JATROPHA CURCAS L AS A BIODIESEL FEEDSTOCK IN THE MIOMBO WOODLAND OF SOUTHERN AFRICA-A REVIEW (original) (raw)
Related papers
Green energy initiative : An overview of biodiesel production from jatropha feedstock in Nigeria
2017
Article history: Received 30 May 2017 Received in revised form 29 June 2017 Accepted 4 August 2017 Available online 10 August 2017 Increase in global development of renewable energy sources as sustainable alternatives to the conventional fossil fuels witnessed in recent time is linked to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; high dependency on imported fossil oil especially in the developed world; non-renewable nature of fossil fuels; price volatility of petroleum products and instability in the oil producing areas. Therefore, bioenergy appears to offer hope for addressing these concerns while also providing new opportunities for farmers in developing and developed countries alike. Among the many possible resources, biodiesel has received the most attention as a promising substitute for conventional petrol-diesel fuel. The production of biodiesel (methyl esters) from Jatropha plant is currently generating interest in every economy of the world as an alternative means of producing liquid f...
International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 2014
Jatropha curcas is a perennial, deciduous, shrub, which produces seeds rich in oil that is easily convertible into biodiesel. The major constraint in achieving higher biodiesel yield of J. curcas is insufficient information about its climatic variability. The objective of the current work therefore was to evaluate the oil content and biodiesel yield of J.curcas from different climatic conditions in Ghana. Jatropha seeds were collected from six different agro-ecological zones of Ghana. Oil from each sample was obtained by employing soxhlet extraction using n-hexane. Base-catalyzed transesterification reaction was used to transform the oil into biodiesel. The free fatty acid content and moisture content of the jatropha oil and its biodiesel were determined according to the Association of Official Analytical Chemist method. The seed moisture content ranged from 6.00 to 8.40%, free fatty acid ranged from 2.79 to 4.96% and the oil content ranged from 44.20 to 49.70%. The biodiesel yield ranged from 82 to 90%. The least value was recorded in the Evergreen forest zone whilst the highest value was recorded in the Transition Savanah zone. Climatic condition based on rainfall, seed moisture content and free fatty acid characters studied presented highly negative correlation with biodiesel yield. It can therefore be concluded that in selecting seeds for either biodiesel production or for plantation establishment, selection should be geared towards minimal values for these parameters studied which automatically raise the biodiesel yield in J. curcas seeds. The results of this study could provide the development of active bioenergy enterprise that aim at biodiesel production from J. curcas plant in Ghana.
2015
Jatropha curcas L. seeds as a raw material for biodiesel production are a rapidly growing interest over the world because of their high oil content, ecological adaptability, and excellent fuel properties. Though there is an increase in productivity of biodiesel, showing solution for future energy insecurity, there still remains some concern for commercialization due to its susceptibility to degradation during long term storage. The aim of this research work is to investigate the effect of temperature and ambient condition on Jatropha biodiesel storage. A study was conducted for a period of 12 months, where Jatropha biodiesel samples were stored at different temperatures (4°C, 25°C, and 35°C) and environmental conditions (darkness, light, and air). At regular intervals, the samples were taken out to analyze acid value, density, kinematic viscosity, and fatty acid profile to monitor the quality of biodiesel. Analysis showed that acid value, density, kinematic viscosity, and fatty a...
Current Progress of Jatropha Curcas Commoditisation as Biodiesel Feedstock: A Comprehensive Review
Frontiers in Energy Research, 2022
This article looks at the national and global actors, social networks, and narratives that have influenced Jatropha's worldwide acceptability as a biofuel crop. Jatropha Curcas is a genus of around 175 succulent shrubs and trees in the Euphorbiaceae family (some of which are deciduous, such as Jatropha Curcas L.). It's a drought-tolerant perennial that thrives in poor or marginal soil and produces a large amount of oil per hectare. It is easy to grow, has a fast growth rate, and can generate seeds for up to 50 years. Jatropha Curcas has been developed as a unique and promising tropical plant for augmenting renewable energy sources due to its various benefits. It is deserving of being recognised as the only competitor in terms of concrete and intangible environmental advantages. Jatropha Curcas is a low-cost biodiesel feedstock with good fuel properties and more oil than other species. It is a non-edible oilseed feedstock. Thus it will have no impact on food prices or the food vs fuel debate. Jatropha Curcas emits fewer pollutants than diesel and may be used in diesel engines with equivalent performance. Jatropha Curcas also makes a substantial contribution to the betterment of rural life. The plant may also provide up to 40% oil yield per seed based on weight. This study looks at the features characteristics of Jatropha Curcas as biodiesel feedstock and performance, and emissions of internal combustion engine that operates on this biodiesel fuel.
