TOLERANCE, BIOACCUMULATION AND BIOSORPTION POTENTIAL OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM METAL-FINISHING INDUSTRY WASTE SITE (original) (raw)
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Bioresource Technology, 2007
Heavy metal analysis of agricultural field soil receiving long-term (>20 years) application of municipal and industrial wastewater showed two-to five-fold accumulation of certain heavy metals as compared to untreated soil. Metal-resistant fungi isolated from wastewater-treated soil belonged to genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Geotrichum, Fusarium, Rhizopus, Monilia and Trichoderma. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for Cd, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Co were determined. The MIC ranged from 0.2 to 5 mg ml À1 for Cd, followed by Ni (0.1-4 mg ml À1 ), Cr (0.3-7 mg ml À1 ), Cu (0.6-9 mg ml À1 ) and for Co (0.1-5 mg ml À1 ) depending on the isolate.
Microorganisms play a significant role in bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and wastewater. The present study has been carried out to understand the tolerance potential of different species of Aspergillus (A. flavus, A. niger, A. nidulans, A. oryzae and A. terreus) which were isolated from the Nile water. The degree of tolerance of fungi was measured by minimum inhibitory concentration in the presence of different concentration of metals (Mn, Fe and Al) and compared to a control sample. Results showed variations in the tolerance level of different isolates of Aspergillus. A. niger and A. oryzae were tolerant while A. nidulans was the most sensitive species. Removal of manganese, iron, and aluminium using powder and viable Aspergillus oryzae biomass was investigated. Metals (Mn, Fe. and Al) removal increased with an increasing dose of biosorbent for the powder and viable biomass within two hours. These results showed that powder and viable Aspergillus oryzae biomass can be used for removal of heavy metals from polluted water.
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2005
Two isolates belonging to the predominant genera Aspergillus and Rhizopus isolated from agricultural field treated with sewage/ industrial effluents were selected for the biosorption potential evaluation of Cr and Cd. Pretreated, dead biomass of above fungi was used for bioadsorption experiment at pH value 4.5 with the biomass, 1-5 mg in a 100 ml metal solution of different concentration (2, 4, 6 and 8 mM) with a contact time of 18 hrs and agitation, 120 rpm. Bioadsorption of Cr ranged from 6.20-9.5 mg/g of dry mass at one or other initial metal concentrations by Aspergillus and Rhizopus sp. The bioadsorption of Cd was ranged from 2.3-8.21 mg/g. On the comparative basis Rhizopus sp. could bioadsorbed higher concentration of both metals as compared to Aspergillus sp. Bioadsorption of Cd and Cr was influenced by initial metal concentration and nature of organism. The findings revealed that fungi of metal polluted sites showed higher metal tolerance and bioadsorption capacity of chromium and cadmium. @JASEM
Effect of metal training on Aspergillus niger (Lin.) and its Biosorption capacity
© Serials Publications Pvt. Ltd., 2018
Currently, heavy metal pollution is becoming a drastic problem throughout the whole world. Conventional technologies to clean up the heavy metal from industrial effluent are less effective and time taking. An alternative to these technologies, biosorption is an inexpensive and promising solution for biodetoxification of the heavy metal pollution from wastewater. The filamentous fungi have great potential to produce a large amount of biomass which is used for metal adsorption. Filamentous fungi have gained an increasing, attention for removal and recovery of heavy metals due to their performance. For the present study Aspergillus niger, Van Tieghem was selected for the in vitro training and adsorption of lead. The species were selected on the basis of their growth rate and overall performance in the soil treated with different metal concentration. Potato Dextrose Agar medium was used for the in vitro training of these selected fungi against the lead sulphate (PbSO4). Training of fungi at a high concentration of heavy metal may increase their metal uptake capacity as a metal resistance mechanism. Aspergillus niger was strained to high concentration lead as lead sulphate (PbSO4) i.e., 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, 2000 ppm, 2500 ppm. 3000 ppm, 3500 ppm and 4000 ppm by repetitive sub-culture on Potato Dextrose Agar medium containing a high level of lead metal. Different doses of fungal biomass i.e., 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, and 40 mg were used for the present investigation. It has been observed that biosorption capacity increased with increase in the dose of biomass. Present work clearly signified 3000ppm the highest biosorption as 70.39% with 20 mg of fungal biomass. Freundlich' isotherm modal showed much better correlation coefficients than Langmuir's isotherm model in the examined concentration range. Biosorption found strongly dependant on the experimental parameters. Trained fungi can remove much lead from the solution than those of the non-trained fungal biomass.
Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2021
Due to various anthropogenic activities, different heavy metals like arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and nickel (Ni) accumulate in the soils of industrial areas. In the current study, contaminated soil was collected from Yuepu industrial area of Shanghai, China. Soil analysis revealed the presence of Pb and Cu in high concentrations, ranging from 125.9-128.0 mg/kg and 98.4-100.2 mg/kg, respectively. These soil samples were further used to isolate metal tolerant microbes. Subsequent screening resulted in the isolation of four major fungal species including Fusarium fujikuroi, Fusarium solani, Trichoderma citronoviridae and Trichoderma reesei. Molecular characterization of isolated fungi was performed and amplified sequences were deposited in GenBank NCBI database. Metal tolerance and biosorption capacity of these fungal strains towards lead and copper were tested. Fungal strains were exposed to increasing concentrations (100-1000 ppm) of chlorides of lead and copper and the tolerance of the selected fungi was evaluated by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The range of MIC values was found to be 400 ppm to 1000 ppm. The tolerance index of all the tested fungi was calculated and T. citronoviridae was observed to be tolerant at 1 mM concentration of lead while F. solani was the most tolerant species at 1 mM concentration of copper. The highest biosorption capacity of Pb was exhibited by T. citronoviridae, while T. reesei showed the best absorption capacity of Cu followed by F. solani. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed visible adsorption of metal on fungal mycelia and suggested it to be the mechanism of metal removal. On the basis of these findings, it could be concluded that T. citronoviridae and F. solani are the potential mycoremediation microbes in Pb and Cu contaminated soils, respectively.
BIOSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS USING ASPERGILLUS SPECIES ISOLATED FROM CONTAMINATED SOIL.
With the rapid development of industries heavy metal pollution has become one of the major global concerns due to their toxicity and threat to human life and environment. This work evaluated the heavy metal biosorption potential of Aspergillus sp. (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus) isolated from contaminated soil of Bhagwanpur industrial area, Haridwar. The heavy metal concentrations were determined after digestion of soil samples. The results indicate the heavy metal resistant fungi that were isolated and screened for the biosorption potential. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Pb, Cr, Ni and Zn was determined by agar diffusion method in 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm concentrations. In this study, adsorption of Zn, Ni, Cr and Pb were investigated and two sp. of Aspergillus were identified viz. Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. The results showed that Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus could biosorb all the metals in the order Zn>Ni>Cr>Pb and Pb>Cr>Zn>Ni respectively.
Bioremoval of Heavy Metals by the Native Strain Aspergillus niger
Modern Concepts & Developments in Agronomy, 2019
The objective of this work was study the resistance and removal capacity of heavy metals by the fungi Aspergillus niger. We analyzed the resistance to some heavy metals by dry weight and plate: the fungi it grows in 2000 ppm of zinc, lead, and mercury, 1200 and 1000ppm of arsenic (III) and (VI), 800ppm of fluor and cobalt and least in cadmium (400ppm). With respect to their potential of removal of heavy metals, this removal efficiently zinc, (100%), mercury (83.2%), fluor (83%), cobalt (71.4%), fairly silver (48%) and copper (37%). We determine the optimal characteristics for lead, mercury, cobalt and zinc removal in dry cells. The ideal conditions for the removal of 100mg/L of the heavy metals Cr (VI) were 28 °C, pH between 4.0-5.5, 100ppm of heavy metal, and 5g of fungal biomass.
International Journal of Environmental Research, 2020
In the present study, Aspergillus fumigatus (Genbank accession no. KX365202), was used for heavy metal removal in a hexametal system containing mixture of six heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn). The total concentration of the heavy metals was kept at 30 mg L −1. The experimental sets were designed based on the relative abundance of the heavy metals present in the wastewater of Delhi-NCR region. Toxicity of the heavy metals to the fungus varied with different metal combinations. Combination of Pb and Cr proved to be most toxic followed by that of Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni. Biomass production of 2.90 g L −1 was found in control whereas the combination Pb and Cr produced the lowest biomass (1.59 g L −1). In the presence of six metals, heavy metal removal pattern was Ni = Cd > Cu > Pb > Zn > Cr. SEM studies showed broken fungal hyphae in presence of hexa-metal stress. TEM-EDX studies showed that among the six heavy metals, Cu, Pb and Cd were adsorbed on the cell surface whereas Ni, Cr and Zn were accumulated inside as well outside of the cell. This system could be useful in treating water with multiple heavy metal contaminants. Article Highlights • Combination of six heavy metals used to test toxicity effect on fungus • Metal removal pattern in presence of six metal followed order Ni = Cd > Cu > Pb > Zn > Cr • Combination of Pb and Cr produced lowest biomass proving toxic to the fungus • Hexa metal stress caused broken hyphae in fungus • Heavy metals partitioned by either adsorbing on the surface or going intracellular • Present study approximates natural conditions containing mixtures of heavy metals
Indian journal of experimental biology, 2006
Fungi including Aspergillus and Penicillium, resistant to Ni2+, Cd2+, and Cr6+ were isolated from soil receiving long-term application of municipal wastewater mix with untreated industrial effluents of Aligarh, India. Metal tolerance in term of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 125-550 microg/ml for Cd, 300-850 microg/ml for Ni and 300-600 microg/ml for Cr against test fungi. Two isolates, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. were tested for their Cr, Ni and Cd biosorption potential using alkali treated, dried and powdered mycelium. Biosorption experiment was conducted in 100 ml of solution at three initial metal concentrations i.e., 2, 4 and 6 mM with contact time (18 hr) and pretreated fungal biomass (0.1g) at 25 degrees C. Biosorption of all metals was found higher at 4 mM initial metal concentration as compared to biosorption at 2 and 6 mM concentrations. At 4 mM initial metal concentration, chromium biosorption was 18.05 and 19.3 mg/g of Aspergillus and Penicillium bi...
Biosorption of Copper and Lead by Heavy Metal Resistant Fungal Isolates
Microorganisms play a significant role in bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and wastewater. In this study heavy metal resistant fungi were isolated from the waste water treated soil samples of Hudiara drain, Lahore. The optimum pH and temperature conditions for heavy metal removal were determined for highly tolerant isolates of Aspergillus species along with the initial metal concentration and contact time. Biosorption capacity of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger was checked against Cu (II) and Pb (II) respectively. The optimal pH was 8-9 for A. flavus and 4-5.4 for A. niger, whereas the optimal temperature was 26°C and 37°C respectively. Moreover, the biosorption capacity of A. flavus was 20.75-93.65 mg/g for Cu (II) with initial concentration 200-1400 ppm. On the other hand the biosorption capacity of A. niger for Pb (II) ranged from 3.25-172.25 mg/g with the same range of initial metal concentration. It was also found that equilibrium was maintained after maximum adsorption.