How often an isolated cardiac disproportion predicts a coarctation of the aorta? Single center experience and systematic review of the literature (original) (raw)
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A Phylogenetic Analysis of Ilyocryptus Sars, 1862 (Cladocera: Ilyocryptidae)
International Review of Hydrobiology, 2009
revised the taxonomy of the genus Ilyocryptus SARS, 1862 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Ilyocryptidae) and concluded that 28 species can be recognized as valid for the world fauna. In order to test phylogenetic relationships between the species and to contribute to a better understanding of the genus, a cladistic (using branch-and-bound search) analysis was conducted for 25 Ilyocryptus species (two of them with two subspecies). In total, 32 morphological characters were used. An evolutionary-morphological interpretation of the results was also made. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Ilyocryptus elegans is an earlier derived member of the genus, while other species are separated into two main branches: agilis-and sordidus-lines (without reference to type of moulting). Species with incomplete moulting and species with complete moulting do not form separate clusters, suggesting an independent origin of incomplete moulting within different species groups. 1. Size: very small, maximum length less than 0.6 mm [a = 0; p = 1]. 2. Type of moulting: incomplete [a = 0; p = 1]. 3. Body shape [relatively low, ovoid-elongated = 0; high, triangular-ovoid = 1]. 4. Body remarkably compressed laterally [a = 0; p = 1]. 5. Head shield: a lateral projection near mandibular articulation [a = 0; p = 1]. 6. Mandibular articulation wide, massive [a = 0; p = 1]. 7. Lateral horn on valve [a = 0; p = 1]. 8. Marginal setae in anterior bunch very long [a = 0; p = 1]. 9. Setae at postero-ventral region of valve especially long [a = 0, p = 1]. 10. Setules on setae of posterior valve margin [not modified = 0; with numerous spine-like setules = 1; with only a single spine-like setule on slightly expanded base of seta = 2; a single, robust spine-like setule on markedly expanded base of seta = 3]. 11. Postabdomen: anus distal [a = 0, p = 1]. 12. Preanal teeth appearance [exclusively single = 0; partly doubled = 1; clustered and greatly reduced in size = 2]. 13. Shape of preanal teeth [straight, non-modified = 0; small, uniform, regularly curved = 1; greatly increasing in size in basal direction = 2; markedly reduced in size = 3]. 14. Number of preanal teeth [medium, 7-10 = 0; larger, more than 12 = 1; smaller, not more than 6 = 2]. 15. Additional setules or denticles near preanal teeth [p = 0; a = 1]. 16. Position of basalmost lateral seta [on postanal margin = 0; on anal or preanal margin = 1]. 17. Large gap between basalmost seta and anus [a = 0; p = 1]. 18. Length of lateral setae on postabdomen [markedly longer than paired spines = 0; subequal in size with the spines = 1; markedly shorter than the spines = 2]. 19. Setules on ventral surface of claw base: long [a = 0, p = 1]. 20. Spines on claw base: basalmost markedly shorter and thinner than distalmost [a = 0; p = 1]. 21. Antenna I [long = 0; shortened, without ridges = 1; shortened with denticles and ridges = 2]. 22. Finger-like projection on proximal segment of antenna I: markedly or completely reduced [a = 0, p = 1]. 23. Rows of denticles on distal segment of antenna I [p = 0; a = 1]. 24. Apical swimming setae of antenna II: shortened, less than 0.5 body length [a = 0; p = 1]. 25. Proximal segments of lateral swimming setae with long and rare setules [a = 0; p = 1]. 26. Second seta on outer distal lobe of limb I [p = 0; a = 1]. 27. Limb I: gnathobase [p = 0; a = 1]. 28. A large, bisegmented seta near ejector hooks of limb I [p = 0; a = 1]. 29. Single ejector hook on limb I [a = 0; p = 1]. 30. Limb VI with six bunches of 2-4 robust setules [a = 0, p = 1]. 31. Male body more compressed than female body [a = 0, p = 1]. 32. Aesthetascs on male antenna I with three long and seven short aesthetascs [a = 0, p = 1]. A. A. KOTOV and M. ELÍAS-GUTIÉRREZ
Bleeding hearts, Corydalis, and their relatives by Tebbitt, M, Lidén, M. & H. Zetterlund
Curtis Apos S Botanical Magazine, 2010
