multiculturalism," in Vancouver, Canada, to the need for flexible strategies to pressure the state to enact collaborative and just planning processes in Johannesburg, South Africa. Next we are exposed to new ways of thinking about the organization and use of urban spaces, with an "oil vulnerability" assessment of Australian cities, a rethinking of urban green space in the British transition from modernism's vision to an alternative aimed at active provision of ecosystem services, an examination of urban design strategies aimed at improving public security in Brazilian favelas, and a plea for incorporating residents' culture and lifestyles in planning for "living heritage cities" like Melaka, Malaysia. At the intersection of social inclusion and local identity with the organization and use of urban spaces is an examination of the plans produced by the Congress for the New Urbanism (CNU) for the rebuilding of eleven American towns in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. The realization of social equity goals will require more than physical design. Then we are stimulated to think strategically by new analyses of classic issues: Latin American failures to attain economic "maturity" when hindered by divergence between rapid urbanization and industrialization; the mega-project planning problem of pervasive misinformation about the costs, benefits, and risks, and the consequent waste; and the shortcomings of cost-benefit analysis in French transportation policy research. Finally, we have an apt summary of the barriers to carrying out the new approaches to planning, with an analysis of its demands on planning professionalism in a range of institutional and governance settings in Victoria, Australia. This book is published in association with the Global Planning Education Association Network (GPEAN), and its nine member planning schools associations, who have selected these papers based on regional competitions. These associations represent over 360 planning schools in nearly 50 countries around the globe.
Notes on the Uses and Scope of City Planning Theory
Planning Theory, 2005
This mapping article highlights two concerns about city planning theory: its uses and roles in urban planning, and its scope. Regarding its main uses or functions, there are four: explanation, prediction, justification, and normative guidance. Each of these four roles is briefly explained before moving on to the core of the article regarding the scope of planning theory, as the use of city planning theory bears directly on its reach, and vice versa. This discussion addresses the question of the contribution of planning theory to urban development, and suggests how to explain that contribution.
Spatial Planning: the urban challenge (GERP2.2010.2011)
This course, Spatial Planning: the urban challenge, exposes learners to theories, concepts and multimedia techniques to understand the social, economic, political and environmental characteristics of cities and consequently how forms of intervention by planners relate to the history, evolution and processes within urban areas. The module is part of the Minor Cultuur, Landschap en Ruimtelijke Planning. On completion of the course learners will be able to: (1) Reproduce central ideas on urban theories and concepts from the Chicago School of Sociology, the LA School of Urbanism and a range of contemporary debates within urban geography, urban planning and urban studies; (2) Situate these tools for urban analysis in the evolution of urban planning interventions, from ancient and pre-modern models to the negotiation of competing interests in plural societies and paying attention to the utopian modernists Frederick Law Olmsted, Ebenezer Howard, Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright, as well as more contemporary New Urbanism; (3) Explore these new insights on urban planning in groups via a variety of multimedia to deepen understanding and to relate to urban cases of the learners’ choosing; (4) Adapt their prior knowledge about cities and expectations of the course to reconceptualize cities as assemblages of social, economic, political and environmental processes via the posing of “fresh” research questions and the integration of optional sub-assignments into a final group assignment; and (5) Demonstrate their critical capacities and enthusiasm for cities across the globe via integration of all preceding activities and insights.