RF Energy Harvesting in Cognitive Radio: Towards Green Communication (original) (raw)
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A Comprehensive Review On Energy Harvesting Techniques For Cognitive Radio Network
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2020
Abstract—Latest focus on green communications has created great interest in research into connectivity and networking for energy harvesting. Energy harvesting from natural sources may theoretically minimize dependency on grid or battery energy supply, adding several enticing environmental benefits and usage. However, unlike traditional reliable electricity, the erratic and random aspect of renewable energy renders transmission networks impossible to introduce. During the past few years, comprehensive investigation has been conducted over to resolve the Implicit complexity in several factors: energy sources and models, protocols for energy conservation and usage, monitoring and utilization of energy,Usage of energy storage in mutual networks, smart radio networks, wireless and multi-user networks, etc. However, as their number is increasing, adequate and regular reviews of advances must now be rendered in the sector. In addition, a growing array of proven energy harvesters are expan...
RF-powered cognitive radio networks: technical challenges and limitations
IEEE Communications Magazine, 2015
The increasing demand for spectral and energy efficient communication networks has spurred a great interest in energy harvesting (EH) cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Such a revolutionary technology represents a paradigm shift in the development of wireless networks, as it can simultaneously enable the efficient use of the available spectrum and the exploitation of radio frequency (RF) energy in order to reduce the reliance on traditional energy sources. This is mainly triggered by the recent advancements in microelectronics that puts forward RF energy harvesting as a plausible technique in the near future. On the other hand, it is suggested that the operation of a network relying on harvested energy needs to be redesigned to allow the network to reliably function in the long term. To this end, the aim of this survey paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development and the challenges regarding the operation of CRNs powered by RF energy. In addition, the potential open issues that might be considered for the future research are also discussed in this paper.
SURVEY ON ENERGY HARVESTING COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORK
Energy harvesting network (EHN) is a trending topic among the recent researches. This substantial attention is due to the limitations, operational cost and risks of the conventional power suppliers, such as fossil fuel and batteries. Moreover, EHN are expected to enhance energy efficiency by harvesting energy of RF and renewable sources. In contemporary research works, EHN is applied to CR technology. This energy harvesting cognitive radio network (EH-CRN) is expected to utilize both energy and electromagnetic spectrum efficiently. However, EH-CRN is facing enormous challenges related to technical design. Some of these challenges are reviewed in recent surveys. However, other challenges such as optimizing the network throughput and EH-CRN implementation models were not the focus of these researches. Therefore, the aim of this survey is to review EH-CRN research works by focusing the survey perspective on maximizing the network throughput and the implementation models.
Survey on energy harvesting cognitive radio networks
2015
Energy harvesting network (EHN) is a trending topic among the recent researches. This substantial attention is due to the limitations, operational cost and risks of the conventional power suppliers, such as fossil fuel and batteries. Moreover, EHN are expected to enhance energy efficiency by harvesting energy of RF and renewable sources. In contemporary research works, EHN is applied to CR technology. This energy harvesting cognitive radio network (EHCRN) is expected to utilize both energy and electromagnetic spectrum efficiently. However, EH-CRN is facing enormous challenges related to technical design. Some of these challenges are reviewed in recent surveys. However, other challenges such as optimizing the network throughput and EH-CRN implementation models were not the focus of these researches. Therefore, the aim of this survey is to review EH-CRN research works by focusing the survey perspective on maximizing the network throughput and the implementation models.
Hybrid Energy Harvesting Scheme for Cognitive Radio Network
2021
Cognitive radio networks are becoming increasingly popular these days because of their propensity to tackle spectrum shortage problem so efficiently through dynamic spectrum access. The cognitive radios are battery operated devices and require continuous spectrum monitoring for the opportunistic use of the spectrum. Thus, the performance of such radios is limited by the battery life. To overcome this bottleneck, a hybrid energy harvesting scheme is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme harvest energy from RF energy from PU as well as SU on detecting their presence and absence from the channel. The proposed algorithm compares the harvested energy with desired transmission power. If the harvested energy is less than desired transmission power, external energy source is used to meet the deficit. The numerical simulated results are presented and compared with the conventional scheme to validate the proposed scheme. Keywords— Cognitive radio network, Energy harvesting.