on a colourful, and sometimes bizarre, group of plants summarized so well by the title of the book that is the subject of this review-'Bleeding hearts, Corydalis, and their relatives'. Although a group with a long history of cultivation-since the mid 1500s according to the introduction-its popularity has been increasing, most notably since the 1990s. If one accepts that this group of plants belongs to the Fumariaceae (some 550 species in 20 genera), we are told that some 180 species (in 12 genera) are cultivated and the bulk of species, 150, in Corydalis. Hypecoum, although rarely cultivated, is excluded for some reason. At whom is the book aimed? The fly-leaf suggests gardeners and botanists, and one has to assume of the UK, USA and Europe. The text is divided up into an introduction and six chapters. The first chapter covers the cultivation of this interesting group of plants. Beginning with their use in a variety of garden environments (woodland gardens, borders, rock gardens, peat beds, the alpine house and bulb frame), the authors cover propagation under two main groups, the 'tuberous rooted' and the 'non-tuberous' species; I did find this a little confusing, especially having grown a number of tuberous rooted Dactylicapnos (which are covered under the 'non-tuberous' species). Even the tuberous rooted Dactylicapnos can, with care, be propagated from stem cuttings-I have two such plants growing in my collection. Pests and diseases cover the usual culprits, from mice, insects and mites, 'other creatures' (slugs and snails) and fungal diseases-suggested remedies and treatments are provided. In the second chapter, on natural history, the authors have outlined the characteristics of this group of genera, which they place in the Fumariaceae, noting that some authors would place them all, alongside the poppies, in the Papaveraceae. The classification of the Fumariaceae, and its subfamilies and tribes is outlined, together with a cartoon-like family tree of the cultivated genera. Modern taxonomic changes are explained, which may cause some raised eyebrows amongst horticulturists, followed by a useful explanation of the floral morphology of the Fumariaceae. The chapter concludes with comments on distribution, habits and habitats, pollination, seed dispersal and insect interactions. The next chapter, the shortest in the book, provides an identification key to all genera in the Fumariaceae; this appears perfectly adequate. Additional keys are also provided in the text of following chapters to identify the species of
Leyleklerde (Ciconia ciconia) Kalp Venlerinin Anatomisi
Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2013
This study was carried out to describe the origin, course and ramifications of the cardiac veins in storks. For this purpose, coloured latex injection method was applied on heart of nine adult storks. The results indicate that venous drainage of the heart was provided by the v. cardiaca sinistra, the v. cardiaca media, the vv. cardiacae dextrae and the vv. cardiacae minimae. The coronary sinus was not found in all samples. The v. cardiaca sinistra and v. cardiaca media were opened into the v. cava cranialis sinistra. The v. cardiaca sinistra was the largest vein providing to venous drainage of heart which consisted of two main parts pars interventricularis and v. cardiaca circumflexa sinistra. The v. cardiaca circumflexa sinistra was collected to venous blood of the ventriculus sinister and atrium sinistrum by means of several vessels. One branch of the v. cardiaca circumflexa sinistra coming from ventriculus sinister was much larger than rest and drained big part of ventriculus sinister. The v. cardiac media was a single vein. The vv. cardiacae dextrae were opened directly into the right atrium. The vv. cardiacae minimae were collected venous blood from the wall of atrium dextrum and interventricular septum and emptied into the right chambers of heart. The venous blood of the interventricular septum was collected by the vv. septales of pars interventricularis and v. cardiaca media. It was concluded that circulation of cardiac veins in stork closely resembles that of rodent and is unlike both fowl and ostrich patterns.
