Identification and quantification of flavonoids in traditional cultivars of red and white onions at harvest (original) (raw)
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Identification and quantification of flavonol glycosides in cultivated blueberry cultivars
Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2012
A sensitive method coupling high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detector (DAD) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) was optimized for the separation and identification of phenolic acids, flavonoid glycosides and flavonoid aglycones in the extract of burr parsley (Caucalis platycarpos L.). Fragmentation behavior of flavonoid glycosides and phenolic acids were investigated using ion trap mass spectrometry in negative electrospray ionization. The MS, MS n and UV data together with HPLC retention time (T R ) of phenolic acids and flavonoids allowed structural characterization of these compounds. Caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) isomers, p-coumaroylquinic acids (p-CoQA), feruloylquinic acids (FQA), dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQA), luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, apigenin-7-O-rutinoside as well as isolated chrysoeriol-7-Orutinoside have been identified as constituents of C. platycarpos for the first time. An accurate, precise and sensitive LC-DAD method for quantification of four phenolic acids (3-O-caffeoylquinic, caffeic, p-coumaric, o-coumaric acid), four flavonoid glycosides (luteolin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-OPEN ACCESS Molecules 2009, 14 2467
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007
A screening method was developed for the systematic identification of glycosylated flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in plant food materials based on an initial, standard analytical method. This approach applies the same analytical scheme (aqueous methanol extraction, reverse phase liquid chromatographic separation, and diode array and mass spectrometric detection) to every sample and standard. This standard approach allows the cross-comparison of compounds in samples, standards, and plant materials previously identified in the published literature. Thus, every analysis contributes to a growing library of data for retention times and UV/vis and mass spectra. Without authentic standards, this method provides provisional identification of the phenolic compounds: identification of flavonoid backbones, phenolic acids, saccharides, and acyls but not the positions of the linkages between these subclasses. With standards, this method provides positive identification of the full compound: identification of subclasses and linkages. The utility of the screening method is demonstrated in this study by the identification of 78 phenolic compounds in cranberry, elder flower, Fuji apple peel, navel orange peel, and soybean seed
Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2011
The water extract of burr parsley (Caucalis platycarpos L.) showed remarkable antitumor activity in rats and mice. Phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids, are considered to be the major bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to develop a reverse phase HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous quantification of flavonoid aglycones and phenolic acids, and an HPLC-DAD-MS/MS method for structural characterization of phenolic compounds, obtained after hydrolysis of C. platycarpos methanolic extract. Caffeic acid was the predominant phenolic acid, and luteolin was the predominant flavonoid aglycone. The optimized and validated method for the determination of the five phenolic acids and four flavonoid aglycones ensured reliable results and could be used for the quality control of raw plant material.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2017
Diets containing high proportions of fruits and vegetables reduce the risk of onset of chronic diseases. The role of herbal medicines in improving human health is gaining popularity over the years, which also increases the need for safety and efficiency of these products. Green leafy vegetables (GLVs) are the richest source of phenolic compounds with excellent antioxidant properties. Increased consumption of diets containing phenolic compounds may give positive and better results to human health and significantly improves the immune system. Highly selective, susceptible and versatile analytical techniques are necessary for extraction, identification, and quantification of phenolic compounds from plant extracts, which helps to utilize their important biological properties. Recent advances in the pre-treatment procedures, separation techniques and spectrometry methods are used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds. The online coupling of liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has become a useful tool in the metabolic profiling of plant samples. In this review, the separation and identification of phenolic acids and flavonoids from GLVs by LC-MS have been discussed along with the general extraction procedures and other sources of mass spectrometer used. The review is devoted to the understanding of the structural configuration, nature and accumulation pattern of phenolic acids and flavonoids in plants and to highlighting the recent developments in the chemical investigation of these compounds by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. It concludes with the advantages of the combination of these two methods and prospects.
Journal of Separation Science, 2012
An HPLC method of high resolution has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of ten prominent flavonoid aglycones in plant materials using a fused-core C18-silica column (Ascentis R Express, 4.6 mm × 150 mm, 2.7 m). The separation was accomplished with an acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran gradient elution at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and temperature of 30ЊC. UV spectrophotometric detection was employed at 370 nm for flavonols (quercetin [QU], myricetin [MY], isorhamnetin [IS], kaempferol [KA], sexangularetin [SX], and limocitrin [LM]) and 340 nm for flavones (apigenin [AP], acacetin [AC], chrysoeriol [CH], and luteolin [LU]). The high resolution of critical pairs QU/LU (10.50), QU/CH (3.40), AP/CH (2.51), SX/LM (2.30), and IS/KA (2.70) was achieved within 30.3 min. The observed column back pressure was less than 4300 psi, thus acceptable for conventional HPLC equipment. The method was sensitive enough having LODs of 0.115-0.525 ng and good linearity (r > 0.9999) over the test range. The precision values, expressed as RSD values, were <7.5%, and the accuracy was in the range of 95.3-100.2% for all analytes except MY (73.8%). The method was successfully employed for the determination of flavonoids in several medicinal plants, such as Ginkgo biloba, Betula pendula, and a variety of Sorbus species.
