Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Alpinia calcarata Rosc. Rhizome (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016
Objective: The present study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant and free radipotentials of the mixture ethanolic extract of rhizomes of Alpinia speciosa and Alpinia calcarata. Methods: The ethanolic mixture extract of rhizomes was prepared in the ratio of 50:50 of Alpinia speciosa and Alpinia calcarata was subjected to the analysis of phytochemicals, total phenolics and flavonoid contents and free radical scavenging activities such as DPPH, Nitric oxide radical, Superoxide radical, Hydroxyl radical, Ferric reducing antioxidant power, reducing power and Metal ion-chelating activities were determined. Results: The rhizome mixture extract showed total antioxidant content, good flavonoid and moderate amounts of phenolics content. In DPPH, Nitric oxide and Superoxide radical scavenging activity, IC50 was found 136.22±3.44 µg/ml, 53.67±0.47µg/ml, 74.20±1.48µg/ml respectively with the standard ascorbic acid [3.61±0.20 µg/ml, 49.06±0.18 µg/ml and 39.81±0.22 µg/ml]. For the Hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, the IC50 Conclusion: The results of present study showed that mixture ethanolic extract of rhizomes of Alpinia speciosa and Alpinia calcarata possesses high potential antioxidant activity and could be a potential source a natural antioxidant that could have great importance as therapeutic agents in preventing oxidative stress-related degenerative diseases. values were 42.02±2.51 µg/ml with the standard Rutin [17.15±0.02 µg/ml]. The Ferric reducing antioxidant power was found 497.32±7.49 mmol/Fe (II)g with the standard Ascorbic acid 1956.20±74.08 mmol/Fe (II)g. The Metal chelating activity was found 96.23±0.39 mg EDTA/g sample with the standard ascorbic acid 205.86±0.53 mg EDTA/g sample. The reducing power was determined, the concentrations 20 µg/ml absorbance of the rhizome mixture was 0.05 and 100 µg/ml absorbance 0.14 with the standard ascorbic acid was absorbance 0.54 and 2.0.
In-vitro anti-oxidant studies on ethanolic extract of Alpinia galanga linn
ABSTRACT Background: The free radical scavenging activity by in-vitro antioxidant assay is performed on ethanolic extract of Alpinia galanga. Free radicals are highly reactive molecules produced as a by-product during metabolism of oxygen. From the current understanding of patho-physiology, it is extensively proved about the positive role of reactive oxygen species in degenerative disease. Nature has provided abundant fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants with rich source of antioxidants as the natural defense against free radical induced damage to living organism. Methods: The Present study is to screen and document the antioxidant property of Alpinia galanga from Zingiberaceae family by lipid per oxidation, nitric oxide and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil radical scavenging in vitro antioxidant assay. Results: The results are the percentage inhibitory concentration (IC) of Alpinia galanga are as follows IC50 102.70 mcg/ml, IC50 63.35 mcg/ml and IC50 8.80 mcg/ml and for control vitamin E is IC50 29 mcg/ml, IC50 15 mcg/ml and IC50 18 mcg/ml by Lipid per oxidation, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil and nitric oxide free radical scavenging activity respectively. Conclusions: The Alpinia galnga root ethanolic ectract from zingiberacia family has significant nitric oxide free radical scavenging activity.
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2020
Since last few decades, there has been an exponential growth in popularising herbal medicine owing to its natural origin and lesser side effects while curing different ailments in the body. The present study was undertaken to reveal the effect of solvent (methanol, ethanol and aqueous) on phytoconstituents and antioxidant activity of Alpinia calcarata rhizome. Methanolic extract had highest phenolic content (21.08 mg/g GAE) followed by ethanolic (17.52) and aqueous extract (8.91 mg/g). DPPH radical scavenging activity was found to be highest in ethanolic extract (83.9%) and lowest in aqueous extract (58.01%). However, ABTS activity was found to be highest in methanolic extract (7.1 mg trolox/g) and lowest in aqueous extract (5.6 mg/g). Similar observations were found for Nitric oxide (NO) and FRAP activity. The metal chelating activity (MCA) was highest in ethanolic extract (84.6%) and lowest in methanolic extract (80.7%). This implied the potentiality ethanolic extract of Alpinia rhizome powder to be used in food and herbal industries for the preparation of nutraceutical compounds and herbal supplements.
2011
In the present study, the antioxidant potential of the crude methanol and its fractionated extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate and water) of the rhizomes of Alpinia mutica was investigated, employing four different assays. The antioxidant assays used were 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, beta-carotene bleaching, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the reducing power assays while the total phenolic content was assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antioxidant property in comparison to the other extracts against all assays conducted. The ethyl acetate fraction displayed better antioxidant activity in comparison to the standard compound, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and ascorbic acid in the beta-carotene linoleate model system and the SOD assay. The ethyl acetate fraction was also found to have the highest phenolic content among the extract and fractions. The phenolic compounds present in the ethyl acetate fraction may have contributed to the good antioxidant properties of the ethyl acetate fraction. In conclusion, the rhizome extract of A. mutica especially the ethyl acetate fraction possesses good antioxidant activity and can be potentially used as natural antioxidants.