Heart place and tail length evaluation in Naja oxiana, Macrovipera lebetina, and Montivipera latifii
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2014
To evaluate a) heart place and tail length, b) their correlations with other biometrics, c) sexual differences in those features, in regard to cardiovascular system in a number of snakes from Iran, about which there is little information. Methods: We studied the fresh mortalities of snakes including 14 Naja oxiana (N. oxiana), 23 Macrovipera lebetina, and one male Montivipera latifii acquired from the Serpentatium of Pasteur Institute of Iran. In this respect, each specimen first was weighted, and then its ventral side of the integument was incised, and heart place was measured. Subsequently, other biometrical features such as total length, TAL, and snout-vent length were measured. Results: The results showed that heart place in N. oxiana, Macrovipera lebetina and Montivipera latifii was about 18%, 32% and 30%, and also TAL constituted about 16%, 11% and 7% of total body length, respectively. Moreover, females indicated anterior heart place and shorter tail than males. Furthermore, the measures and correlations indicated few differences between N. oxiana and typical terrestrial species. Conclusions: The results denoted that in order to overcome hemocirculatory perturbations in vertical orientation while hooding and head raising behavior, N. oxiana need to have more important features than short heart to head distance and long tail. In addition, it gave the sexual differences in heart place and tail length between males and females. It is suggested that in ophidian cardiovascular studies the animals be grouped based upon their sex.
Zootaxa, 2014
The paper gives a description of the hitherto unknown larvae of Stenophylax mitis McLachlan 1875 and Allogamus hilaris (McLachlan 1876a) (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae: Limnephilini; Vshivkova et al. 2007). Information on the morphology of the larvae is given and the most important diagnostic features are illustrated. In the context of published keys, the larva of Stenophylax mitis keys together with Stenophylax permistus McLachlan 1895, S. vibex (Curtis 1834), Stenophylax crossotus McLachlan 1884, Platyphylax frauenfeldi (Brauer, in Brauer & Löw 1857), Micropterna lateralis (Stephens 1837) and M. sequax McLachlan 1875. These species are easily separated by a combination of the following features: spatial extent of the head spinule areas, setation on femora and on the 9th abdominal dorsum, and on the number of posterior sclerites behind each lateral protuberance. Allogamus hilaris keys with Allogamus uncatus (Brauer, in Brauer & Löw 1857), A. mendax (McLachlan 1876a) and Alpopsyche ucenorum (McLachlan 1876b). These species are very similar except in head width which is < 1.50 mm in A. mendax and A. ucenorum and > 1.61 mm in A. hilaris and A. uncatus; the two species in each of the pairs are not separable. With respect to distribution, S. mitis ranges from the Iberian Peninsula to the Balkan Peninsula and from southern Italy and Greece to the Central European Highlands. Allogamus hilaris is restricted to the Western Alps and the northern half of the Apennine Peninsula. In addition, ecological characteristics are briefly discussed.
2011
Three new species of Calviriidae are described, belonging to two new genera: Diskeria gigantea n.g. n.sp., D. tasmanica n.sp. and Paracalviria islandica n.g. n.sp. The species of Diskeria have a copulatory organ with two rings of needles of which the internal ring forms a structure resembling a stylet. The accessory organ has a large glandular reservoir connected by a muscular duct to a "true" stylet surrounded by needles. The two species can be discerned by the number and size of the needles in the copulatory organ and in the accessory organ. In the female system there is a large terminal bursa. Paracalviria islandica has a copulatory organ with one circle of ±60 needles and an unarmed, sucker-like accessory organ in the male atrium. The female system is very simple without a bursa. Contrary to the other members of the Calviriidae, P. islandica has an epidermis with insunk nuclei, no septum in front of the pharynx and no sphincter around the gut above the pharynx. The relationships of and within the Calviriidae are discussed and compared with the recent results based on DNA analyses. Morphological arguments are given for the monophyly of the taxon Calviriidae. Amended diagnoses for the family and the four genera within the family are provided.
Redescription of Ilyocryptus sarsi Stingelin, 1913
2002
, earlier regarded as a subspecies of I. sordidus Liévin, 1848, is a valid species, relatively common and widely distributed in South America. It is here redescribed based on material from a number of localities in Brazil. The type specimen is lost, and therefore a neotype is selected from Sars' (1901) specimens, hatched from dried mud from Ipiranga, Paraná, Brazil. Differences between I. sarsi, I. sordidus and some other species are indicated. Recent problems in the systematics of the sordidus-group are discussed. The validity of all species in the sordidus-group described after Liévin and Stingelin is in need of checking.