Jatropha’s Rapid Developments and Future Opportunities as a Renewable Source of Biofuel—A Review
Energies
Biofuel is an attractive alternative to fossil fuels since it is renewable and biodegradable—it is mainly made from edible and non-edible sources. Globally, the usage of renewable biofuels is expected to rise quickly. The rising production and use of biofuel has prompted an examination of its environmental impact. Biodiesel is a fatty acid methyl ester generated from sustainable lipid feedstock that substitutes petroleum-based diesel fuel. Non-food oils, such as Jatropha, waste cooking oil, and by-products of vegetable oil from refineries provide inexpensive feedstock for biodiesel manufacturing. Due to its increased oil yield, adequate fatty acid content, tolerance to various agro-climatic conditions, and short gestation period, Jatropha may be one of the most promoted oilseed crops worldwide. Furthermore, Jatropha can provide several economic and agronomic advantages because it is a biodegradable, renewable plant. This study examines whether Jatropha can be considered as the most ...
A multi-factor evaluation of Jatropha as a feedstock for biofuels: the case of sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is a geographical region consisting of 49 countries, out of which, 39 countries have experiences with the cultivation of Jatropha curcas L. Since the year 2000 Jatropha production escalated in the region and peaked in around 2007/2008. The major drivers of this trend were claims made about Jatropha including its ability to grow on marginal lands, high seed and oil yields, and drought tolerant, amongst other attributes. However, the reality has shown that these attributes have not been realised. The objective of the present paper is to analyse the performance of Jatropha as a biofuel feedstock in SSA based on agronomic, economic, social and environmental factors involved in its production. Evidences in SSA show that the major challenge with Jatropha cultivation has been low seed yields, ranging between 0.1 and 2 t/ha. This in turn has led to oil yields which are not sufficiently viable for use in production of biofuels such as biodiesel. There have also been reported challenges with production on wastelands, low use of inputs, unimproved planting materials and vulnerability to pests and diseases. These have negatively affected the performance of Jatropha causing the original claims made about this energy crop not materialised in the SSA.
Growing Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) as a Potential Second-Generation Biodiesel Feedstock
Inventions, 2021
Dwindling supplies of fossil fuels and their deleterious impacts on human health and the global environment have intensified the search for substitute energy sources. Biodiesel has been identified as a promising renewable energy substitute for diesel fuel due to several comparable and sustainable properties. However, approximately 95% of biodiesel is derived from edible oil crops, threatening the current food supplies. Therefore, the biodiesel production potential from inexpensive, non-edible, and non-conventional bioenergy crops, such as Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.), has attracted the attention of many researchers, policymakers, and industries globally. Jatropha is considered to be the second-generation biofuel feedstocks for biodiesel production. However, sustainable biodiesel generation from J. curcas oil has not yet been attained, owing to different socio-economic, ecological, and technical factors. This study aimed to synthesize the information from the existing literature on ...
International experiences with the cultivation of Jatropha curcas for biodiesel production
This paper is the first of its kind, providing an identification of the problems encountered in all documented global experiences of cultivating the Jatropha curcas plant, covering 22 case studies. Influential components of the biodiesel production (stakeholders like government, farmers and enterprises as well as resources such as land and water) and how they are interconnected are pinpointed. In addition, the article gives recommendations to the main actors under ecological and socioeconomic criteria to ensure a sustainable production of J. curcas oil in regions with appropriate climatic conditions for the plant's viability. Hence, this analysis of experiences discusses the following questions: What are the reasons and factors for the previous unsuccessful and unsustainable cultivation of J. curcas for producing biodiesel? Can it be lucrative and simultaneously achieve poverty alleviation/job creation under the constraints of efficient use of resources (land and water)?.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2021
Scarcity, insecurity, and severe environmental impact of fossil fuel-based energy consumption have enthused the production and utilization of alternative energy resources. Biodiesel is identified as promising renewable energy that can substitute the petrol diesel consumption with numerous advantages. However, more than 95% of biodiesel is produced from edible oil crops, which jeopardizes the food supplies. As a result, exploring inexpensive and non-edible oil-bearing energy crops such as Jatropha curcas (Jatropha) has been the target of governments, researchers, industries, and policymakers. However, sustainable biodiesel production from this plant is not achieved yet due to various ecological, socioeconomic, legislative, and technological factors. Previous reports showed that the individual impact of those factors; however, all factors are strongly correlated, and the impact of one factor is significantly affected by the situation of other factors. Therefore, the present review is devoted to critically examine and discuss the sole and interactive effect of various factors affecting the cultivation of Jatropha for sustainable biodiesel production by reviewing more than 185 published articles. Various oil extraction and biodiesel production technologies and factors affecting the physicochemical properties of Jatropha oil and biodiesel were profoundly investigated. Moreover, the performance, combustion, and emission characteristic of diesel engines fuelled with Jatropha biodiesel were carefully reviewed and compared with petrol diesel. In conclusion, factors affecting the sustainable biodiesel production potential of Jatropha vary across growing regions due to variation in determinants, and the performance and emission characteristic of diesel engines fuelled with Jatropha biodiesel slightly differed from petrol diesel.