Enhancement of Cognitive Users Longevity in Cognitive Radio Network by RF Energy Harvesting
Cognitive Radio (CR) is an intelligent technology by which we can use the frequency spectrum of a wireless network more efficiently. Using this technology, the secondary user of a cognitive radio network can use the frequency band of primary user when it remains idle. As most of the wireless portable devices are battery operated, continuous energy supply is always critical issue. In this paper, we proposed an energy harvesting technique that can harvest more energy from RF signal than conventional energy harvesting system which leads to enhance the longevity of the cognitive user. Here we utilized a super cluster-based energy harvesting technique where we get the increased spectrum sensing time by the cognitive user in a cluster. For this, the cognitive users are able to harvest more energy from RF signal which contributes in enhancing the longevity of the cognitive user.
Cognitive radio network with continuous energy-harvesting
International Journal of Communication Systems, 2016
In this paper, the performance of a cooperative cognitive radio (CR) network is investigated under continuous energy harvesting scenario. A CR node harvests energy from both the sources: non-radio frequency (RF) signal (ambient sources) or from RF signal (primary user signal). It harvests from non-RF signal during sensing time of its detection cycle, and from both the sources, RF signal and non-RF signal, during transmission time as per sensing decision. Several novel analytical expressions are developed to indicate the harvested energy, energy reward, energy cost in a detection frame, and throughput. The performance of the CR network is investigated to maximize the throughput considering energy causality constraints and collision constraints. Analytical results are validated through extensive simulation results.
2022
Background and Objectives: In an energy harvesting cognitive radio network, both energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency can be improved, simultaneously. In this paper, we consider an energy harvesting-based multiantenna cognitive radio network to execute cooperative spectrum sensing, data transmission and RF energy harvesting by secondary transmitter from PU' signal and the ambient noise, simultaneously. Methods: In his paper, two novel models called Joint Power allocation and Energy Harvesting by Time switching and Antennas splitting (JPEHTA) and Joint Power allocation and Continuous Energy Harvesting (JPCEH) are proposed. We formulate the joint optimization problems of the sensing time, detection threshold, energy harvesting time, number of cooperative antennas for sensing and energy harvesting as well as power allocation for each antenna in both proposed models. The aim is for enhancing both the spectral and the energy efficiencies under constraints on the probabilities of global detection and false alarm, energy harvesting and transmission power budget. Then, the considered multi-variable problem is solved by using two convex-based iterative proposed algorithms having less computational complexity compared to baseline approaches to achieve the optimal parameters and goals of the problem. Results: The results present insights about the impact of the sensing time, detection threshold, power allocation and the number of antennas on the energy and spectrum efficiencies of cognitive radio network with an energy harvesting capability. Conclusion: Simulation results have shown that the proposed schemes outperform the structures that have not optimized all the parameters considered in this paper, jointly or schemes in which single-antenna SU are participated in spectrum sensing, energy harvesting and data transmitting.
Residual Energy of Energy Harvesting Cognitive Radio Networks
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 2019
This paper analyzes cooperative spectrum sensing with energy harvesting using power splitting mode of operation simultaneously. Secondary users (SU) will harvests RF energy from primary user (PU) throughout the durations of sensing and transmission. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the residual energy of SU with power splitting ratio, number of samples, number of SUs and probability of detection. Mathematical expressions of energy consumption, harvested energy and residual energy are developed. The simulation results of residual energy with different parameters are verified and have proved that residual energy of SUs is increased with increase in power splitting ratio, number of SUs, number of samples of SU for sensing and probability of detection
Wireless Networks with RF Energy Harvesting: A Contemporary Survey
Radio frequency (RF) energy transfer and harvesting techniques have recently become alternative methods to power the next generation wireless networks. As this emerging technology enables proactive energy replenishment of wireless devices, it is advantageous in supporting applications with quality of service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, we present an extensive literature review on the research progresses in wireless networks with RF energy harvesting capability, referred to as RF energy harvesting networks (RF-EHNs). First, we present an overview of the RF-EHNs including system architecture, RF energy harvesting techniques and existing applications. Then, we present the background in circuit design as well as the state-of-the-art circuitry implementations, and review the communication protocols specially designed for RF-EHNs. We also explore various key design issues in the development of RF-EHNs according to the network types, i.e., single-hop networks, multi-antenna networks, relay networks, and cognitive radio networks. Finally, we envision some open research directions.