HPLC and MEKC determination of major flavonoids in selected food pools
Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 1995
The main flavone and flavonol glycosides were identified in four different food pools (soup, legumes/vegetables, salads, fruit) typical of the mediterranean diet. The analysis was performed by RP-HPLC or micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) coupled with diode array detection. For the quantitative evaluation the glycosidic fraction of each pool was hydrolyzed under controlled conditions and among the resulting aglycones quercetin and apigenin were detected as the most relevant. The mean content of these aglycones in the examined pools ranges from 12 to 43 mg/kg and from 3 to 15 mg/kg of dried sample for quercetin and apigenin, respectively.
Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Some Medicinal Herbs by LC-MS
Journal of chromatographic science, 2015
In this paper, a liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry in negative mode method was developed for the identification and quantitative determination of 13 individual phenolics (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, rutin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, fisetin, isorhamnetin, hesperidin and chrysin) from ethanolic extracts [30, 50 and 70% (w/v)] of Calendula officinalis, Hypericum perforatum, Galium verum and Origanum vulgare and some commercial extracts of these medicinal herbs. Correlation coefficients (r(2)) from calibration curves for all the compounds were between 0.9971 and 0.9996. Limit of detection was in the range of 0.070-0.280 µg/mL and limit of quantification was from 0.233 to 0.932 µg/mL. The method was partially validated and the results obtained are: the intra- and interday relative standard deviation values were within 0.086 and 2.821% and recovery values vary from 95.84% (couma...
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2004
Liquid chromatography coupled to negative electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) employing a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was used in the structural determination of acylated flavonoid-O-glycosides and methoxylated flavonoids occurring in Tagetes maxima. The compounds were identified by experiments in full scan mode (MS), and tandem mass experiments (MS/MS) of precursor ion scan, product ion scan, and neutral loss scan modes. In order to characterize the aglycones of the flavonoid glycosides, in-source fragmentation of the deprotonated molecule [M-H] À followed by product ion scan of the resulting aglycone [A-H] À were performed. This combined approach allowed the identification of 51 phenolic compounds, including flavonoid-O-glycosides acylated with galloyl, protocatechuoyl, coumaroyl or caffeoyl groups, methoxylated flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acid and phenolic acid derivatives, none of them previously reported in Tagetes maxima.
Open Chemistry, 2011
Rapid Resolution HPLC/DAD method, on a 1.8 µm, 4.6×50 mm column, was developed to enable a rapid separation of a mixture of 17 compounds, which consisted of hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavones, flavonols, flavanone, flavonol-glycoside and antraquinone, in a single run, within 22 minutes. The developed method is precise, accurate and sensitive enough for simultaneous quantitative evaluation of major compounds in crude and hydrolyzed extracts of parsley, buckthorn, mint, caraway and birch. In order to overcome the inability to quantify all the phenolic compounds present in the samples caused by lack of external standards, HPLC approaches for the total phenolic content estimation based on sum of all integrated peak areas were made. These results were compared with the total phenolic content determined by Folin-Cioacalteu method. Although the correlation between the series of data was not significant (pHPLC was not high in the case of parsley, buckthorn and mint extrac...
Journal of Studies in Science and Engineering
Flavonoids are phytochemical compounds that can be found in a wide range of plants, including vegetables, fruits, and leaves. This vast set of phenolic plant elements can be split into numerous classes based on their diverse structures, including Flavanones, Flavanols, Flavonols, Flavones, Isoflavones, and Anthocyanins. Interestingly, they possess various applications such as natural dyes, medicinal uses, and food sources. Flavonoids have been shown to have anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral properties in clinical studies. They also have cardio-protective and neuroprotective effects. In addition, they are responsible for the presence of different colors and flavors in various fruits, flowers, and food sources. Multiple spectroscopic techniques, including Infrared spectroscopy (IR), Ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, are being used to identify the structure of flavonoids. UV-Vis spectroscopy data can be used to e...