Industrial Crops and Products, 2020
Alpinia zerumbet (Zingiberaceae) is an important medicinal plant found in several countries and used in folk medicine. The hypotensive and anxiolytic effects of the preparations made from this plant are mainly attributed to flavonoids and kavalactones, respectively. The aim of this study was to compare infusions, hydroalcohol extracts and tinctures obtained with fresh and dried leaves of A. zerumbet collected in two Brazilian cities: Rio de Janeiro/RJ and Brasilia/DF. Colorimetric methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the extracts. The flavonoids and dihydro-5,6-dehydrokavain (DDK) contents were analyzed by HPLC-DAD and the volatile compounds were evaluated by headspace solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by GC-MS analyses, which also evaluated the nonpolar fractions. The fresh and dried leaves from both Brazilian cities contain high amounts of flavonoids with antioxidant activity. The 80 % hydroalcohol extract prepared with fresh leaves collected in Brasilia exhibited the highest antioxidant activity by the phosphomolybdenum and DPPH methods. HPLC analyses of the infusions prepared with fresh leaves collected in Rio de Janeiro showed the highest DDK content, 6.63 mg/g of the extract. The GC-MS analyses of the nonpolar fractions from the aqueous extracts, from both cities, showed the presence of two major substances, the kavalactones DDK and 5,6-dehydrokavain. The evaluation of the loss of volatile substances by headspace SPE showed that even after a storage time of 30 days, there were still volatile substances in the dried plant material from both cities. In addition, the loss of terpinen-4-ol and γ-terpinene from the fresh leaves was very low, showing the slow release of these substances under the studied conditions. In conclusion, this work shows that the chemical standardization of A. zerumbet preparations contains terpenoids, kavalactones and phenolic compounds related to the biological activities which are important to corroborate the different uses of this species. anti-hypertensive properties (Indrayan et al., 2010; Araujo et al., 2011; Mendonça et al., 1991; Laranja et al., 1992). It is used in foodstuffs and traditional medicines in Japan (Teschke and Xuan, 2018). There is already a herbal medicinal product for topical administration marketed in Brazil, called Ziclague® (Hebron, 2020), which is used as an adjuvant in the treatment of muscular spasticity (Freitas, 2016). Furthermore, the Alpinia species have been extensively investigated for their chemical compositions and biological activities (Ma et al., 2017). In Brazil, A. zerumbet is popularly known as "Colônia" and its leaves are sold for use in tea, as an infusion for the treatment of arterial hypertension and anxiety symptoms (Araújo et al., 2009). According to
The Potency of Alpinia galanga as Natural Antioxidant
Majalah Obat Tradisional
An antioxidant is a chemical compound that can bind free radicals in the body. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) is a reaction that involves oxygen. ROS consists of free radicals and non-radical ones. The imbalance between ROS and antioxidants can cause oxidative stress, one of the factors contributing to the development of numerous diseases. This study aims to evaluate the possible antioxidant activity of lengkuas extract (LE), which may be employed as a medicine component to reduce ROS. The method that used in this research were total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, 2,2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), NO scavenging, 2,2′-Azinobis(3-Ethylbenzthiazoline-6-Sulfonate) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The result shows that the TPC of LE was 6.80 ± 0.34 (GAE) µg/mg with gallic acid standard and the TFC was 3.39 ± 0.06 µg/mg by quercetin standard. The IC50 value of LE were 121.20; 87.65; 139.94; 181.09 µg/ml by ABTS, D...
Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2014
Oxidative stress associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is believed to be involved not only in the toxicity of xenobiotics but also pathophysiology in various tissue damages. The toxicity of organs such as liver, heart, kidney, brain etc., are associated with the metabolic activation of foreign compounds to form free radicals or with the production of ROS such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide radicals, etc. These are responsible for tissue damaging effects such as lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. (1) Plant-based drugs produced very less side effects than allopathic drugs. Plant contains enzymatic antioxidants [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST)] and non-enzymatic antioxidants [vitamin C and total reduced glutathione (TRG)] to scavenge free radicals produced by ROS and protect organ from ROS-induced oxidative stress. (2) Medicinal plants have been used to cure disease since antiquity. Plants still constitute one of the major sources of drugs in modern as well as traditional medicine throughout the world. (3) Natural products such as herbs, fruits and vegetables become popular in recent years due to public awareness and increasing interest among consumers and scientifi c community. (4) Alpinia is the largest genus in ginger family in which Alpinia purpurata (Vieill.) K. Schum. is a very popular garden plant in India. (5) Rhizome has sharp odour, improves appetite, taste and voice. It is also used for headache, rheumatism, sore throat and renal disease. (6) Phytochemical studies on Alpinia purpurata revealed that it possess flavonoids, rutin, kaempferol-3-rutinoside and kaempferol-3-oliucronide. (7) The phytochemical constituents of Alpinia purpurata promote
Antioxidant potential, cytotoxic activity and total phenolic content of Alpinia pahangensis rhizomes
2013
BACKGROUND: Alpinia pahangensis, a wild ginger distributed in the lowlands of Pahang, Malaysia, is used by the locals to treat flatulence. In this study, the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the crude aqueous methanol and fractionated extracts of Alpinia pahangensis against five different cancer and one normal cell lines were investigated. The total phenolic content of each extract and its fractions were also quantified. This is the first report on the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Alpinia pahangensis extract. METHODS: In the current study, the crude methanol and fractionated extract of the rhizomes of Alpinia pahangensis were investigated for their antioxidant activity using four different assays namely, the DPPH scavenging activity, superoxide anion scavenging, beta-carotene bleaching and reducing power assays whilst their phenolic contents were measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu's method.In vitro neutral red cytotoxicity assay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity against five different cancer cell lines, colon cancer (HCT 116 and HT-29), cervical cancer (Ca Ski), breast cancer (MCF7) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines, and one normal cell line (MRC-5). The extract that showed high cytotoxic activity was further investigated for its chemical constituents by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis. RESULTS: The ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging (0.35 +/- 0.094 mg/ml) and SOD activities (51.77 +/- 4.9%) whilst the methanol extract showed the highest reducing power and also the strongest antioxidant activity in the beta-carotene bleaching assays in comparison to other fractions. The highest phenolic content was found in the ethyl acetate fraction, followed by the crude methanol extract, hexane and water fractions. The results showed a positive correlation between total phenolic content with DPPH radical scavenging capacities and SOD activities. The hexane fraction showed potent cytotoxic effect against KB, Ca Ski and HCT 116 cell lines with IC50 of 5.8 +/- 0.1 and 9.1 +/- 2.0 ug/ml, respectively. The major components of hexane fraction analysed by GC-MS analysis were mostly methyl esters. CONCLUSIONS: The current study suggests that the methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of A. pahangensis is a potential source of natural antioxidant for protective as well as prevention of life-threatening diseases. The hexane fraction of A. pahangensis may have the potential to be developed into therapeutic option for treating cancer.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017
Objective: The present study was to determine in vitro antioxidant and anticancer activity of Alpinia calcarata and Alpinia galanga. Methods: The phytochemical screening of rhizome of aqueous extract of Alpinia calcarata and Alpinia galanga was performed using standard procedures. The total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau and Aluminium chloride reagents. The various antioxidant assays and cytotoxic assays (MTT) for Alpinia calcarata and Alpinia galanga was performed using standard methods (DPPH radical scavenging assay, Nitric oxide radical scavenging assay, Reducing power assay, Phosphomolybdenum reduction assay). Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening of Alpinia calcarata and Alpinia galanga showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, carbohydrates and proteins. The phenolic content of aqueous extracts of rhizomes of Alpinia calcarata was 454.05 μg/mg and Alpinia galanga was 480.13 μg/mg and was expressed as gallic acid equivalent. The flavonoid content of aqueous extracts of rhizomes of Alpinia calcarata was 36.34 μg/mg and Alpinia galanga was 67.68 μg/mg and was expressed as quercetin equivalent. In DPPH assay, Alpinia galanga showed 95.36% whereas Alpinia calcarata showed 54.54% at 120 μg/ml. The maximum NO • Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study indicate that rhizome of Alpinia galanga are abundant in phenols and flavanoids which may be useful for the development of the anticancer drug. radical scavenging activity was 59.44% for Alpinia calcarata and was 73.10% for Alpinia galanga at 120 µg/ml concentration. The maximum reducing property was found at the 120 μg/ml of aqueous extract of rhizomes of Alpinia galanga which was higher than the Alpinia calcarata. In Phosphomolybdenum assay, the aqueous extracts of rhizomes of Alpinia calcarata and Alpinia galanga were 55.47% and 78.38% respectively. The results of the present investigation indicated that rhizome of aqueous extract of Alpinia galanga showed the highest antioxidant activity in all the assays than Alpinia galanga. The cytotoxicity assay results indicated that rhizome of aqueous extract of Alpinia galanga showed 88.36% cell viability whereas Alpinia calcarata showed 73.59% cell viability.